CAR-T Cell Therapy-Novel Approaches and Challenges

Dear colleagues,

CAR (chimeric antigen receptor)-T cell therapy became a highly promising type of cell therapy with two recently FDA-approved CAR-T cell therapy agents: Kymriah (Novartis) and Yescarta (Kite/Gilead). CAR contains single chain variable fragment ScFv of antibody against tumor-associated antigen, followed by a hinge, transmembrane domain, co-activation domain (CD28, 4-1BB, CD27 or other) and activation CD3 zeta domain. Once CAR-T cell binds tumor-associated antigen, it becomes activated and kills target cancer cell. Recent clinical trials on hematological cancers demonstrated big success of this therapy. Unfortunately, in solid cancer there are many challenges exist to overcome for successful therapy such as presence of repressive tumor microenvironment, repressive T regulatory (Treg) cells, physical barriers for CAR-T cells to reach the tumor and other factors. This issue will highlight novel approaches and perspectives of CAR-T cell therapy and also focus on challenges on the road to clinic.

Dr. Vita Golubovskaya
Guest Editor

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