Understanding the Complexities of Anticancer Drugs Resistance

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Drug Development".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 December 2025 | Viewed by 1685

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
Interests: cancer epigenetics; molecular pathways; epi-drugs; genetic mutations; genetic engineering; targeted therapy; next-generation sequencing; tumor microenvironment
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Guest Editor
Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
Interests: epigenetics; molecular biology; cancer; RNA modifications; drug discovery; genomics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Anticancer drug resistance is a major challenge in cancer therapy and significantly impacts patient outcomes. Genetic mutations play a pivotal role in drug resistance. Cancer cells acquire mutations that alter their DNA, enabling them to evade the effects of anticancer drugs. These mutations can affect drug targets, drug metabolism, and DNA repair mechanisms, rendering the drugs ineffective. Furthermore, some mutations can activate alternative signaling pathways that bypass the drugs' intended targets. The tumor microenvironment can also contribute to drug resistance by providing a protective niche for cancer cells. Tumor cells interact with immune cells, fibroblasts, and blood vessels, creating a complex network. This interaction can lead to the secretion of factors that promote drug resistance, such as cytokines and growth factors. Additionally, the tumor microenvironment can create physical barriers, such as a dense extracellular matrix, limiting drug penetration into the tumor. Understanding the mechanisms of drug resistance can drive the development of effective cancer treatments, including new drugs, combination therapies, and personalized medicine approaches.  In this Special Issue of Cancers, we welcome original research articles or comprehensive reviews focusing on the complexities of anticancer drug resistance, including the mechanisms involved, the factors contributing to drug resistance, and the strategies to overcome drug resistance.

Dr. Mariarosaria Conte
Dr. Nunzio Del Gaudio
Guest Editors

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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27 pages, 2754 KiB  
Review
The Role of Canine Models of Human Cancer: Overcoming Drug Resistance Through a Transdisciplinary “One Health, One Medicine” Approach
by Sara Gargiulo, Lidovina Vecchiarelli, Eleonora Pagni and Matteo Gramanzini
Cancers 2025, 17(12), 2025; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17122025 - 17 Jun 2025
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Abstract
Introduction: Chemotherapy is a primary treatment option in human and veterinary oncology. Like humans, canine patients often develop drug resistance. Comparative oncology is gaining increasing interest, and spontaneous tumors of companion dogs have emerged as a powerful resource for better understanding human cancer. [...] Read more.
Introduction: Chemotherapy is a primary treatment option in human and veterinary oncology. Like humans, canine patients often develop drug resistance. Comparative oncology is gaining increasing interest, and spontaneous tumors of companion dogs have emerged as a powerful resource for better understanding human cancer. The genetic, molecular, and histological features of tumors in dogs are more closely related to those in humans than the ones in laboratory animals, including complex mechanisms of drug resistance. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in the electronic database Clarivate Web of Science (WOS): Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) from 1990 to 2025 (updated 22 January 2025). The final set includes 59 relevant full-text English articles. Results: The literature findings suggest that canine spontaneous tumors are valuable model systems with important translational implications for identifying novel mechanisms of chemotherapy resistance shared with humans and may help advance the current standard of care in precision medicine. Conclusions: We have provided an updated overview of the role of canine tumor models to study oncotherapy resistance, focusing on limitations and opportunities for advancement. Despite complementary benefits of such models in translational oncology research, their relevance remains underestimated. Strengthening the collaboration between human and veterinary medicine professionals and comparative medicine researchers, and obtaining the support of interdisciplinary institutions, could contribute to addressing the problem of multidrug resistance for both human and canine patients. Future research may promote using canine spontaneous tumors as translational therapeutic models for human chemoresistance, through a multidisciplinary approach based on the emerging “One Health, One Medicine” paradigm. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Understanding the Complexities of Anticancer Drugs Resistance)
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