PET Imaging in Prostate Cancer

Dear Colleagues,

The introduction of molecular imaging, namely positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, in prostate cancer has already changed the clinical outcomes and therapeutic management of patients. PET imaging has proved to have higher diagnostic accuracy compared to conventional imaging, especially for staging high-risk patients and identifying metastatic locations in the case of disease recurrence. Several PET radiopharmaceuticals have been proposed over the last decade, and these diagnostic techniques are now currently placed under the umbrella term “new-generation imaging”. 

The most successful approach is represented by targeting the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), and PSMA-PET has rapidly emerged as the new standard of care in prostate cancer. The main advantage of PSMA-PET is related to the high diagnostic accuracy and to the possibility to use it as therapeutic agent. PSMA can, in fact, be labeled to high energy isotopes (beta and alpha particles emitters) and used for radio-ligand therapy. 

However, PSMA is not expressed in all prostate cancer cells, namely in the later stage of the disease when tumor heterogeneity is higher, and molecular pathways are more complex. Accordingly, metabolic PET imaging with radio-labelled choline or fluorodeoxyglucose still plays a role in prostate cancer. Furthermore, new targets have recently been explored, such as the fibroblast activation protein (FAPi-PET) bombesin (RM2-PET).  

This Special Issue aims to collect original articles and reviews on the role of PET imaging in prostate cancer, with a special focus on innovative approaches and translational imaging.

Prof. Dr. Francesco Ceci
Dr. Giulia Marvaso
Guest Editors

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