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Cancers
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Clinical Research on the Relationship between Diet and Cancer Development
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Clinical Research on the Relationship between Diet and Cancer Development

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Research of Cancer".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2024) | Viewed by 8910

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Zsuzsanna Németh

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, Koranyi S. u 2/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
Interests: prevention; complementary therapies; cancer formation; molecular biology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue aims to collect clinical trial articles focusing on dietary pattern and cancer survival. It is already well-known that the risk of developing cancer can be significantly reduced by 40% with an appropriate lifestyle, including diet. It is also known that an imbalance of vitamins and micro-nutrients can directly affect the metabolism and, through epigenetic alterations, gene transcription, which then can lead to metabolic changes and cancer formation. Obesity and metabolic syndrome are both related to improper or deficient dietary patterns, which have been shown to increase the chance of developing tumors.

Dietary questionnaires and diet diaries are the most commonly used forms of recall of dietary patterns, but recall bias is a possibility. A more reliable and scientific-evidence-based form is clinical trials. We therefore request studies that discuss the relationship between dietary pattern and metabolic changes that may explain the beneficial effect on cancer formation and survival.

Dr. Zsuzsanna Németh
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • diet
  • nutrition
  • complementary therapy
  • vitamins, minerals
  • micro-nutrients
  • survival
  • cancer

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 4655 KiB  
Article
Ruthenium(II) Complex with 8-Hydroxyquinoline Exhibits Antitumor Activity in Breast Cancer Cell Lines
by Amr Khalifa, Salah A. Sheweita, Asmaa Namatalla, Mohamed A. Khalifa, Alessio Nencioni and Ahmed S. Sultan
Cancers 2025, 17(2), 195; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17020195 - 9 Jan 2025
Viewed by 1034
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Breast cancer (BC) remains one of the most prevalent and deadly cancers worldwide, with limited access to advanced treatments in developing regions. There is a critical need for novel therapies with unique mechanisms of action, especially to overcome resistance to conventional platinum-based [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Breast cancer (BC) remains one of the most prevalent and deadly cancers worldwide, with limited access to advanced treatments in developing regions. There is a critical need for novel therapies with unique mechanisms of action, especially to overcome resistance to conventional platinum-based drugs. This study investigates the anticancer potential of the ruthenium complex Bis(quinolin-8-olato)bis(triphenylphosphine)ruthenium(II) (Ru(quin)2) in ER-positive (T47D) and triple-negative (MDA-MB-231) BC cell lines. Results: Ru(quin)2 demonstrated dose-dependent cytotoxicity, with IC50 values of 48.3 μM in T47D cells and 45.5 μM in MDA-MB-231 cells. Its cytotoxic effects are primarily driven by apoptosis, as shown by increased BAX expression, enhanced caspase-3 activity, reduced Aurora B kinase levels, and elevated histone release. Ru(quin)2 also induced autophagy, evidenced by LC3-I to LC3-II conversion and reduced SQSTM1, partially mediated through MAPK signaling. Furthermore, Ru(quin)2 induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest by downregulating cyclin D1, CDK4, and CDK6, alongside upregulation of the CDK inhibitor p21. Conclusions: Ru(quin)2 emerges as a potent candidate for BC treatment, with multiple mechanisms of action involving apoptosis, autophagy, and cell cycle arrest. Further studies are warranted to elucidate its detailed molecular mechanisms and evaluate its therapeutic potential in vivo, moving toward clinical applications for both ER-positive and triple-negative BC management. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research on the Relationship between Diet and Cancer Development)
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11 pages, 785 KiB  
Article
Protective Effect of Extra Virgin Olive Oil on Cancers, Gastrointestinal Cancers, and All-Cause Mortality: A Competing Risk Analysis in a Southern Italian Cohort
by Caterina Bonfiglio, Rosa Reddavide, Anna Maria Cisternino, Angelo Campanella, Luigi Fontana and Gianluigi Giannelli
Cancers 2024, 16(21), 3575; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16213575 - 23 Oct 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3561
Abstract
Background/Objectives: This study investigates the association between extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) consumption and mortality risk in a cohort of Italian adults adhering to the Mediterranean diet. Methods: In a 17-year follow-up study involving participants from Castellana Grotte, Italy (2005–2023), we analyzed dietary [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: This study investigates the association between extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) consumption and mortality risk in a cohort of Italian adults adhering to the Mediterranean diet. Methods: In a 17-year follow-up study involving participants from Castellana Grotte, Italy (2005–2023), we analyzed dietary intake and mortality data. Participants were categorized into three EVOO consumption groups: <30 g/day, 30–50 g/day, and >50 g/day. Mortality Hazard Ratios (HR) and Subdistribution Hazard Ratios (SHR) were calculated to assess the relationship between EVOO intake and all-cause and cancer mortality. Results: Higher EVOO consumption was associated with significantly reduced cancer and all-cause mortality. Specifically, the daily intake of 30–50 g of EVOO was linked to a 24% lower risk of all-cause mortality (HR 0.77; 95% CI 0.63–0.93), while the consumption of more than 50 g/day was associated with a 20% reduction (HR 0.80; 95% CI 0.65–0.98). The most pronounced benefit was observed for gastrointestinal cancers, with a 60% lower mortality risk for those consuming over 50 g/day (SHR 0.39; 95% CI 0.21–0.73). A 50% reduction in mortality risk from other cancers was also noted for the highest consumption category (SHR 0.50; 95% CI 0.31–0.81). Conclusions: The findings support the beneficial role of EVOO in reducing cancer mortality, particularly with higher consumption levels. The results underscore EVOO’s potential as a dietary intervention for cancer prevention, aligning with the Mediterranean diet’s overall health benefits. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and explore the underlying mechanisms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research on the Relationship between Diet and Cancer Development)
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Review

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20 pages, 1390 KiB  
Review
Spontaneous Tumor Regression and Reversion: Insights and Associations with Reduced Dietary Phosphate
by Ronald B. Brown
Cancers 2024, 16(11), 2126; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16112126 - 3 Jun 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3711
Abstract
Tumors that spontaneously shrink from unknown causes in tumor regression, and that return to normal cells in tumor reversion, are phenomena with the potential to contribute new knowledge and novel therapies for cancer patient survival. Tumorigenesis is associated with dysregulated phosphate metabolism and [...] Read more.
Tumors that spontaneously shrink from unknown causes in tumor regression, and that return to normal cells in tumor reversion, are phenomena with the potential to contribute new knowledge and novel therapies for cancer patient survival. Tumorigenesis is associated with dysregulated phosphate metabolism and an increased transport of phosphate into tumor cells, potentially mediated by phosphate overload from excessive dietary phosphate intake, a significant problem in Western societies. This paper proposes that reduced dietary phosphate overload and reregulated phosphate metabolism may reverse an imbalance of kinases and phosphatases in cell signaling and cellular proliferation, thereby activating autophagy in tumor regression and reversion. Dietary phosphate can also be reduced by sickness-associated anorexia, fasting-mimicking diets, and other diets low in phosphate, all of which have been associated with tumor regression. Tumor reversion has also been demonstrated by transplanting cancer cells into a healthy microenvironment, plausibly associated with normal cellular phosphate concentrations. Evidence also suggests that the sequestration and containment of excessive phosphate within encapsulated tumors is protective in cancer patients, preventing the release of potentially lethal amounts of phosphate into the general circulation. Reducing dietary phosphate overload has the potential to provide a novel, safe, and effective reversion therapy for cancer patients, and further research is warranted. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research on the Relationship between Diet and Cancer Development)
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