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Cancers
Special Issues
Pediatric Cancers: Insights and Novel Therapeutic Approaches
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Pediatric Cancers: Insights and Novel Therapeutic Approaches

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Therapy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (24 December 2024) | Viewed by 4152

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Saurabh Agarwal

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, New York, NY 11439, USA
Interests: pediatric cancers; neuroblastoma; cancer stem cells; metastasis; signaling pathways in cancer; immunotherapy; epigenetics; genetics; small molecule inhibitors; translational therapeutics; p53-myc interaction
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are delighted to announce that Cancers is now accepting submissions for its upcoming Special issue, entitled ‘Pediatric Cancers: Insights and Novel Therapeutic Approaches’. You are invited to contribute your valuable research findings and insights to this publication.

Childhood cancer or pediatric cancer is among the leading causes of death among children. Current therapeutic regimens are known to develop highly toxic and long-lasting side effects in childhood cancer survivors, including secondary cancers. Despite intensive therapeutic regimens, cancer may still relapse as refractory and metastatic cancer. Therefore, a more extensive understanding of the causes of different pediatric cancers, mechanisms of drug resistance, and causes of relapse and metastasis, is required to develop and advance less toxic and more effective therapeutic strategies to treat pediatric cancers with.

This Special Issue aims to compile groundbreaking research and comprehensive reviews on various aspects of pediatric oncology, especially translational research, and emerging therapies for all pediatric malignancies. We invite authors to contribute original research articles, review articles, and perspectives, focusing on different aspects of pediatric cancer development, its causes, potential therapeutic strategies, and experimental targeted therapeutic approaches. We will not consider clinical case reports or clinical trial reports. All submissions will undergo a rigorous peer-review process by our panel of experts to ensure the highest standards of scientific integrity and quality. We look forward to receiving your contributions and collaborating with you to advance the frontiers of pediatric oncology. Should you have any queries or require further information, please do not hesitate to contact the editorial team of Cancers. The articles collected in this Special Issue will further enhance our knowledge and understanding of pediatric cancers and drive the development of novel therapeutic strategies.

Thank you for your valuable contributions to the field of pediatric oncology.

Sincerely,

Dr. Saurabh Agarwal
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • pediatric cancer
  • immunotherapy
  • tumorigenesis
  • metastasis
  • relapse
  • small molecule inhibitors
  • therapeutics
  • chemotherapy
  • cell signaling
  • epigenetics

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 1170 KiB  
Article
Proteomic Profiling of Cerebrospinal Fluid and Its Extracellular Vesicles from Extraventricular Drainage in Pediatric Pilocytic Astrocytoma, towards Precision Oncology
by Sonia Spinelli, Xhuliana Kajana, Andrea Garbarino, Martina Bartolucci, Andrea Petretto, Marco Pavanello, Enrico Verrina, Giovanni Candiano, Isabella Panfoli and Maurizio Bruschi
Cancers 2024, 16(6), 1223; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16061223 - 20 Mar 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1983
Abstract
Pediatric pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) is the most common brain tumor in children. Complete resection provides a favorable prognosis, except for unresectable PA forms. There is an incomplete understanding of the molecular and cellular pathogenesis of PA. Potential biomarkers for PA patients, especially the [...] Read more.
Pediatric pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) is the most common brain tumor in children. Complete resection provides a favorable prognosis, except for unresectable PA forms. There is an incomplete understanding of the molecular and cellular pathogenesis of PA. Potential biomarkers for PA patients, especially the non-BRAF-mutated ones are needed. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a valuable source of brain tumor biomarkers. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), circulating in CSF, express valuable disease targets. These can be isolated from CSF from waste extraventricular drainage (EVD). We analyzed the proteome of EVD CSF from PA, congenital hydrocephalus (CH, non-tumor control), or medulloblastoma (MB, unrelated tumoral control) patients. A total of 3072 proteins were identified, 47.1%, 65.6%, and 86.2% of which were expressed in the unprocessed total and in its large-EV (LEV), and small-EV (SEV) fractions. Bioinformatics identified 50 statistically significant proteins in the comparison between PA and HC, and PA and MB patients, in the same fractions. Kinase enrichment analysis predicted five enriched kinases involved in signaling. Among these, only Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) kinase was overexpressed in PA samples. PLS-DA highlighted the inactive carboxypeptidase-like protein X2 (CPXM2) and aquaporin-4 (AQP4) as statistically significant in all the comparisons, with CPXM2 being overexpressed (validated by ELISA and Western blot) and AQP4 downregulated in PA. These proteins were considered the most promising potential biomarkers for discriminating among pilocytic astrocytoma and unrelated tumoral (MB) or non-tumoral conditions in all the fractions examined, and are proposed to be prospectively validated in the plasma for translational medicine applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pediatric Cancers: Insights and Novel Therapeutic Approaches)
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Review

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11 pages, 1403 KiB  
Review
Clinical Trials of Focused Ultrasound for Brain Tumors
by Victor M. Lu and Toba N. Niazi
Cancers 2025, 17(3), 513; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17030513 - 4 Feb 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1215
Abstract
Background: It is unclear as to where we stand with respect to utilizing emerging focused ultrasound (FUS) technology in the setting of brain tumor treatment in pediatric patients, such as malignant diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma, and various adult counterparts. Correspondingly, the aim of [...] Read more.
Background: It is unclear as to where we stand with respect to utilizing emerging focused ultrasound (FUS) technology in the setting of brain tumor treatment in pediatric patients, such as malignant diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma, and various adult counterparts. Correspondingly, the aim of this study was to present a contemporary summary of all pertinent clinical trials to date. Methods: The ClinicalTrials.gov database was reviewed in January 2025 for all possible clinical trials involving FUS in the management of brain tumors. These were then screened against selection criteria to identify pertinent clinical trials. Results: A total of 30 clinical trials were identified. The majority were focused on adult patients (24/30, 80%), with the most common tumor type being glioblastoma (GBM) (14/30, 47%). There were also trials focused on pediatric patients only (5/30, 17%), as well as diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) (5/30, 17%). The most prevalent primary outcome of interest was safety (26/30, 87%). The majority of trials were active, either recruiting currently (12/30, 40%), or active but not recruiting currently (3/30, 10%). North America (22/30, 73%) was the most common location for the primary coordinating institution, and the median number of institutions per trial was one. The median expected start year for all trials was 2021, and the completion year was 2024. To date, there have been no results (interim or final) formally reported, although preliminary reports in the literature indicate this to be a safe procedure. Anecdotal trends suggest later trials target the blood-brain barrier more, involve more pediatric patients, and are more based in the United States. Conclusion: There exists a number of early-stage clinical trials investigating FUS to treat a variety of brain tumors in pediatric patients, as well as adult patients, with a significant clinical potential to improve outcomes. To date, no official results have been published, however anecdotal evidence is promising, and a number of results are expected soon. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pediatric Cancers: Insights and Novel Therapeutic Approaches)
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