Intelligent Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Methodologies in Building and Construction Management

A special issue of Buildings (ISSN 2075-5309). This special issue belongs to the section "Construction Management, and Computers & Digitization".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2023) | Viewed by 68688

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Applied mathematics, Ayandegan Institute of Higher Education, Tonekabon, Iran
Interests: uncertainty; decision theory and method; multicriteria decision making; operation research; soft computing; comptational modelling
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Decision making is a key factor for achieving success in any discipline, especially in a field which requires handling large amounts of information and knowledge in building and construction management. Most construction processes and procedures are a compendium of many different tasks, processes, and requirements, involving a great variety of factors and aspects to consider. In this manner, making decisions in such environments can often be an arduous and difficult operation. For these reasons, the need for a mechanism capable of assisting the characterization of such complex scenarios arises. Multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) has emerged as a subdiscipline of operations research destined to facilitate the resolution of these issues. Moreover, due to the increasing uncertainty and complexity of objective characteristics, great attention has been paid to studying the application of MCDM in uncertain environments.

The main aim of this Special Issue is to explore the recent challenges and developments of intelligent MCDM approaches in buildings and construction management. Topics include but are not limited to:

  • Decision analysis
  • Uncertainty in MCDM
  • New modeling in MCDM
  • Measurement of performance in construction
  • Building information modeling
  • Reliability and maintenance engineering
  • Transportation and logistics insights through MCDM
  • Application of MCDM in building and construction management

Dr. S.A. Edalatpanah
Prof. Dr. Jurgita Antucheviciene
Guest Editors

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Buildings is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • multiple-criteria decision-making
  • multi attribute decision making
  • multi-objective modelling
  • performance evaluation
  • building management
  • construction
  • uncertainty
  • optimization

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Published Papers (28 papers)

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Research

28 pages, 18933 KiB  
Article
A Study on Sustainable Design of Traditional Tujia Village Architecture in Southwest Hubei, China
by Di Wang, Xiaodong Wei, Xiangqi Yan and Osama Sohaib
Buildings 2024, 14(1), 128; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14010128 - 3 Jan 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1604
Abstract
The rapid urbanization in China in the past four decades has significantly affected traditional villages, resulting in a series of problems such as limited space, damaged style, weak sense of place, and loss of skills. This paper aims to establish a new paradigm [...] Read more.
The rapid urbanization in China in the past four decades has significantly affected traditional villages, resulting in a series of problems such as limited space, damaged style, weak sense of place, and loss of skills. This paper aims to establish a new paradigm for the sustainable development of village architecture in the Tujia ethnic area of southwestern Hubei province in order to address the issues of development and renovation of village architecture in this region. To achieve this goal, first, through field investigations and records of typical villages in the Tujia ethnic area of southwestern Hubei province, the characteristics of Tujia ethnic villages and the real challenges faced by village architecture are summarized. Secondly, the Delphi method is used to conduct expert interviews, construct a multi-level evaluation index system for sustainable development, and use the analytic hierarchy process to determine the weights of each index. Based on this, four design paradigms for sustainable development are proposed, including flexible layout, integrated interface composition, localized housing construction, and modular unit construction. These four paradigms cover the entire design stage from function to form, and from overall scene to structure. At the same time, multiple modular options are provided for each stage. Compared to the traditional experience-based construction model, the comprehensive benefits and promotability are greatly improved. Therefore, the research findings provide a reference for the sustainable development of traditional village architecture in other ethnic areas of China. Full article
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21 pages, 843 KiB  
Article
Prioritizing Indicators for Material Selection in Prefabricated Wooden Construction
by Matheus R. Cabral and Pierre Blanchet
Buildings 2024, 14(1), 63; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14010063 - 25 Dec 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1368
Abstract
Material selection in buildings profoundly affects project success, encompassing durability, maintenance, customer satisfaction, production systems, lifecycle, usage, environment, and costs. Yet, there is a need for further research on indicators for choosing materials in prefabricated buildings. Therefore, this study’s main objective was to [...] Read more.
Material selection in buildings profoundly affects project success, encompassing durability, maintenance, customer satisfaction, production systems, lifecycle, usage, environment, and costs. Yet, there is a need for further research on indicators for choosing materials in prefabricated buildings. Therefore, this study’s main objective was to identify the indicators (criteria and sub-criteria) for selecting materials for prefabricated wooden construction and, subsequently, categorize these criteria and sub-criteria based on the perspective of industry professionals. To achieve this goal, three phases were carried out. First, a literature review was conducted to identify potential criteria for choosing structural and envelope materials in wooden prefabricated buildings. Second, a pilot survey was conducted in Canada and the United States to classify the priority order of the criteria obtained from the literature based on professionals’ opinions. Finally, Monte Carlo simulations were conducted with different iterations (1000, 10,000, and 100,000) using the data obtained from the previous phase to improve decision-making and classification processes. For the indicators to select materials, the literature review identified seven main criteria: performance properties, green materials, energy efficiency, circular economy, site conditions and material logistics, standards, and social impact. These criteria contained a total of 25 sub-criteria. The pilot survey data analysis demonstrated that the performance properties, site conditions and material logistics, and social impact criteria were consistently prioritized. The critical sub-criteria identified were fire resistance, watertightness, local availability, occupant health, and safety and protection. For the Monte Calo simulations, the predictions aligned with the pilot study, enhancing the robustness of the results. Full article
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18 pages, 1470 KiB  
Article
Analytical Hierarchical Process as a Multicriteria Decision Tool in Material Selection for Prefabricated Wood Buildings
by Matheus R. Cabral and Pierre Blanchet
Buildings 2023, 13(12), 2973; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13122973 - 29 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1146
Abstract
The popularity of prefabricated wooden buildings is increasing in North America, but choosing suitable materials for these structures can be complicated. This can lead to problems like financial losses, production delays, and lower quality. Therefore, the main goal of this study was to [...] Read more.
The popularity of prefabricated wooden buildings is increasing in North America, but choosing suitable materials for these structures can be complicated. This can lead to problems like financial losses, production delays, and lower quality. Therefore, the main goal of this study was to use the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) decision-making tool to rank the criteria for material selection for prefabricated wood buildings in Canada and the United States. The methodology involved surveys experts in the prefabricated wood construction industry from Canada and the United States. The data obtained from the questionnaires utilized for the AHP analysis were modeled using R programming language. The results revealed that for structural materials, the top five subcriteria were safety and security of building occupants (0.234), location, shape, and height of the building (0.218), comfort, satisfaction, and well-being of the building (0.155), occupant health (0.121), and availability of materials (0.098). For selecting envelope materials, the top five subcriteria were comfort, satisfaction, and well-being of the building (0.252), safety and security of building occupants (0.206), location, shape, and height of the building (0.178), occupant health (0.132), and availability of materials (0.078). Full article
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25 pages, 16393 KiB  
Article
Developing a Waterproofing Decision-Making Model for High-Rise Building Projects in the Tropics
by Helapura Nuwanshi Yasodara Senarathne, Ashan Senel Asmone and Michael Yit Lin Chew
Buildings 2023, 13(9), 2328; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13092328 - 13 Sep 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2008
Abstract
The most severe problem in high-rise structures is a failure to achieve watertightness. Since the presence of water in a structure can have a detrimental impact, adequate consideration must be taken when selecting a suitable waterproofing system based on several factors. As a [...] Read more.
The most severe problem in high-rise structures is a failure to achieve watertightness. Since the presence of water in a structure can have a detrimental impact, adequate consideration must be taken when selecting a suitable waterproofing system based on several factors. As a result, this research aims to examine the factors that affect the selection of the best waterproofing solution in high-rise building projects in the tropics. Preliminary observations were conducted to investigate typically occurring issues with high-rise buildings which contain commercial, office, and residential facilities. Data were collected through questionnaire surveys and semi-structured interviews with professionals in the waterproofing industry. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the issues concerning waterproofing and suggests an effective solution for the same. The assessment of the best waterproofing selection criterion was analyzed by incorporating the Best Worst Method (BWM). Based on the global ranking reached, the decision-making framework was developed, and three main specifications, technical, construction, and product, were suggested to select an ideal waterproofing solution. This study provides insightful guidance for professionals in the waterproofing industry and their clientele towards an optimal solution, facilitating informed decision-making processes. Full article
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20 pages, 3567 KiB  
Article
BIM Impact on Construction Project Time Using System Dynamics in Saudi Arabia’s Construction
by Aljawharah A. Alnaser, Naif M. Alsanabani and Khalid S. Al-Gahtani
Buildings 2023, 13(9), 2267; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13092267 - 6 Sep 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3256
Abstract
Construction delays are a prevalent issue worldwide, and Saudi Arabia is just a short distance from this experience. Although the Saudi construction industry was booming due to Vision 2030, major delays were recorded in numerous construction projects, resulting in extra costs and schedule [...] Read more.
Construction delays are a prevalent issue worldwide, and Saudi Arabia is just a short distance from this experience. Although the Saudi construction industry was booming due to Vision 2030, major delays were recorded in numerous construction projects, resulting in extra costs and schedule overruns. Studies on Building Information Modeling (BIM) have increased recently due to their crucial role in managing construction projects. However, more efforts need to be made to define the impact value of adopting BIM using advanced techniques such as System Dynamics (SD). It also aims to demonstrate the BIM impacts globally to encourage taking advantage of such a system. Limited papers studied BIM impact in-depth using advanced techniques such as SD. Thus, A questionnaire was distributed to fifty-nine experts to measure the extent of BIM’s influence on the ten factors affecting project delay times discovered in the literature. The statistical analysis results were used to calculate each factor’s relative importance index (RII), compare them to the results obtained without BIM use, and calculate the relative difference for each factor. These relative differences were considered in the modified SD. The modified SD was applied to a case study representing an academic building in the King Saud University campus. The main finding revealed that BIM decreased construction project delays by 14.55%. In addition, this study found that BIM has a maximum influence on poor site management and supervision by contractors, with a reduction percentage of 17.65%, and a minimum influence on lack of contractor experience and managerial skills, with 11.76%. The SD analysis results confirmed that BIM has a significant impact on reducing construction project delays. Full article
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13 pages, 4220 KiB  
Article
The Safe Load-Bearing Capacity of Railway Tunnel Linings under High-Pressure and Water-Rich Conditions
by Yanna Ma, Zhenyu Wang and Dan Wang
Buildings 2023, 13(9), 2154; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13092154 - 25 Aug 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 764
Abstract
High water pressure has been identified as the direct cause of water seepage problems in tunnels. Consequently, it is imperative to ascertain the safety load-bearing limits of tunnel linings in high-pressure, water-rich strata. In this study, FLAC3D (V5.0) numerical simulation software was employed [...] Read more.
High water pressure has been identified as the direct cause of water seepage problems in tunnels. Consequently, it is imperative to ascertain the safety load-bearing limits of tunnel linings in high-pressure, water-rich strata. In this study, FLAC3D (V5.0) numerical simulation software was employed to establish seepage models of tunnels under high-pressure, water-rich conditions, taking an actual engineering project as a reference. The hydrostatic pressure on tunnel linings under various conditions, including different permeability coefficients of the surrounding rock, grouting rings, levels of the water table, and coordinates of lining positions, was computed. By extracting the results of these simulations, correlations between lining water pressure and various parameters were analyzed, and preliminary hydrostatic pressure calculation formulas were deduced. Through regression analysis using SPSS (19.0) software, a general calculation formula for lining water pressure was derived. Given similar surrounding rock conditions, it was revealed that railway tunnel lining types adhere to a universal standard. The calculation formula for lining water pressure, when integrated with lithostatic pressure in the seepage model, facilitates the computation of the maximum pressure head that the tunnel lining can withstand under different conditions. A tabulation summarizing safe water head heights under various conditions is also presented, which enables rapid consultation of the safe load-bearing range of tunnel lining under corresponding conditions. This study provides a new calculation method for the lining water pressure of a water-rich railway tunnel, filling the literature gap. The safe tunnel head query table provides a new research approach for the design of water-rich tunnels. The research method in this article is rare in the literature, and the research approach has obvious innovations. The findings of this study have the potential to provide a theoretical foundation and data reference for the structural design of tunnel linings and the remediation of related issues. Full article
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16 pages, 1507 KiB  
Article
Enhancing the Vulnerability Assessment of Rainwater Pipe Networks: An Advanced Fuzzy Borda Combination Evaluation Approach
by Fang He, Shuliang Cheng and Jing Zhu
Buildings 2023, 13(6), 1396; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13061396 - 27 May 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1085
Abstract
A vulnerability assessment system for rainwater pipe networks, comprising 13 indexes, was developed to facilitate the rational allocation and timely updating of urban storm drainage systems. An enhanced Borda combination evaluation method, which considers both the optimal and worst solutions, was proposed, accompanied [...] Read more.
A vulnerability assessment system for rainwater pipe networks, comprising 13 indexes, was developed to facilitate the rational allocation and timely updating of urban storm drainage systems. An enhanced Borda combination evaluation method, which considers both the optimal and worst solutions, was proposed, accompanied by the operation procedure and numerical calculation method. Five stormwater systems in Central China were selected as case studies, and their vulnerability was evaluated and compared using five distinct evaluation methods: the entropy weight method, the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), the efficacy coefficient method, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, and the improved fuzzy Borda combination evaluation method. The results demonstrated that the correlation coefficients between the fuzzy Borda combination evaluation method and the four individual evaluation methods were equal to or greater than 0.88, indicating strong agreement. Additionally, the compatibility of the combination evaluation method was found to be 0.96. This study holds both theoretical significance and practical value for preventing urban waterlogging and contributes to the development of more resilient urban storm drainage systems. Full article
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16 pages, 4877 KiB  
Article
Neutrosophic Autocratic Multi-Attribute Decision-Making Strategies for Building Material Supplier Selection
by Amirhossein Nafei, Chien-Yi Huang, Shu-Chuan Chen, Kuang-Zong Huo, Yi-Ching Lin and Hadi Nasseri
Buildings 2023, 13(6), 1373; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13061373 - 24 May 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1260
Abstract
Because of the intricate nature of real-world scenarios, experts could encounter many ambiguities throughout the decision-making (DM) process. Adopting a DM strategy in conditions of indeterminacy so that the decision makers are limited to a small number of experts is always helpful in [...] Read more.
Because of the intricate nature of real-world scenarios, experts could encounter many ambiguities throughout the decision-making (DM) process. Adopting a DM strategy in conditions of indeterminacy so that the decision makers are limited to a small number of experts is always helpful in real life. Neutrosophic conception is a convenient technique for handling inconsistent, ambiguous, and uncertain values. This research presents an autocratic DM strategy based on Neutrosophic Sets (NSs) to address these ambiguities. The essential component of the suggested technique is the conversion of diverse management decision and weight matrices into a unified evaluation matrix. Supplier Selection (SS) is a multi-criteria decision-making problem where a limited number of alternative suppliers are evaluated using a limited set of criteria. The suggested methodology based on different score functions is applied to SS issues involving construction materials. The numerical illustrations indicate the success of the introduced method in selecting the best supplier with the least computational complexity. The important point obtained in this research is that adopting a suitable score function appropriate to the characteristics of the data plays an important role in the decision-making process. Full article
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17 pages, 2604 KiB  
Article
Improving School Reconstruction Projects Satisfaction Outcomes Using Fuzzy Quality Function Deployment (FQFD)
by Wei-Tong Chen, Ferdinan Nikson Liem, Chih-Han Kao, Muhammad Mubasher and Kao-Hung Lin
Buildings 2023, 13(5), 1239; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13051239 - 9 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2720
Abstract
School buildings and facilities constitute essential educational infrastructure and have a formative impact on the safety, development, and socialization of students. However, many existing school buildings are increasingly aging and deteriorating, requiring urgent refurbishment, raising the need to assess and develop a quality [...] Read more.
School buildings and facilities constitute essential educational infrastructure and have a formative impact on the safety, development, and socialization of students. However, many existing school buildings are increasingly aging and deteriorating, requiring urgent refurbishment, raising the need to assess and develop a quality function to propose strategies for improved school building reconstruction. Apart from the initial planning phase, the reconstruction design process usually requires detailed information regarding owner/user demands and is often presented in terms of user dissatisfaction. This paper applies fuzzy quality function deployment (FQFD) to transform actual user needs into an improved technical strategy that can be realized by the design unit through the sequence of the matrix method. The resulting framework identifies a total of eight major components of user dissatisfaction, along with three key school-design improvement strategies, including the use of environmentally sound materials, overall quality of design and planning, and playground planning. In terms of technology improvement strategies, the prioritized design improvement strategies for increasing school reconstruction satisfaction include considerations of practicality and constructability, planning use points and maintenance methods, designing the site according to the local terrain, and using materials that match the layout of the environment. The approach proposed in this study can be used to enhance the efficiency of the reconstruction of aging buildings and the research results can also augment ontological knowledge on the reconstruction of aging campus buildings. Full article
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12 pages, 2868 KiB  
Article
Explainable Artificial Intelligence for Ancient Architecture and Lacquer Art
by Xuejie Jiang, Siti Norlizaiha Harun and Linyu Liu
Buildings 2023, 13(5), 1213; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13051213 - 4 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2094
Abstract
This research investigates the use of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) in ancient architecture and lacquer art. The aim is to create accurate and interpretable models to reveal these cultural artefacts’ underlying design principles and techniques. To achieve this, machine learning and data-driven techniques [...] Read more.
This research investigates the use of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) in ancient architecture and lacquer art. The aim is to create accurate and interpretable models to reveal these cultural artefacts’ underlying design principles and techniques. To achieve this, machine learning and data-driven techniques are employed, which provide new insights into their construction and preservation. The study emphasises the importance of transparent and trustworthy AI systems, which can enhance the reliability and credibility of the results. The developed model outperforms CNN-based emotion recognition and random forest models in all four evaluation metrics, achieving an impressive accuracy of 92%. This research demonstrates the potential of XAI to support the study and conservation of ancient architecture and lacquer art, opening up new avenues for interdisciplinary research and collaboration. Full article
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33 pages, 2809 KiB  
Article
Occupational Hazards Evaluation in Residential Construction Projects: Novel Sorting Methods Based on q-Rung Orthopair Fuzzy Choquet Integral
by Raul Guinitaran, Hana Astrid Canseco-Tuñacao, Marlito Patunob, Gilbert Silagpo, Cheryl Ann Villamor, Rica Villarosa, Joerabell Lourdes Aro, Samantha Shane Evangelista and Lanndon Ocampo
Buildings 2023, 13(5), 1129; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13051129 - 23 Apr 2023
Viewed by 3436
Abstract
Despite multiple efforts to improve safety in construction, insufficient hazard identification remains a significant concern. Failure to address these hazards can lead to severe safety incidents that harm workers and a firm’s reputation. This problem is especially prevalent in construction small and medium [...] Read more.
Despite multiple efforts to improve safety in construction, insufficient hazard identification remains a significant concern. Failure to address these hazards can lead to severe safety incidents that harm workers and a firm’s reputation. This problem is especially prevalent in construction small and medium enterprises (SMEs) due to their limited resources, reliance on manual labor, and lack of technical expertise regarding safety concerns. Thus, this study addresses the gap by offering a computational framework that provides a comprehensive evaluation of occupational hazards, considering multiple factors, such as severity, frequency of occurrence, and the likelihood of detection, which are risk dimensions of failure mode effect analysis (FMEA). Notwithstanding the FMEA-based evaluation methods for safety evaluation in the construction sector, drawbacks attributed to the interdependencies of the risk dimensions and the handling of judgment uncertainties are evident. In this work, an extension of the FMEA is developed that assigns an occupational hazard to a risk category under a holistic framework that better addresses the current limitations of the FMEA. In particular, the study offers a two-fold contribution: (1) putting forward the proposed Choquet–FMEA–Sort methods under a q-rung orthopair fuzzy set (q-ROFS) environment and (2) demonstrating an actual case study in the Philippines that comprehensively evaluates occupational hazards in construction SMEs. Results of a demonstrative case of residential construction projects show that out of the 26 identified occupational hazards, 18 pose a high risk to workers, while the remaining eight pose a moderate risk. High-risk occupational hazards require more attention for mitigation efforts, especially in residential construction SMEs facing resource constraints. The computational framework offered in this work aids decision-makers in identifying high-risk occupational hazards in a more systematic approach. The robustness and stability of the proposed methods were tested using layers of sensitivity and comparative analyses. Full article
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17 pages, 5545 KiB  
Article
Experimental Study on Long-Term Performance of Concrete T-Beam
by Jinquan Zhang, Ping Fan and Shoushan Cheng
Buildings 2023, 13(4), 1005; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13041005 - 11 Apr 2023
Viewed by 1410
Abstract
In recent years, long-span concrete bridges that have been built frequently expose the problems of excessive deflection and concrete cracking, which even lead to bridge collapse in serious cases. The reason is that, in addition to the insufficient estimation of creep and long-term [...] Read more.
In recent years, long-span concrete bridges that have been built frequently expose the problems of excessive deflection and concrete cracking, which even lead to bridge collapse in serious cases. The reason is that, in addition to the insufficient estimation of creep and long-term deflection in current regulations, the rapid growth of traffic volume and the tight use of early-age concrete in construction schedules also have a great impact on long-term deflection. However, at present, the calculation methods of long-term performance are mostly based on the results of material performance tests. However, there are relatively few studies that take bridge components as research objects and consider the influence of load and age factors. The long-term performance of concrete beams is examined and the calculation methods of long-term performance are given by considering various loading levels and ages. Specimens are fabricated using a 1:4 scale model of a standard T-beam with a length of 20 m to conduct the experiment. Based on the long-term observation of the test beam, the variation laws of the mid-span deflection of the concrete T-beam and the concrete strain in the compression zone with time are obtained under the aforementioned conditions. Following a comparative analysis of experimental results with computational results based on existing studies and relevant national and international codes, this study proposes and discusses a set of formulas for the assessment of shrinkage and creep. The obtained creep coefficient test results fall between the values of the Chinese specification and those of AASHTO, where ASSTO is the lower limit and the Chinese specification is the upper limit. The long-term deflection is as follows: 40% of the one-year value at one month, 66% of the one-year value at three months, and 80% of the one-year value at six months. However, the long-term deflection coefficient of beams with an early loading age is larger than the current standard, and the deflection coefficient of T-beams with three-day loading age reaches 6.0. We compare and discuss the test results with the calculation results and related codes obtained in different studies conducted at home and abroad. Based on our present findings, we propose formulas for shrinkage and creep evaluations. Full article
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21 pages, 987 KiB  
Article
An Integrated Multi-Criteria Decision Model to Select Sustainable Construction Projects under Intuitionistic Fuzzy Conditions
by Sina Salimian, Seyed Meysam Mousavi, Laura Tupenaite and Jurgita Antucheviciene
Buildings 2023, 13(4), 848; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13040848 - 23 Mar 2023
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2199
Abstract
Choosing a proper construction project is a vital subject for entrepreneurs to reduce their costs. In real cases, vagueness and uncertain data drive decisions based on uncertainty. The intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs) theory could assist decision-makers (DMs) in inscribing inadequate knowledge. Nevertheless, this [...] Read more.
Choosing a proper construction project is a vital subject for entrepreneurs to reduce their costs. In real cases, vagueness and uncertain data drive decisions based on uncertainty. The intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs) theory could assist decision-makers (DMs) in inscribing inadequate knowledge. Nevertheless, this paper provides a new integrated decision analysis model with IFSs. The suggested procedure includes a new decision flow under uncertain situations to define the significance of criteria. In this regard, the weighting of subjective DMs is required for this manner; the only input data needed are an alternative evaluation matrix. Then, a case study on sustainable energy project selection is explained to show the purpose of the suggested model. In this regard, four main criteria, technological, economic, social, and environmental, and seven alternatives from different kinds of energies are introduced to select the appropriate energy project. In this model, the weights of criteria are defined based on a new combined method based on two CRITIC and ideal points approaches. The proposed soft computing model computed the ranking of main alternatives by integrating the ARAS and EDAS approaches; the final outcomes indicate that the second alternative has higher values than other alternatives concerning nuclear energy. Afterward, sensitivity and comparative analyses are generated to determine the efficiency and validity of the proposed model. The sensitivity analysis changes the criteria weights. The comparative analysis compares the IF-TOPSIS method and the proposed model and computes the different degrees to confirm the efficiency of the introduced soft computing model. Full article
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23 pages, 562 KiB  
Article
Project Management Maturity in Renovation and Remodelling Construction Firms
by Filipe Machado, Nelson Duarte and António Amaral
Buildings 2023, 13(2), 557; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13020557 - 17 Feb 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1920
Abstract
Project Management Maturity Models (PMMM) are considered practical tools to deal with poor Project Management (PM) performance, an issue that concerns academics and practitioners. However, the models that exist are something close to “one size fits all”. This means that those models might [...] Read more.
Project Management Maturity Models (PMMM) are considered practical tools to deal with poor Project Management (PM) performance, an issue that concerns academics and practitioners. However, the models that exist are something close to “one size fits all”. This means that those models might not be suitable for activity sectors with specific requirements, such as construction, in particular, the renovation and remodelling construction firms. The present research proposes a PMMM to assess the PM capabilities of Portuguese renovation and remodelling Project-Based Firms (PBF). To achieve this goal, the authors developed documental research, followed by exploratory research through qualitative analysis. The researchers conducted semi-structured interviews and performed a content analysis of the fully transcribed interviews. Compared with the literature review’s findings, qualitative analysis results made it possible to find closure on previous research that indicated two models to have the best fit for an assessment project on construction PBFs: the OPM3 from the PMI and the MMGP-Prado. Based on those findings, the latter has the best fit for an assessment project on construction PBF. However, the model needs adjustments to fit the Portuguese context of renovation and remodelling organisations. This article presents a new PMMM for Portuguese renovation and remodelling construction firms based on obtained results. Furthermore, regarding construction PM, this article is among the few that studied PMMM on renovation and remodelling construction companies. Unlike large construction companies, these are small organisations that academics do not target for research. Full article
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17 pages, 9969 KiB  
Article
A Study of Ornamental Craftsmanship in Doors and Windows of Hui-Style Architecture: The Huizhou Three Carvings (Brick, Stone, and Wood Carvings)
by Zihao Cao and Muhizam Bin Mustafa
Buildings 2023, 13(2), 351; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13020351 - 27 Jan 2023
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3621
Abstract
The ornamental craftsmanship of the doors and windows of Hui-style architecture demonstrates the centuries-old, intangible culture of Huizhou, of which the Huizhou three carvings (brick, stone, and wood carvings) have received increasing attention from researchers in recent years. This study aims to identify [...] Read more.
The ornamental craftsmanship of the doors and windows of Hui-style architecture demonstrates the centuries-old, intangible culture of Huizhou, of which the Huizhou three carvings (brick, stone, and wood carvings) have received increasing attention from researchers in recent years. This study aims to identify the characteristics of the Huizhou three carvings of doors and windows in Hui-style architecture in order to better preserve and develop this ornamental craftsmanship. To achieve this aim, an ethnographic design was used. The study found that the history, process, and location of Huizhou three carvings have obvious regional characteristics. This study can be useful for all stakeholders (scholars, architects, and craftsmen) in Hui-style architecture. Full article
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19 pages, 2130 KiB  
Article
Introduction of an Integrated System for Measuring the BSC and DEA-Based Performance of Social Systems Using Uncontrollable Factors: A Case Study of Shahriar Municipalities
by Yusof Chaharlang, Hamed Soleimani, Esmaeil Mehdizadeh and Alireza Alinezhad
Buildings 2023, 13(1), 242; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13010242 - 15 Jan 2023
Viewed by 1879
Abstract
Today, achieving managerial success and ongoing improvement depend greatly on the performance evaluation of service and economic units. On the other hand, we are aware that strategy is the primary driver of an organization’s long-term development and that, even if the right strategies [...] Read more.
Today, achieving managerial success and ongoing improvement depend greatly on the performance evaluation of service and economic units. On the other hand, we are aware that strategy is the primary driver of an organization’s long-term development and that, even if the right strategies are adopted, this effort will be ineffective if the strategy is not effectively executed. A balanced scorecard is an essential tool for strategy implementation. The network data envelopment analysis model, on the other hand, is recommended for the relative analysis and assessment of decision-making units in evaluating and improving the organizations’ performance with multiple inputs and outputs. The four components of the balanced scorecard are financial (retrospective indicators), and processes, customers, and learning and growth (prospective indicators). According to investigations, in addition to the four previously mentioned fields, a balanced scorecard for urban services (municipality) also encompasses the social responsibility field. In order to design performance evaluation indicators, this article attempted to use BSC while also attempting to evaluate performance using DEA. The Shahriar city municipal units of Ferdowsieh, Vahidie, Sabashahr, Shahedshahr, Andisheh, Baghestan, and Shahryar have all adopted this hybrid model. The findings indicate that the municipality of Andisheh city is efficient, while the remaining municipalities are inefficient. Nevertheless, the Baghestan municipality performs well and is effective in terms of social responsibilities. Full article
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19 pages, 2905 KiB  
Article
Identifying and Prioritizing the Challenges and Obstacles of the Green Supply Chain Management in the Construction Industry Using the Fuzzy BWM Method
by Sayyid Ali Banihashemi, Mohammad Khalilzadeh, Jurgita Antucheviciene and Seyyed Ahmad Edalatpanah
Buildings 2023, 13(1), 38; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13010038 - 24 Dec 2022
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 3347
Abstract
The construction supply chain network has been facing challenges in relation to reducing cost and delivery time, increasing the quality of the built assets, and reducing environmental pollution. These issues have caused contractors and project managers in this industry to note the concept [...] Read more.
The construction supply chain network has been facing challenges in relation to reducing cost and delivery time, increasing the quality of the built assets, and reducing environmental pollution. These issues have caused contractors and project managers in this industry to note the concept of green construction supply chain management (GCSCM). This study examined the most important challenges and barriers to the implementation of GSCM in the construction industry. In this paper, the components and sub-components of GCSCM were identified using the literature review and opinions of the experts according to the supply chain management. The opinions of construction experts and project managers were collected through focus group meetings. The components were categorized into five main and supporting groups, with “Green Design”, “Green Procurement”, and “Green Production” as the main components and “Green Management” and “Green Information” as the supporting components. Subsequently, the sub-components, in regard to each component, were distinguished. Finally, the fuzzy best–worst method (BWM) was utilized to determine the importance weights of the identified components and sub-components through the opinions of five experts with practical relevant experience. The findings of the fuzzy BWM method show that “Green Design” is the most important component, followed by “Green Management” and “Green Implementation”. Additionally, “Lack of designers, contractors and planners” was ranked the first among the identified sub-components. This paper can assist construction managers, contractors, and policymakers with finding and overcoming the barriers and obstacles of implementing GCSCM. Full article
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20 pages, 686 KiB  
Article
Identifying Effective Managerial Factors in Improving and Renovating Old Urban Tissues: A Case Study Approach
by Yu Cao, Fangyu Fu, Fatemeh Nejati, Samaneh Hoseinpoorian Chabok and Seyyed Ahmad Edalatpanah
Buildings 2022, 12(12), 2055; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12122055 - 23 Nov 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1605
Abstract
This paper attempts to identify the effective managerial factors in renovating old building tissues in a city in Iran (Langrud). The present research is practical in terms of purpose, and it is descriptive and contextual in terms of data collection. Furthermore, since this [...] Read more.
This paper attempts to identify the effective managerial factors in renovating old building tissues in a city in Iran (Langrud). The present research is practical in terms of purpose, and it is descriptive and contextual in terms of data collection. Furthermore, since this is a mixed research study from both the perspective of its nature and purpose, we conducted the study with both qualitative (interviews) and quantitative (questionnaires) methods. As the statistical population in the qualitative section consists of experts on improving worn-out tissues, we used an available sampling method and took into account the individuals’ characteristics in the sampling process. Seven managers, assistants, and engineers with more work experience than the rest of the managers and assistants were selected. During the quantitative phase, the population included all the municipality staff and the engineering system organization of Langrod city, which contains a total of 650 people. A total of 335 people were selected, and the questionnaire was distributed using Cochran’s formula. A semi-structured interview and a questionnaire were used as research tools distributed among participants. The validity and reliability of the questionnaires were determined based on existing standards. Additionally, the data were analyzed using Factor Analysis (FA), the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP), and Structural Equations Modeling. According to the results, the most effective managerial factors and indicators in the improvement and renovation of the city’s old tissues were related to resources. Next, attention to training, commitment to environmental assessment, idea creation, planning, management, technical factors, experience, attention to legal requirements, and attention to external factors are placed. Full article
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21 pages, 1636 KiB  
Article
Developing an Evaluation Model to Measure the Intelligence Level of Smart Industrial Parks
by Ailing Wang, Yixin Yang, Shaonan Sun, Yiming Zuo, Zhihui Wang and Haili Sun
Buildings 2022, 12(10), 1533; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12101533 - 26 Sep 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2015
Abstract
The intelligent development of smart industrial parks (SIPs) can not only promote the development of smart cities, but also promote the development of intelligent large-scale buildings. China is strengthening the construction of SIPs; however, the development of SIPs is limited. Due to different [...] Read more.
The intelligent development of smart industrial parks (SIPs) can not only promote the development of smart cities, but also promote the development of intelligent large-scale buildings. China is strengthening the construction of SIPs; however, the development of SIPs is limited. Due to different understandings of SIPs, the intelligence level of each SIP varies greatly. It is necessary to develop a SIP intelligence level assessment model to check these limitations. Most of the existing evaluations focus on the qualitative evaluation of the overall intelligence level of SIPs, ignoring the influence of each individual dimension. Therefore, this study used quantitative methods to measure the intelligence level of SIPs from the overall and dimensional levels. The evaluation method included five processes: (1) Classifying the intelligence level of SIPs through expert interviews; (2) Using the literature analysis method to identify various dimensions of the intelligence level; (3) Using literature analysis and expert interviews to determine the evaluation indicators (4) Weighting indicators based on correlation and induced ordered weighted average (IOWA) operator; (5) Using grey clustering analysis to calculate the overall intelligence performance of SIPs and each dimension. Finally, the developed model was verified by Z SIP. The analysis results show that the developed model can measure both overall and dimensional performance of SIPs, and demonstrated that enterprise information services, public information services, SIP security, and energy consumption monitoring platform construction make the greatest contributions to the improvement of the intelligence level. Our research results will help to improve the intelligence level of SIPs, and lay the foundation for the determination of the operating costs of SIPs and the formulation of national standards related to SIPs in the future. Full article
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21 pages, 5278 KiB  
Article
Seismic Performance of Eccentrical Braced Frame Retrofitted by Box Damper in Vertical Links
by Fei Miao, Faezeh Nejati, Sulima Ahmed Mohammed Zubair and Mona Elmahi Yassin
Buildings 2022, 12(10), 1506; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12101506 - 22 Sep 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1618
Abstract
Passive control methods reduced the vulnerability of structures to earthquakes by decreasing the seismic demand and improving structural plasticity. One of the passive control systems is the eccentrically braced frame with a vertical shear link (V-EBF). The present study aims to direct the [...] Read more.
Passive control methods reduced the vulnerability of structures to earthquakes by decreasing the seismic demand and improving structural plasticity. One of the passive control systems is the eccentrically braced frame with a vertical shear link (V-EBF). The present study aims to direct the damage to the absorbing plates of the vertical link beam to allow the structure’s appropriate seismic performance and reparability. Yielding dampers are one of the most widely used types in systems and can provide perfect vibration control if used optimally. Different types of dampers were introduced and used; how to use them depends on the shape and the way they connect to the structure. This research investigates a new type of damper called box damper, an improved type of shear panel damper. The improvement in the way of connecting to the braced frame and the ease of using this damper in different situations are the features of this new damper. This research investigated the mechanism of these yielding dampers in structures and their strengths and weaknesses. In the next step in this study, a V-EBF with plates of thickness 4, 6, and 8 mm was analysed in the finite element software ABAQUS using the nonlinear static analysis and cyclic loading conditions. Some examples of this damper were attached to the braced frames to investigate the effect of using this damper on the seismic behaviour of the braced structures. The results show that the shear link performs like an electrical fuse absorbing all damage and plastic hinges so that other elements of the braced frame remain in their nonlinear elastic region. By increasing the thickness of the damper from 2 to 8 mm, the resistance increased by two times, and the flexibility of the structure had a noticeable change with the rise in thickness from 2 mm to 8 mm. Ductility increased from 38 to 75 mm. Full article
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26 pages, 13394 KiB  
Article
A Study on the Optimization of Wind Environment of Existing Villa Buildings in Lingnan Area: A Case Study of Jiangmen’s “Yunshan Poetic” Moon Island Houses
by Zhaoming Du, Weihong Guo, Weicong Li and Xuyi Gao
Buildings 2022, 12(9), 1304; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12091304 - 25 Aug 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2267
Abstract
Effective natural ventilation reduces humidity, cools the space, and enhances thermal comfort. In light of the frequent ventilation issues in the Lingnan area, this research suggests a successful ventilation technique using Jiangmen’s “Yunshan Poetic” Moon Island houses as an example. With its symmetrical [...] Read more.
Effective natural ventilation reduces humidity, cools the space, and enhances thermal comfort. In light of the frequent ventilation issues in the Lingnan area, this research suggests a successful ventilation technique using Jiangmen’s “Yunshan Poetic” Moon Island houses as an example. With its symmetrical architectural layout of townhouses and its primary courtyard villa product, the community typifies the Lingnan area. First off, we discovered that the district’s average temperature is as high as 30.95 °C and its average humidity is as high as 83.592%RH using actual measurements and simulation of heat and humidity data. The district’s buildings’ issues with dampness, peeling walls, and substance mold are primarily caused by poor ventilation. Secondly, the PHOENICS program was used to provide efficient ventilation solutions for the following six aspects: external wind infusion organization, group orientation layout, planar grouping optimization, building façade combination, monolithic building openings, and indoor ventilation block. In order to determine if the technique is effective, the ventilation variables are compared before and after optimization using the Building Ventilation Effectiveness Test and Evaluation Criteria. The study concluded that the building’s architectural characteristics and the local climate have an impact on natural ventilation’s effectiveness. This serves as a guide for both the scientific layout development of future urban settlements and the optimization of ventilation of existing villa buildings in humid and hot areas. Full article
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16 pages, 16129 KiB  
Article
Comprehensive Evaluation of Very Thin Asphalt Overlays with Different Aggregate Gradations and Asphalt Materials Based on AHP and TOPSIS
by Qing Ai, Jingsong Huang, Shouji Du, Kun Yang and Hui Wang
Buildings 2022, 12(8), 1149; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12081149 - 1 Aug 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 1821
Abstract
Very thin asphalt overlays (VTAOs) have been widely used as a cost-effective preventive maintenance measure in various countries. However, because of the complex combinations of aggregate gradations and asphalt materials, the selection of VTAOs is an unsolved problem that is extremely important for [...] Read more.
Very thin asphalt overlays (VTAOs) have been widely used as a cost-effective preventive maintenance measure in various countries. However, because of the complex combinations of aggregate gradations and asphalt materials, the selection of VTAOs is an unsolved problem that is extremely important for pavement management authorities. Therefore, this study proposed a comprehensive evaluation method for VTAOs based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS). Three VTAO mixtures comprising different aggregate gradations (stone mastic asphalt (SMA), open-graded friction course (OGFC), and asphalt concrete (AC)) and different asphalt materials (organic silicon (OS) and styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS)) were investigated and preliminarily compared in the laboratory. Subsequently, four road performance indicators (pavement condition indicator, British pendulum number, texture depth, and international roughness index) were selected as the evaluation indices, and their weights were calculated using the AHP according to the questionnaires collected from specialists. Finally, the field test data of the road performance indicators with scale confusion were handled using TOPSIS, and the closeness was considered as the final evaluation criterion. The results indicated that the mixture of AC and SBS exhibited the best performance among the three investigated mixtures. Categorizing the evaluation indicators into two aspects—the strength aspect and the structural aspect—it is found that the strength aspect of a VTAO is mainly affected by the asphalt materials, whereas the structural aspect of a VTAO is mainly affected by the aggregate gradation. This study provides a practical method for evaluating the road performance of VTAO with diverse measurement indices, as well as a quantitative scope for the impacts of the aggregate gradation and asphalt materials on the road performance. Full article
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26 pages, 2192 KiB  
Article
Intelligent Novel IMF D-SWARA—Rough MARCOS Algorithm for Selection Construction Machinery for Sustainable Construction of Road Infrastructure
by Bojan Matić, Milan Marinković, Stanislav Jovanović, Siniša Sremac and Željko Stević
Buildings 2022, 12(7), 1059; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12071059 - 21 Jul 2022
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 1921
Abstract
The quality of road infrastructure largely depends on the quality of road construction and adequate construction machinery. In order to reduce uncertainties and improve the performance of road infrastructure, it is necessary to apply modern and appropriate construction machinery. The aim of this [...] Read more.
The quality of road infrastructure largely depends on the quality of road construction and adequate construction machinery. In order to reduce uncertainties and improve the performance of road infrastructure, it is necessary to apply modern and appropriate construction machinery. The aim of this study was to create a novel integrated multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) model for the selection of pavers for the middle category of roads. A total of 16 criteria were defined and then divided into four main groups, on the basis of which the performance of 12 pavers was evaluated. Improved Fuzzy Stepwise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (IMF SWARA) with D numbers (IMF D-SWARA) was extended to determine the significance of the criteria for the selection of construction machinery based on two groups of experts. Rough measurement of choices and their ranking as a compromise solution (R-MARCOS) was used to evaluate and rank the performance of construction machinery. The results show that three alternatives out of the set considered can satisfy defined requirements. After that, we performed a multi-phase validity test in which different values of criterion weights were simulated. A comparative analysis with seven other Rough MCDM methods was also created, and the Spearman’s correlation coefficient (SCC) and WS coefficient were calculated to determine the correlation of ranks for sensitivity analysis and comparative analysis. Thus, the obtained results were verified. Full article
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24 pages, 13830 KiB  
Article
Digital Twin for Xiegong’s Architectural Archaeological Research: A Case Study of Xuanluo Hall, Sichuan, China
by Jie Tan, Jie Leng, Xudong Zeng, Di Feng and Panliang Yu
Buildings 2022, 12(7), 1053; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12071053 - 20 Jul 2022
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 3542
Abstract
Xiegong is a unique element of Chinese historic buildings that could date the heritage dynasty. It is more complicated than the Dougong and represents a high level of artistic and structural achievement. Archaeological research on Xiegong is urgent due to the fast rate [...] Read more.
Xiegong is a unique element of Chinese historic buildings that could date the heritage dynasty. It is more complicated than the Dougong and represents a high level of artistic and structural achievement. Archaeological research on Xiegong is urgent due to the fast rate of erosion rate and the official record of only Dougong without Xiegong. With 3D survey technology, researchers can use 3D digital replicas to record and survey heritage buildings. However, the methodology of applying digital reproductions to facilitate archaeological research is unclear. A comprehensive approach to merging the digital twin into the chronology of forms was proposed based on a literature review of archaeological theory. This multi-methodological approach, including laser scanning, oblique photogrammetry, and BIM, was adopted to develop Xiegong’s architectural archaeology dating research. Using Xuanluo Hall, Sichuan, China, as an example, the site study verified the approach to ensure consistency between 2D and 3D expressions with geometry and semantics. The results indicate that, on the one hand, the digital twin process can help archaeologists recognize historical information. On the other hand, the results of their discrimination can be effectively recorded and easily queried, avoiding the shortcomings of traditional methods of information loss and dispersion. Full article
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18 pages, 3631 KiB  
Article
Assessing Risk Factors Affecting the Accuracy of Conceptual Cost Estimation in the Middle East
by Mohamed Abdel-Monem, Kareem Tarek Alshaer and Karim El-Dash
Buildings 2022, 12(7), 950; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12070950 - 4 Jul 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 4230
Abstract
The construction industry is subjected to more risk and uncertainty than many other industries, in addition to poor risk-tracking records. This usually causes the late completion of projects, surpassing their estimated budgets even without achieving the desired quality and operational requirements. This study [...] Read more.
The construction industry is subjected to more risk and uncertainty than many other industries, in addition to poor risk-tracking records. This usually causes the late completion of projects, surpassing their estimated budgets even without achieving the desired quality and operational requirements. This study first identified the most critical factors affecting the accuracy of cost estimates. A questionnaire has been designed and distributed to construction experts; the results indicated stakeholders’ perception to improve their cost estimation using a proper and predefined risk management plan. Following the respondents’ judgment, this study identified 51 risk factors and their potential root causes and presents a response plan for the most critical risks that might affect cost estimates to improve construction-industry performance. Then, a new simple model has been developed to analyze risk factors affecting the accuracy of conceptual cost estimates, from both clients’ and contractors’ perspectives. The developed model will provide the decision-makers with a list of risks accompanied by guidelines/response plans to mitigate their effect on project cost to help the estimators identify the most effective cost contingency against the project’s scope creep. Full article
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20 pages, 1016 KiB  
Article
Supplier Selection through Multicriteria Decision-Making Algorithmic Approach Based on Rough Approximation of Fuzzy Hypersoft Sets for Construction Project
by Atiqe Ur Rahman, Muhammad Saeed, Mazin Abed Mohammed, Arnab Majumdar and Orawit Thinnukool
Buildings 2022, 12(7), 940; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12070940 - 2 Jul 2022
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 2253
Abstract
The suppliers play a significant role in supply chain management. In supplier selection, factors like market-based exposure, community-based reputation, trust-based status, etc., must be considered, along with the opinions of hired experts. These factors are usually termed as rough information. Most of the [...] Read more.
The suppliers play a significant role in supply chain management. In supplier selection, factors like market-based exposure, community-based reputation, trust-based status, etc., must be considered, along with the opinions of hired experts. These factors are usually termed as rough information. Most of the literature has disregarded such factors, which may lead to a biased selection. In this study, linguistic variables in terms of triangular fuzzy numbers (TrFn) are used to manage such kind of rough information, then the rough approximations of the fuzzy hypersoft set (FHS-set) are characterized which are capable of handling such informational uncertainties. The FHS-set is more flexible as well as consistent as it tackles the limitation of fuzzy soft sets regarding categorizing parameters into their related sub-classes having their sub-parametric values. Based on these rough approximations, an algorithm is proposed for the optimal selection of suppliers by managing experts’ opinions and rough information collectively in the form of TrFn-based linguistic variables. To have a discrete decision, a signed distance method is employed to transform the TrFn-based opinions of experts into fuzzy grades. The proposed algorithm is corroborated with the help of a multi-criteria decision-making application to choose the best supplier for real estate builders. The beneficial facets of the put forward study are appraised through its structural comparison with few existing related approaches. The presented approach is consistent as it is capable to manage rough information and expert’s opinions about suppliers collectively by using rough approximations of FHS-set. Full article
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16 pages, 1067 KiB  
Article
A Bi-Objective Model for Scheduling Construction Projects Using Critical Chain Method and Interval-Valued Fuzzy Sets
by Fatemeh Dalouchei, Seyed Meysam Mousavi, Jurgita Antucheviciene and Ahmad Minaei
Buildings 2022, 12(7), 904; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12070904 - 26 Jun 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1876
Abstract
Numerous constraints affect construction projects, and lack of management may lead to schedule deviation. In the execution phase of the project, due to the lack of timely access to the required resources and the existence of uncertainty, the project activities do not progress [...] Read more.
Numerous constraints affect construction projects, and lack of management may lead to schedule deviation. In the execution phase of the project, due to the lack of timely access to the required resources and the existence of uncertainty, the project activities do not progress following the schedule, and as a result, schedule deviation occurs. The scheduling addresses resource constraints by the critical chain method and deals with delays in activities by placing buffers that have emerged as a method for scheduling construction projects. This paper presents a new bi-objective mathematical model which aims to reduce delay and increase quality, based on the critical chain method and resource constraint for scheduling construction projects. In the proposed model, the activities have been considered multi-mode ones. Moreover, this paper has assumed each activity to be executed in a normal or crashing way. Due to the uncertainty in real-world problems, the duration of the activity is expressed using triangular interval-valued fuzzy numbers. A new interval-valued fuzzy solution process is presented in this paper using a two-step approach. First, the equivalent crisp model is given; then in the second step, a goal programming approach is applied for transforming the bi-objective model into the single-objective one. Finally, the mathematical model is implemented on a case study adapted from the literature, and sensitivity analysis of the results is conducted. Full article
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14 pages, 1318 KiB  
Article
Barriers to Digital Technology Deployment in Value Management Practice
by Douglas Aghimien, Ntebo Ngcobo, Clinton Aigbavboa, Saurav Dixit, Nikolai Ivanovich Vatin, Shivani Kampani and Gurbir Singh Khera
Buildings 2022, 12(6), 731; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12060731 - 27 May 2022
Cited by 28 | Viewed by 3285
Abstract
In the quest to promote constant value for money, value management (VM) has been proposed and adopted within the construction industry of countries across the world. To improve the VM process for a more effective outcome, pervasive digital technologies can be employed throughout [...] Read more.
In the quest to promote constant value for money, value management (VM) has been proposed and adopted within the construction industry of countries across the world. To improve the VM process for a more effective outcome, pervasive digital technologies can be employed throughout a project and in the VM process. However, developing countries like South Africa are still lagging in using these emerging technologies. Therefore, this study assessed the digital technologies that can improve the VM process and the barriers hindering their usage within the construction industry. The study adopted a postpositivism philosophical stance with a questionnaire used to gather quantitative data from construction professionals that have participated in VM exercises within the South African construction industry. The data gathered were analysed using mean item score, standard deviation, the Kruskal-Wallis H-test, multiple linear regression and exploratory factor analysis. The study found with high predictive accuracy that digital technologies such as computer-based software, BIM, mobile devices, electronic meeting tools, cloud computing, augmented and virtual realities will significantly impact the overall success of VM practices. Furthermore, the barriers to the effective deployment of these technologies in the VM process can be categorised into (1) cost and awareness, (2) complexities of the VM and digital tools, (3) the construction industry’s digital culture, and (4) the availability of technology and expertise. This study provides a theoretical backdrop for future studies exploring the use of digital technologies for VM practices—an aspect that has not gained significant attention in VM discourse in the construction industry. Full article
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