Towards a Better Understanding of Brain Connectivity and Network Correlates of Language

A special issue of Brain Sciences (ISSN 2076-3425). This special issue belongs to the section "Neurolinguistics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 September 2021) | Viewed by 6324

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
Interests: noninvasive brain stimulation; language; aphasia; stroke; dementia; transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS); transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS); magnetoencephalography (MEG); resting-state; connectomics; network analysis

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Guest Editor
Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 W. Watertown Plank Rd, Wauwatosa, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
Interests: noninvasive brain stimulation; language; aphasia; stroke; dementia; transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS); transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS); magnetoencephalography (MEG); resting-state; connectomics; network analysis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The aim of this Special Issue is to gain a deeper understanding of brain connectivity and network dynamics underlying healthy and abnormal language processing. Particular interest is in elucidating induced changes in connectivity and network properties in response to behavioral or language interventions that are paired with noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS). Evidence indicates that language processing occurs in a widely distributed network of temporal, frontal, and parietal brain regions. Correspondingly, language impairments after brain injuries, such as after a stroke, are increasingly conceptualized as deficits arising from diminished functional connectivity and disruptions in the distributed language network. In this Special Issue, we are interested in extending this knowledge to better understand the distributed and specialized language processing dynamics both in normal and abnormal brain systems. We place special emphasis on changes in brain dynamics (connectivity and network properties) as a function of NIBS and language therapies, and studies that use these tools for the assessment or prediction of NIBS treatment effectiveness or language outcome.

In this research topic, we welcome submissions involving:

(1) healthy individuals (young or old) or those with brain disorders, including but not limited to stroke, brain tumors, and neurodegenerative conditions; 

(2) functional or effective connectivity and network measures as derived from resting-state or task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), electroencephalography (EEG), or magnetoencephalography (MEG); evaluations of structural connectivity/networks within the scope of this topic are welcome;

(3) NIBS modalities including transcranial electrical stimulation (transcranial direct current (tDCS), alternating current (tACS), or random noise stimulation (tRNS)) or transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS);

(4) a behavioral focus on speech and language aspects;

(5) language therapies either for performance enhancement in healthy individuals, or for therapeutic enhancement in clinical populations will be considered;

Dr. Roy H. Hamilton
Dr. Priyanka Shah-Basak
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • language
  • functional connectivity
  • brain networks
  • non-invasive brain stimulation
  • aphasia

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 1348 KiB  
Article
Resting-State Functional Connectivity following Phonological Component Analysis: The Combined Action of Phonology and Visual Orthographic Cues
by Michèle Masson-Trottier, Anna Sontheimer, Edith Durand and Ana Inés Ansaldo
Brain Sci. 2021, 11(11), 1458; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11111458 - 2 Nov 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3052
Abstract
Anomia is the most frequent and pervasive symptom for people with aphasia (PWA). Phonological component analysis (PCA) is a therapy incorporating phonological cues to treat anomia. Investigations of neural correlates supporting improvements following PCA remain scarce. Resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) as a marker [...] Read more.
Anomia is the most frequent and pervasive symptom for people with aphasia (PWA). Phonological component analysis (PCA) is a therapy incorporating phonological cues to treat anomia. Investigations of neural correlates supporting improvements following PCA remain scarce. Resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) as a marker of therapy-induced neuroplasticity has been reported by our team. The present study explores the efficacy of PCA in French and associated therapy-induced neuroplasticity using whole-brain rsFC analysis. Ten PWA participated in a pre-/post-PCA fMRI study with cognitive linguistic assessments. PCA was delivered in French following the standard procedure. PCA led to significant improvement with trained and untrained items. PCA also led to changes in rsFC between distributed ROIs in the semantic network, visual network, and sub-cortical areas. Changes in rsFC can be interpreted within the frame of the visual and phonological nature of PCA. Behavioral and rsFC data changes associated with PCA in French highlight its efficacy and point to the importance of phonological and orthographic cues to consolidate the word-retrieval strategy, contributing to generalization to untrained words. Full article
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18 pages, 1605 KiB  
Article
Simultaneous Normalization and Compensatory Changes in Right Hemisphere Connectivity during Aphasia Therapy
by Tammar Truzman, Elizabeth Rochon, Jed Meltzer, Carol Leonard and Tali Bitan
Brain Sci. 2021, 11(10), 1330; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11101330 - 8 Oct 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2571
Abstract
Changes in brain connectivity during language therapy were examined among participants with aphasia (PWA), aiming to shed light on neural reorganization in the language network. Four PWA with anomia following left hemisphere stroke and eight healthy controls (HC) participated in the study. Two [...] Read more.
Changes in brain connectivity during language therapy were examined among participants with aphasia (PWA), aiming to shed light on neural reorganization in the language network. Four PWA with anomia following left hemisphere stroke and eight healthy controls (HC) participated in the study. Two fMRI scans were administered to all participants with a 3.5-month interval. The fMRI scans included phonological and semantic tasks, each consisting of linguistic and perceptual matching conditions. Between the two fMRI scans, PWA underwent Phonological Components Analysis treatment. Changes in effective connectivity during the treatment were examined within right hemisphere (RH) architecture. The results illustrate that following the treatment, the averaged connectivity of PWA across all perceptual and linguistic conditions in both tasks increased resemblance to HC, reflecting the normalization of neural processes associated with silent object name retrieval. In contrast, connections that were specifically enhanced by the phonological condition in PWA decreased in their resemblance to HC, reflecting emerging compensatory reorganization in RH connectivity to support phonological processing. These findings suggest that both normalization and compensation play a role in neural language reorganization at the chronic stage, occurring simultaneously in the same brain. Full article
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