Prevention and Intervention for Neonatal Brain Injury

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Department of Neuroscience, Regis College, 235 Wellesley Street, Weston, MA 02493, USA
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Dear Colleagues,

Neonatal brain injury is a significant problem in term and preterm infants, marked by acute cellular toxicity and prolonged modifications in neuroimmunological signaling resulting in brain tissue loss and a range of motor, cognitive and other behavioral impairments that persist through adulthood. There are a number of known risk factors for neonatal brain injury including, intrauterine infection, maternal drug use, genetic history of autoimmune dysfunction and other birth complications. However, preventing and treating injury during the dynamic process of brain assembly presents unique challenges for preclinical researchers and the development of therapeutic interventions. Despite the challenges, in recent years both molecular and behavioral intervention approaches have shown promise for improving neuropathological and/or behavioral disorders linked to neonatal brain injury.

In this Special Issue, we are seeking original submissions of research or review articles from authors investigating a variety of prevention and/or intervention approaches in translational model organisms or human clinical research. Submissions are encouraged from researchers studying immunological and other molecular therapeutics aimed at targeting cell death, to those evaluating early behavioral intervention approaches designed to promote plasticity and/or mitigate cognitive/behavioral impairments later in life. Our aim is to assemble an issue that incorporates diverse preclinical and clinical approaches to prevention and intervention for neonatal brain injury. 

Dr. Steven Threlkeld
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Neonatal Hypoxia-Ischemia
  • Behavioral Intervention
  • Pharmacology
  • Preventative Care
  • Immunotherapy
  • Cellular Therapy
  • Cognitive Intervention
  • Sensory Intervention
  • Neuronal Survival
  • Neuronal Plasticity

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

15 pages, 822 KiB  
Review
Anti-Cytokine Therapy to Attenuate Ischemic-Reperfusion Associated Brain Injury in the Perinatal Period
by Clémence Disdier, Xiaodi Chen, Jeong-Eun Kim, Steven W. Threlkeld and Barbara S. Stonestreet
Brain Sci. 2018, 8(6), 101; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci8060101 - 7 Jun 2018
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 5947
Abstract
Perinatal brain injury is a major cause of morbidity and long-standing disability in newborns. Hypothermia is the only therapy approved to attenuate brain injury in the newborn. However, this treatment is unfortunately only partially neuroprotective and can only be used to treat hypoxic-ischemic [...] Read more.
Perinatal brain injury is a major cause of morbidity and long-standing disability in newborns. Hypothermia is the only therapy approved to attenuate brain injury in the newborn. However, this treatment is unfortunately only partially neuroprotective and can only be used to treat hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in full term infants. Therefore, there is an urgent need for adjunctive therapeutic strategies. Post-ischemic neuro-inflammation is a crucial contributor to the evolution of brain injury in neonates and constitutes a promising therapeutic target. Recently, we demonstrated encouraging neuroprotective capacities of anti-cytokine monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in an ischemic-reperfusion (I/R) model of brain injury in the ovine fetus. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current knowledge regarding the inflammatory response in the perinatal sheep brain after I/R injury and to review our recent findings regarding the beneficial effects of treatment with anti-cytokine mAbs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prevention and Intervention for Neonatal Brain Injury)
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