Heterogeneity in Cognitive Aging: From Healthy Aging to Neurodegenerative Disease

A special issue of Brain Sciences (ISSN 2076-3425). This special issue belongs to the section "Cognitive, Social and Affective Neuroscience".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 January 2026 | Viewed by 539

Special Issue Editors


E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Frontotemporal Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Interests: Alzheimer’s disease; brain networks; cognitive neuroscience; episodic memory; frontotemporal lobar degeneration; functional neuroimaging; hippocampus; mul-timodal neuroimaging; social cognition

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Frontotemporal Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Interests: atypical Alzheimer’s disease; posterior cortical atrophy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Frontotemporal Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Interests: Alzheimer's disease; frontotemporal dementia; memory disorders; posterior corti-cal atrophy; primary progressive aphasia; the interface of neurological and psychi-atric illnesses; cognitive neuroscience; affective neuroscience; cognitive aging

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Human cognitive aging is characterized by considerable heterogeneity across individuals. While some maintain cognitive resilience well into their late adulthood, others experience age-related cognitive decline due to complex interactions between genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Heterogeneity in the type and severity of cognitive impairment also exists among those individuals who report subjective cognitive decline or who develop the initial symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, highlighting the need to develop tools with improved diagnostic and prognostic utility. Understanding the factors that can predict and potentially modify the course of brain and cognitive aging across the continuum from healthy aging to neurodegenerative disease remains a major goal in neuroscience research. This Special Issue invites original research articles, reviews, and perspectives that explore the multifaceted nature of cognitive aging through the lens of biomarker assessments (e.g., neuroimaging, CSF, blood-based), novel experimental paradigms, digital assessments, and other aspects of within- or between-individual variability in affective, social, behavioral, or clinical measures. We particularly encourage submissions that advance our understanding of diverse aging trajectories and inform therapeutic interventions aimed at promoting healthy cognitive aging and mitigating neurodegenerative disease risk through a variety of methods, including neuromodulation, neurofeedback, cognitive training, or disease-modifying therapies.

Dr. Yuta Katsumi
Dr. Deepti Putcha
Dr. Bradford C. Dickerson
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Brain Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • aging
  • cognition
  • cognitive impairment
  • subjective cognitive decline
  • neurodegeneration
  • Alzheimer’s disease
  • prognostication
  • brain imaging
  • neuromodulation
  • interventions

Benefits of Publishing in a Special Issue

  • Ease of navigation: Grouping papers by topic helps scholars navigate broad scope journals more efficiently.
  • Greater discoverability: Special Issues support the reach and impact of scientific research. Articles in Special Issues are more discoverable and cited more frequently.
  • Expansion of research network: Special Issues facilitate connections among authors, fostering scientific collaborations.
  • External promotion: Articles in Special Issues are often promoted through the journal's social media, increasing their visibility.
  • Reprint: MDPI Books provides the opportunity to republish successful Special Issues in book format, both online and in print.

Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (1 paper)

Order results
Result details
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

17 pages, 1098 KiB  
Article
Attentional Functioning in Healthy Older Adults and aMCI Patients: Results from the Attention Network Test with a Focus on Sex Differences
by Laura Facci, Laura Sandrini and Gabriella Bottini
Brain Sci. 2025, 15(7), 770; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci15070770 - 19 Jul 2025
Viewed by 273
Abstract
Background/Objectives: The prognostic uncertainty of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) imposes comprehensive neuropsychological evaluations beyond mere memory assessment. However, previous investigations into other cognitive domains, such as attention, have yielded divergent findings. Furthermore, while evidence suggests the presence of sex differences across the [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: The prognostic uncertainty of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) imposes comprehensive neuropsychological evaluations beyond mere memory assessment. However, previous investigations into other cognitive domains, such as attention, have yielded divergent findings. Furthermore, while evidence suggests the presence of sex differences across the spectrum of dementia-related conditions, no study has systematically explored attentional disparities between genders within this context. The current study aims to investigate differences in the attentional subcomponents, i.e., alerting, orienting, and executive control, between patients with MCI and healthy older controls (HOCs), emphasizing interactions between biological sex and cognitive impairment. Methods: Thirty-six participants (18 MCI, and 18 HOCs) were evaluated using the Attention Network Test (ANT). Raw RTs as well as RTs corrected for general slowing were analyzed using Generalized Mixed Models. Results: Both health status and sex influenced ANT performance, when considering raw RTs. Nevertheless, after adjusting for the baseline processing speed, the effect of cognitive impairment was no longer evident in men, while it persisted in women, suggesting specific vulnerabilities in females not attributable to general slowing nor to the MCI diagnosis. Moreover, women appeared significantly slower and less accurate when dealing with conflicting information. Orienting and alerting did not differ between groups. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study investigating sex differences in attentional subcomponents in the aging population. Our results suggest that previously reported inconsistencies about the decline of attentional subcomponents may be attributable to such diversities. Systematically addressing sex differences in cognitive decline appears pivotal for informing the development of precision medicine approaches. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

Back to TopTop