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Special Issue "Paper-Based Microfluidic Devices and Applications"

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A special issue of Biosensors (ISSN 2079-6374). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosensor and Bioelectronic Devices".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 February 2024 | Viewed by 4491

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Constantine Anagnostopoulos

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Guest Editor

Mechanical, Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
Interests: technologies; device development; microfluidics; imaging

Prof. Dr. Mohammad Faghri

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

Mechanical Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
Interests: thermal fluids; microfluidics; mathematical modeling

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Paper-based microfluidic analytical devices have improved substantially over the past decade by incorporating new components and materials for the point-of-care diagnosis of different diseases as well as the on-site sensitive detection of pollutants in the environment and contaminants and toxins in foods.

The word “paper” in this context refers to any porous and flexible material.

For this Special Issue we invite original research articles and comprehensive reviews on the following and related topics:

New components for fluidic actuators for control of capillary flow and fluid mixing.
Innovative detection methods and protocols at molecular and protein levels for biological and chemical reagents.
Multiplexed detection methods.
Innovative applications in point-of-care diagnostics, on-site environmental measurements, and clinical and demographic studies.
Smart readers for quantitative measurements, communication and control of the ambient conditions at the reaction site.
Coupled mathematical modeling of fluid flow with on-chip porous structures and biological or chemical reactions.
Autonomous sensor operation for minimal user involvement.

Dr. Constantine Anagnostopoulos
Prof. Dr. Mohammad Faghri
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biosensors is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

paper
microfluidics
point-of-care
environment
smart readers

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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Open AccessArticle

Modeling of Paper-Based Bi-Material Cantilever Actuator for Microfluidic Biosensors

Ashutosh Kumar

Hojat Heidari-Bafroui

Nassim Rahmani

Constantine Anagnostopoulos

and

Mohammad Faghri

Biosensors 2023, 13(6), 580; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13060580 - 26 May 2023

Viewed by 696

Abstract

This research explores the dynamics of a fluidically loaded Bi-Material cantilever (B-MaC), a critical component of μPADs (microfluidic paper-based analytical devices) used in point-of-care diagnostics. Constructed from Scotch Tape and Whatman Grade 41 filter paper strips, the B-MaC’s behavior under fluid imbibition is examined. A capillary fluid flow model is formulated for the B-MaC, adhering to the Lucas–Washburn (LW) equation, and supported by empirical data. This paper further investigates the stress–strain relationship to estimate the modulus of the B-MaC at various saturation levels and to predict the behavior of the fluidically loaded cantilever. The study shows that the Young’s modulus of Whatman Grade 41 filter paper drastically decreases to approximately 20 MPa (about 7% of its dry-state value) upon full saturation. This significant decrease in flexural rigidity, in conjunction with the hygroexpansive strain and coefficient of hygroexpansion (empirically deduced to be 0.008), is essential in determining the B-MaC’s deflection. The proposed moderate deflection formulation effectively predicts the B-MaC’s behavior under fluidic loading, emphasizing the measurement of maximum (tip) deflection using interfacial boundary conditions for the B-MaC’s wet and dry regions. This knowledge of tip deflection will prove instrumental in optimizing the design parameters of B-MaCs. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Paper-Based Microfluidic Devices and Applications)

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Open AccessArticle

Development of a New Lab-on-Paper Microfluidics Platform Using Bi-Material Cantilever Actuators for ELISA on Paper

Hojat Heidari-Bafroui

Constantine Anagnostopoulos

and

Mohammad Faghri

Biosensors 2023, 13(3), 310; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13030310 - 23 Feb 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1548

Abstract

In this paper, we present a novel and cost-effective lab-on-paper microfluidics platform for performing ELISA autonomously, with no user intervention beyond adding the sample. The platform utilizes two Bi-Material Cantilever Valves placed in a specially designed housing. The integration of these valves in a specific channel network forms a complete fluidic logic circuit for performing ELISA on paper. The housing also incorporates an innovative reagent storage and release mechanism that minimizes variability in the volume of reagents released into the reagent pads. The platform design was optimized to minimize variance in the time of fluid wicking from the reagent pad, using a randomized design of experiment. The platform adheres to the World Health Organization’s ASSURED principles. The optimized design was used to conduct an ELISA for detecting rabbit immunoglobulin G (IgG) in a buffer, with a limit of detection of 2.27 ng/mL and a limit of quantification of 8.33 ng/mL. This represents a 58% improvement over previous ELISA methods for detecting rabbit IgG in buffer using portable microfluidic technology. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Paper-Based Microfluidic Devices and Applications)

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Open AccessArticle

SMART: On-Site Rapid Detection of Nucleic Acid from Plants, Animals, and Microorganisms in under 25 Minutes

and

Biosensors 2023, 13(1), 82; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13010082 - 03 Jan 2023

Viewed by 1181

Abstract

The rapid on-site nucleic acid detection method is urgently required in many fields. In this study, we report a portable and highly integrated device for DNA detection that combines ultrafast DNA adsorption and rapid DNA amplification. The device, known as silicon film mediated recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) for nucleic acid detection (SMART), can detect target DNA in less than 25 min from plants, animals, and microbes. Utilizing SMART, transgenic maize was rapidly detected with high selectivity and sensitivity. The sensitivity threshold of the SMART for transgenic maize genomic DNA was 50 copies. The detection results of genuine samples containing plants, animals, and microbes by SMART were consistent with the conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, demonstrating the high robustness of SMART. Additionally, SMART does not require expensive equipment and is fast, affordable, and user-friendly, making it suited for the broad-scale on-site detection of nucleic acids. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Paper-Based Microfluidic Devices and Applications)

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Review

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Open AccessReview

Recent Uses of Paper Microfluidics in Isothermal Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests

and

Biosensors 2023, 13(9), 885; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13090885 - 15 Sep 2023

Viewed by 493

Abstract

Isothermal nucleic acid amplification tests have recently gained popularity over polymerase chain reaction (PCR), as they only require a constant temperature and significantly simplify nucleic acid amplification. Recently, numerous attempts have been made to incorporate paper microfluidics into these isothermal amplification tests. Paper microfluidics (including lateral flow strips) have been used to extract nucleic acids, amplify the target gene, and detect amplified products, all toward automating the process. We investigated the literature from 2020 to the present, i.e., since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, during which a significant surge in isothermal amplification tests has been observed. Paper microfluidic detection has been used extensively for recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and its related methods, along with loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and rolling circle amplification (RCA). Detection was conducted primarily with colorimetric and fluorometric methods, although a few publications demonstrated flow distance- and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic (SERS)-based detection. A good number of publications could be found that demonstrated both amplification and detection on paper microfluidic platforms. A small number of publications could be found that showed extraction or all three procedures (i.e., fully integrated systems) on paper microfluidic platforms, necessitating the need for future work. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Paper-Based Microfluidic Devices and Applications)

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