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Spectral Line Shapes in Plasmas, Including Cases with External Electric...
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Spectral Line Shapes in Plasmas, Including Cases with External Electric and Magnetic Fields and Laser Plasma Interaction

A special issue of Atoms (ISSN 2218-2004).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 May 2023) | Viewed by 8179

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Alexander V. Demura

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Department of Plasma Theory, Kurchatov Complex of Thermonuclear Energetics and Plasma Technologies, 123182 Moscow, Russia
Interests: statistics of plasma microfield; stark broadening of spectral lines; MSE; atomic kinetics in plasma

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As a famous physicist once stated: “The interest to the line shapes is inspired by a vision”. Another considerably interesting researcher once joked while addressing a policeman: “You know now it was discovered that the light we see has a shape?!”; the addressee, frightened by such a strange idea, hurried to release him. However, the line profile can provide plentiful information about plasma composition, temperature, density, the character of plasma ionization and thermal equilibrium, radiative transfer, the presence and property of the external electric and magnetic fields as well as the action of laser radiation, all of which are key quantities in plasma diagnostics. These studies are of significant importance for various applications in magnetic and inertial fusion, astrophysics, gaseous discharges, photonic and electronic devices, laser physics, optics, etc.

This Special Issue attempts to present recent researcher achievements crucial to fundamental and applied sciences, a topic well suited for the scope of the Atoms journal judging by the contents of already published articles.

In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following:

  1. Advances in the analytical theory of spectral line broadening in plasmas.
  2. Advances in the computer simulation of spectral line formation in plasmas.
  3. Newly performed experimental studies and the elaborated treatment of results of the formation of spectral lines in various plasma installations as well as of astrophysical objects.
  4. Influence of the external electric and magnetic fields and laser plasma interaction on spectral line formation, radiative transfer and atomic kinetics.

I look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Alexander V. Demura
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Atoms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • spectral line shapes in plasmas
  • electric and magnetic fields
  • spectral line shapes in plasmas code comparison workshops (under assistance of IAEA)
  • international conference on spectral line shapes
  • European conferences on plasma physics

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

Jump to: Review

7 pages, 294 KiB  
Communication
Stark Broadening of Lyman-α in the Presence of a Strong Magnetic Field
by Evgeny Stambulchik
Atoms 2023, 11(9), 120; https://doi.org/10.3390/atoms11090120 - 15 Sep 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1260 | Correction
Abstract
Stark broadening of Lyman-α of a hydrogen-like atom in the presence of a strong magnetic field is analyzed. The shape of the central (π) component of the Lorentz–Zeeman triplet is expressed analytically, taking into account the plasma coupling and microfield [...] Read more.
Stark broadening of Lyman-α of a hydrogen-like atom in the presence of a strong magnetic field is analyzed. The shape of the central (π) component of the Lorentz–Zeeman triplet is expressed analytically, taking into account the plasma coupling and microfield dynamic effects. It is shown that in a sufficiently strong magnetic field, the broadening of this component, contrary to the broadening of the lateral (σ) ones, is independent of the magnetic field and, therefore, can be used for the plasma density diagnostics. Comparison with computer simulations at conditions typical for tokamak divertors and white dwarf atmospheres shows a very good agreement. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Spectral Line Shapes in Plasmas, Including Cases with External Electric and Magnetic Fields and Laser Plasma Interaction)
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39 pages, 9731 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Plasma Emission Experiments and ‘Dips’
by Spiros Alexiou
Atoms 2023, 11(2), 29; https://doi.org/10.3390/atoms11020029 - 4 Feb 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1205
Abstract
It has been claimed that recent experiments using high-powered lasers have identified dip structures in spectral line profiles in plasmas and that these were successfully used to reliably infer both plasma parameters and information on high and low-frequency turbulence. The analysis of those [...] Read more.
It has been claimed that recent experiments using high-powered lasers have identified dip structures in spectral line profiles in plasmas and that these were successfully used to reliably infer both plasma parameters and information on high and low-frequency turbulence. The analysis of those experiments relies on a flawed theory. In the present work, we computed the line spectra correctly using the parameters inferred in the original papers. The results bear little resemblance to the experimental profiles. The only way to reconcile the parameters deduced in these experiments is to invoke very broadband turbulence, with the relevant distribution functions that are neither known nor measured playing critical roles. Furthermore, the dip positions are shown to be sensitive to details such as field directionality and variations in the frequency and field amplitude. Hence, dips cannot be used to reliably diagnose such plasmas. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Spectral Line Shapes in Plasmas, Including Cases with External Electric and Magnetic Fields and Laser Plasma Interaction)
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9 pages, 1747 KiB  
Article
Saturation Effect Produced by Laser Pulses: Karplus–Schwinger Approach versus Bloch Solution
by Valery Astapenko and Valery Lisitsa
Atoms 2022, 10(4), 111; https://doi.org/10.3390/atoms10040111 - 10 Oct 2022
Viewed by 1352
Abstract
The saturation effect during the excitation of a two-level system by laser pulses is investigated in the framework of two approaches: excitation probability based on Karplus–Schwinger spectral profile and exact solution of Bloch equations. Simple analytical expression for the excitation probability by exponential [...] Read more.
The saturation effect during the excitation of a two-level system by laser pulses is investigated in the framework of two approaches: excitation probability based on Karplus–Schwinger spectral profile and exact solution of Bloch equations. Simple analytical expression for the excitation probability by exponential pulse is derived. The excitation spectra obtained using this expression were compared with the result of solving the Bloch equations for various values of the pulse duration and the Rabi frequency, which describes the strength of the electromagnetic interaction. It is shown that in the case of long pulses, there is a satisfactory correspondence between the two approaches, but in short-pulse limit and strong saturation, the probability description based on Karplus–Schwinger spectral profile and perturbation theory does not provide satisfactory results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Spectral Line Shapes in Plasmas, Including Cases with External Electric and Magnetic Fields and Laser Plasma Interaction)
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10 pages, 842 KiB  
Article
Method for Measuring the Pseudomomentum of Hydrogen Atoms by the Number of Observable Hydrogen Lines Controlled by the Diamagnetism
by Eugene Oks, Paulo Angelo and Elisabeth Dalimier
Atoms 2022, 10(3), 95; https://doi.org/10.3390/atoms10030095 - 19 Sep 2022
Viewed by 1597
Abstract
Hydrogen atoms, being subjected to a strong magnetic field, exhibit an additional, delocalized potential well at almost a microscopic distance from the nucleus. We studied the influence of the delocalized states of hydrogen atoms on the number of observable hydrogen lines in strongly [...] Read more.
Hydrogen atoms, being subjected to a strong magnetic field, exhibit an additional, delocalized potential well at almost a microscopic distance from the nucleus. We studied the influence of the delocalized states of hydrogen atoms on the number of observable hydrogen lines in strongly magnetized plasmas. We show that, for sufficiently large values of the pseudomomentum K (K being the integral of the motion controlling the separation of the center of mass and the relative motions), this effect dominates other factors potentially influencing the number of observable hydrogen lines in strongly magnetized plasmas. We provide examples for plasma parameters relevant to edge plasmas of contemporary and future tokamaks, as well as for DA white dwarfs. We demonstrate that our results open up an avenue for the experimental determination of the pseudomomentum K. This is the first proposed method for the experimental determination of the pseudomomentum—to the best of our knowledge. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Spectral Line Shapes in Plasmas, Including Cases with External Electric and Magnetic Fields and Laser Plasma Interaction)
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Review

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15 pages, 279 KiB  
Review
Plasmas Containing Quasimonochromatic Electric Fields (QEFs): Review of the General Principles of Their Spectroscopy and Selected Applications
by Eugene Oks
Atoms 2024, 12(10), 49; https://doi.org/10.3390/atoms12100049 - 27 Sep 2024
Viewed by 654
Abstract
We review the general principles of the spectroscopy of plasmas containing quasimonochromatic electric fields (QEFs). We demonstrate that the underlying physics is very rich due to the complicated entanglement of four characteristic times: the typical time required for the formation of the quasienergy [...] Read more.
We review the general principles of the spectroscopy of plasmas containing quasimonochromatic electric fields (QEFs). We demonstrate that the underlying physics is very rich due to the complicated entanglement of four characteristic times: the typical time required for the formation of the quasienergy states, the lifetime of the excited state of the radiator, the typical time of the formation of the homogeneous Stark broadening by the electron microfield, and the typical time of the formation of the homogeneous Stark broadening by the dynamic part of the ion microfield. We exemplified how the shape and shift of spectral lines are affected by the mutual interactions of the three subsystems. Specifically, the interaction of the radiator with the plasma can be substantially influenced by the interaction of the radiator with the QEF, and vice versa, as well as by the interaction of the QEF and the plasma with each other. We also provide some applications of these various effects. Finally, we outline directions for future research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Spectral Line Shapes in Plasmas, Including Cases with External Electric and Magnetic Fields and Laser Plasma Interaction)
25 pages, 404 KiB  
Review
On Invariant Vectors in the Presence of Electric and Magnetic Fields
by Jean-Christophe Pain
Atoms 2023, 11(7), 105; https://doi.org/10.3390/atoms11070105 - 20 Jul 2023
Viewed by 1231
Abstract
In this non-exhaustive review, we discuss the importance of invariant vectors in atomic physics, such as the Laplace–Runge–Lenz vector, the Redmond vector in the presence of an electric field, the Landau–Avron–Sivardièrevector when the system is subject to a magnetic field, and the supergeneralized [...] Read more.
In this non-exhaustive review, we discuss the importance of invariant vectors in atomic physics, such as the Laplace–Runge–Lenz vector, the Redmond vector in the presence of an electric field, the Landau–Avron–Sivardièrevector when the system is subject to a magnetic field, and the supergeneralized Runge–Lenz vector for the two-center problem. The application to the Stark and Zeeman effects are outlined. The existence of constants of motion in the charge-dyon system is also briefly mentioned. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Spectral Line Shapes in Plasmas, Including Cases with External Electric and Magnetic Fields and Laser Plasma Interaction)
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