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Sport Biomechanics and Sport Medicine
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Sport Biomechanics and Sport Medicine

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomedical Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 March 2027 | Viewed by 9823

Editor

Prof. Dr. Takeshi Asai

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. International Pacific University, 721 Kanonji, Seto-cho, Higashi-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama 709-0863, Japan
2. University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
Interests: sports technique; sports equipment; sports fluid mechanics; sports coaching
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The future of sport performance and health lies in the integration of biomechanics, sport medicine, bioengineering, and digital technology. This Special Issue invites contributions that reflect this convergence, aiming to illuminate new directions in performance science, injury prevention, and sports rehabilitation.

Today, advances in sensor technology, AI-powered motion analysis, and high-fidelity biomechanical simulation offer unprecedented insights into the dynamic and individualized nature of athletic movement. Likewise, bioengineered solutions—from personalized orthoses to regenerative medicine—are transforming how we support the athlete’s body.

This Special Issue welcomes original studies, reviews, and technical notes that combine quantitative biomechanical analysis with clinical insight and technological innovation. We are particularly interested in works that explore interdisciplinary synergies, such as smart monitoring systems for injury risk, real-time movement correction algorithms, or hybrid models of muscle-tendon behavior.

Our goal is to cultivate a platform where engineers, clinicians, and sport scientists collaborate to redefine how we measure, understand, and enhance human performance in sport. We encourage contributions that promote holistic, system-based solutions in the evolving field of sport biomechanics and medicine.

Prof. Dr. Takeshi Asai
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-anonymized peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • performance
  • health
  • bioengineering
  • digital technology
  • AI
  • sensor
  • simulation
  • injury risk
  • rehabilitation

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

22 pages, 10478 KB  
Article
Trionda: Enhanced Surface Roughness Relative to Previous FIFA World Cup Match Balls
by John Eric Goff, Sungchan Hong, Richong Liu and Takeshi Asai
Appl. Sci. 2026, 16(6), 2808; https://doi.org/10.3390/app16062808 - 14 Mar 2026
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 7521
Abstract
Wind-tunnel experiments were conducted on Trionda, the official match ball of the 2026 FIFA World Cup. Aerodynamic force coefficients derived from these measurements were incorporated into numerical trajectory simulations of kicked balls. The resulting aerodynamic characteristics and simulated flight behavior were compared with [...] Read more.
Wind-tunnel experiments were conducted on Trionda, the official match ball of the 2026 FIFA World Cup. Aerodynamic force coefficients derived from these measurements were incorporated into numerical trajectory simulations of kicked balls. The resulting aerodynamic characteristics and simulated flight behavior were compared with those of the four previous World Cup match balls: Al Rihla (2022), Telstar 18 (2018), Brazuca (2014), and Jabulani (2010). Relative to its predecessors, Trionda exhibits a drag crisis at lower flow speeds, consistent with an apparently rougher surface. Although its turbulent-regime drag coefficient is more stable than those of earlier designs, its magnitude is modestly larger. Trajectory simulations therefore indicate the potential for small but perceptible reductions in range for long kicks. This study therefore provides the first aerodynamic characterization of the 2026 FIFA World Cup match ball (Trionda) and places its drag-crisis behavior and flight characteristics in direct quantitative comparison with those of recent World Cup balls examined under identical experimental conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sport Biomechanics and Sport Medicine)
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10 pages, 617 KB  
Article
Physical Activity as a Protective Factor in the Longitudinal Trajectory of Perinatal Musculoskeletal Pain: A Moderated Mediation Study
by Ana Catalá, Cecilia Peñacoba, Antonio González and Patricia Catalá
Appl. Sci. 2026, 16(3), 1490; https://doi.org/10.3390/app16031490 - 2 Feb 2026
Viewed by 581
Abstract
Musculoskeletal pain is a common complaint during pregnancy and can persist into the postpartum period, negatively impacting maternal quality of life. While physical activity has demonstrated preventive benefits in various clinical settings, its specific role in the evolution of perinatal musculoskeletal pain remains [...] Read more.
Musculoskeletal pain is a common complaint during pregnancy and can persist into the postpartum period, negatively impacting maternal quality of life. While physical activity has demonstrated preventive benefits in various clinical settings, its specific role in the evolution of perinatal musculoskeletal pain remains unclear. The aim of this study was to examine whether daily time spent exercising moderates the trajectory of musculoskeletal pain from pregnancy to the postpartum period, considering pain experienced during the first 48 h after delivery as a potential mediating variable. Methods: A longitudinal study was conducted with a sample of 117 women assessed at three time points: during the third trimester of pregnancy, 48 h postpartum, and three months postpartum. A model of moderate mediation was tested using PROCESS Macro (Model 7) for SPSS. Pain in the third trimester was specified as a predictor (X), pain at 48 h postpartum as a mediator (M), pain at three months postpartum as an outcome (Y), and exercise during pregnancy as a moderator (W) of the relationship between X and M. Results: pain in the third trimester significantly predicted pain at three months postpartum (p < 0.001), and this relationship was partially mediated by pain at 48 h postpartum. Physical exercise significantly moderated this pathway (p = 0.0057), and higher levels of exercise were associated with less association across time over time. The moderate mediation index was significant (95% CI [0.0093, 0.1095]), highlighting physical activity as a relevant protective factor against persistent postpartum pain. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sport Biomechanics and Sport Medicine)
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11 pages, 1612 KB  
Article
Footwear-Induced Differences in Biomechanics and Perceived Comfort During Unanticipated Side-Step Cutting: An Exploratory Study in Female Football Players
by Kevin R. Ford, Anh-Dung Nguyen, Nicole Schrier, Audrey E. Westbrook, Colleen R. Mulrey and Jeffrey B. Taylor
Appl. Sci. 2026, 16(2), 718; https://doi.org/10.3390/app16020718 - 9 Jan 2026
Viewed by 1129
Abstract
Cleated footwear in football increasingly incorporates sex-specific design features intended to address a clear gap in anthropometric and biomechanical differences in female athletes. However, experimental evidence evaluating how these designs may influence lower-extremity biomechanics during sport tasks in female athletes remains limited. The [...] Read more.
Cleated footwear in football increasingly incorporates sex-specific design features intended to address a clear gap in anthropometric and biomechanical differences in female athletes. However, experimental evidence evaluating how these designs may influence lower-extremity biomechanics during sport tasks in female athletes remains limited. The purpose of this exploratory pilot study was to examine the effects of sex-specific footwear on lower-extremity biomechanics, plantar pressure distribution, and perceived comfort in female football players during unanticipated side-step cutting. The study used a controlled laboratory-based repeated measures design. Twenty female football players performed unanticipated side-step cutting tasks in two randomized footwear conditions: a standard commercially available control cleat (CT) and a female-specific prototype cleat (PT). Ankle and knee biomechanics, in-shoe pressure distribution, and subjective comfort ratings were assessed. Compared with the CT, the PT cleat had reduced peak ankle inversion angle, inversion angular velocity, and inversion moment, indicating altered ankle biomechanics during cutting. No differences were observed in knee abduction between footwear conditions. However, participants subjectively rated greater comfort in CT compared to PT. Peak pressure was higher in the midfoot and central forefoot in the PT footwear compared to the CT. Given the pilot nature of the study, with multiple footwear alterations, the findings should be interpreted as hypothesis-generating and used to inform future targeted investigations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sport Biomechanics and Sport Medicine)
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