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Digital Design and Impact Assessment of New Building Materials

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Science and Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 December 2026 | Viewed by 2409

Editor


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Guest Editor
Institute for Materials Technology, Universitat Politecnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
Interests: architectural materials; built environment sustainability; materials for energy; digital impact assessment for the built environment; digital twins; VR/AR tools for co-creation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Welcome to this Special Issue on “Digital Design and Impact Assessment of New Building Materials”. According to 2019 UN estimations, 77% of the world’s GDP is produced in cities consuming 71% of the global energy production. Adding indirect energy consumption related to human inhabitants in cities, the figure rises to 82% of the world’s CO2 emissions. Therefore, ensuring an efficient use of energy in urban environments could contribute 10 to 30% of the world’s expected carbon reduction in the next 5 years.

In this Special Issue, you will find cutting-edge research and innovations in the field of architectural materials. As the built environment continues to evolve, the demand for materials that are not only aesthetically pleasing but also sustainable, durable, and versatile has never been greater. This Special Issue brings together pioneering studies that address these multifaceted challenges, offering insights into the development and application of advanced materials in architecture. The papers featured in this Special Issue cover the following topics:

  • Incorporation of bio-based composites, recycled materials, and low-carbon alternatives to reduce environmental impact.
  • Development of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) with enhanced strength, durability, and resistance to extreme conditions.
  • Multifunctional smart materials with responsive properties such as self-healing, shape-memory, and phase-change capabilities for adaptive building environments.
  • Utilization of nanotechnology to optimize material properties, including increased strength, thermal insulation, and antibacterial features.
  • Additive manufacturing techniques for creating custom, complex structures with reduced waste and faster construction times.
  • Advanced light-weight composites for improved structural performance and weight reduction.
  • Energy materials embedded in architectural substrates with superior thermal insulation, photovoltaic energy generation, and electric energy storage.
  • Transparent conductive materials for energy-efficient windows that can generate electricity and regulate heat and light transmission.
  • Bioinspired materials to achieve superior performance in terms of strength, flexibility, and sustainability.
  • Advanced multifunctional coatings providing new functionalities such as self-cleaning, anti-reflective, and anti-corrosion to building surfaces.
  • Modular and prefabricated materials for faster assembly, reduced costs, and enhanced precision.
  • Green lightweight roofing materials to enhance urban biodiversity and manage stormwater.
  • Digital design and impact assessment of new building materials.
  • AI-led design and impact assessment of sustainable construction materials—from machine learning to Industry 4.0.

This Special Issue aims at inspiring architects, engineers, and materials scientists to explore new possibilities and collaborations. It underscores the critical role of material innovation in shaping the future of architecture, promoting environmentally responsible practices, following the New European Bauhaus principles. We hope that this collection will serve as a catalyst for ongoing research and development in advanced architecture materials.

Dr. Javier Orozco-Messana
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-anonymized peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cellular materials
  • bio-inspired design
  • hybrid design
  • material functionalization
  • PCM
  • modular design
  • building circularity
  • nanomaterials
  • energy materials
  • green materials
  • additive manufacturing

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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29 pages, 14968 KB  
Article
Parametric Design and Mould-Based Experimental Replication of Customizable Surface Components for Industrialized Construction
by Magdalena Ramirez-Peña, Victor Perez-Ramirez, Victor Perez-Fernandez, Mariana Hernandez-Perez and Moises Batista
Appl. Sci. 2026, 16(14), 7238; https://doi.org/10.3390/app16147238 - 20 Jul 2026
Viewed by 409
Abstract
The increasing industrialization of construction requires design strategies that reconcile productive repeatability with architectural customization, functional differentiation and material reproducibility. This study proposes a manufacturing-oriented parametric design framework for customizable surface components in industrialized construction. Geometry is treated as an active design variable [...] Read more.
The increasing industrialization of construction requires design strategies that reconcile productive repeatability with architectural customization, functional differentiation and material reproducibility. This study proposes a manufacturing-oriented parametric design framework for customizable surface components in industrialized construction. Geometry is treated as an active design variable capable of supporting hypotheses related to drainage, texture, porosity, friction, light filtering and material efficiency. The methodology links biomimetic abstraction, parametric modelling and material transfer through indirect additive manufacturing, mould fabrication and mineral-based replication. Rather than validating a specific functional performance, the study experimentally assesses a mould-based replication workflow in which customization is defined as controlled variation within a constrained design space. A modular component with a stable perimeter and parametrizable textured surface was developed, followed by the production of an additively manufactured master, a negative mould and replicas made from technical plaster and fine mineral mortar as construction-grade surrogate materials. These materials enabled the evaluation of mould filling, demoulding, defect transfer and surface-detail preservation before introducing ceramic drying and firing. The results confirm the feasibility of the proposed workflow and identify manufacturability, demoulding, dimensional deviation, material selection and application-specific validation as critical design constraints. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Digital Design and Impact Assessment of New Building Materials)
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18 pages, 6860 KB  
Article
Building Cooler Cities: Advanced Simulation as the Foundation for Climate-Resilient Modular Public Space Design
by Javier Orozco-Messana, Francisco Javier Orozco-Sanchez and Raimon Calabuig-Moreno
Appl. Sci. 2026, 16(4), 1777; https://doi.org/10.3390/app16041777 - 11 Feb 2026
Viewed by 839
Abstract
Cities worldwide face profound morphological changes due to population growth and urban densification. Coupled with climate change, this exacerbates the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect and degrades outdoor thermal comfort. This paper introduces a novel simulation framework for climate-resilient urban design, transitioning from [...] Read more.
Cities worldwide face profound morphological changes due to population growth and urban densification. Coupled with climate change, this exacerbates the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect and degrades outdoor thermal comfort. This paper introduces a novel simulation framework for climate-resilient urban design, transitioning from static planning standards to dynamic performance optimization. This research utilizes a multi-tiered data acquisition strategy, beginning with a PRISMA-guided Systematic Literature Review of 133 articles to identify key UHI mitigation variables. A high-fidelity, multi-physics Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model was developed using the ANSYS Fluent solver, discretized with a poly-hexacore mesh of over 78 million cells. The simulation environment integrates multiscale data, including 2.5D urban geometry from GIS platforms, high-resolution satellite information (e.g., Copernicus and LiDAR) for surface and soil properties, and EUMETSAT weather files for boundary conditions. The model explicitly resolves aerodynamic and thermodynamic exchanges using Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes (URANS) equations, with vegetation represented via porous-medium parameterization. The core novelty lies in the development of a parameterized library of “Architectural Elements” (AEs) that introduces standardized material properties, derived from Ansys Granta Selector, directly with GIS-based street designs. This allows for iterative “what-if” scenario analyses over critical 24 h periods to assess the synergistic impact of green infrastructure (GI) and advanced materials. Validation against real-world monitoring data from the Grow-Green project confirmed the model’s accuracy, with a maximum error of only 0.22%. The results demonstrate that interconnecting isolated green areas and utilizing local porous materials can reduce UHI spot temperatures by 2–4 °C while significantly lowering building energy consumption. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Digital Design and Impact Assessment of New Building Materials)
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37 pages, 3649 KB  
Systematic Review
Experimental and Analytical Methods in Nanotechnology-Based Wood Surface Treatments: A Systematic Review
by Michał Rykaczewski, Izabela Betlej and Piotr Boruszewski
Appl. Sci. 2026, 16(13), 6489; https://doi.org/10.3390/app16136489 - 29 Jun 2026
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 621
Abstract
The growing application of nanotechnology in wood modification has led to significant improvements in the durability, fire resistance, and biological stability of wood-based building materials, such as glued laminated timber (GLT), as well as related chemical products, including fire retardants and anticorrosion preservatives. [...] Read more.
The growing application of nanotechnology in wood modification has led to significant improvements in the durability, fire resistance, and biological stability of wood-based building materials, such as glued laminated timber (GLT), as well as related chemical products, including fire retardants and anticorrosion preservatives. While numerous review papers have focused on material performance and functionalisation strategies, a comprehensive analysis of the research methodologies employed in this field remains limited. This review addresses this gap by systematically examining the experimental and analytical methods used in studies on nanomaterial-modified wood surface treatments. Scientific articles published and indexed in the Web of Science and Scopus databases within the last ten years were selected using keywords related to wood, nanotechnology, and surface applications simulating industrial timber treatment processes applied in factories and construction sites. Publications were screened according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study selection process was conducted according to the PRISMA methodology, and 74 studies meeting the inclusion criteria were selected for the final analysis. Extracted methodological features were coded and analysed using frequency-based descriptive statistics. Considerable methodological heterogeneity was observed among the analysed studies. Softwood species, TiO2- and ZnO-based nanomaterials, and brushing or immersion treatments represented the most frequently investigated research configurations. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), often combined with EDS and XRD analyses, occupied a central role within the analytical framework of nanomodified wood research. In contrast, long-term durability assessments, biological resistance testing, and fire-performance evaluations were comparatively underrepresented. The review also revealed substantial variability in the use of testing standards and statistical methods. By linking research methodologies to normative requirements for construction materials, this work provides a methodological framework supporting future research, standardisation, certification, and commercial implementation of nanomaterial-based wood protection systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Digital Design and Impact Assessment of New Building Materials)
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