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Antibiotics
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Antibiotics Use in Farms, 2nd Volume
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Antibiotics Use in Farms, 2nd Volume

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382). This special issue belongs to the section "Antibiotics in Animal Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2024 | Viewed by 3573

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Linda Bester

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
2. Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa
Interests: bacteria epidemiology; molecular surveillance of bacteria; one-health genomics; zoonotic pathogens; human health risk
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We have published a successful Special Issue titled “Antibiotics Use in Farms”. This result encouraged us to open a second volume on the same topic. For this volume we would encourage original research papers and comprehensive reviews. 

To recapture our rationale in the previous volume: Centuries ago, scientists noticed the resemblances in disease progression between animals and humans. The modus operandi up until that moment had been to practice medicine on animals separately from humans as if these were confined microbiological spaces, and the acknowledgement of antibiotic resistance in microorganisms set in motion a global movement in antibiotic stewardship, conceding the linked and articulated space of animals, humans and the environment. There is an abundance of reports on the after–effects of antibiotic strategies adopted for farming systems by different countries. However, it is reasonable to conclude that the implementation and sustainability of these strategies bring about challenges and confining antibiotic resistance within territory borders, an even more significant challenge. This second volume invites manuscript submissions to enlighten the scientific community on the latest surveillance and epidemiological data from farm production systems (animal and plant) on clinically important pathogens of risk acquiring resistance. This also includes farming communities’ attitude toward antibiotic usage several years after implementing governmental strategies. In addition, innovative strategies to decrease/overcome antibiotics in farming systems are encouraged, such as unconventional treatment options, non-antibiotic approaches, vaccines (including DNA and mRNA vaccines), probiotics and genetic modification technologies. This is also an extended invitation to novel biosecurity strategies to reduce the intervention of antibiotics.

You are welcome to read the published papers in the first Special Issue: Antibiotics Use in Farms.

Dr. Linda Bester
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antibiotics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • non-antibiotic
  • alternative (to antibiotics) therapeutic options
  • alternative production strategies for vaccines
  • farm-sourced surveillance of antibiotic resistance
  • farmers attitude
  • policies

Related Special Issue

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 658 KiB  
Article
Multiple Drug Resistant Streptococcus Strains—An Actual Problem in Pig Farms in Western Romania
by Luminita Costinar, Corina Badea, Adela Marcu, Corina Pascu and Viorel Herman
Antibiotics 2024, 13(3), 277; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13030277 - 19 Mar 2024
Viewed by 1051
Abstract
Streptococci are a type of bacteria that can cause severe illnesses in humans and animals. Some typical species like S. suis, or atypical species like S. porcinus and, S. dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae, can cause infections like septicemia, meningitis, endocarditis, arthritis, and [...] Read more.
Streptococci are a type of bacteria that can cause severe illnesses in humans and animals. Some typical species like S. suis, or atypical species like S. porcinus and, S. dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae, can cause infections like septicemia, meningitis, endocarditis, arthritis, and septic shock. S. suis is considered a newly emerging zoonotic pathogen. Although human streptococcal infection outbreaks are rare, it is appropriate to review the main streptococcal species isolated in pig farms in western Romania, due to the high degree of antibiotic resistance among most isolates commonly used in human treatment. This study examines the resistance patterns of these isolates over 5 years (2018–2023). The research investigated the antimicrobial susceptibility of 267 strains of Streptococcus spp. isolated from pigs, primarily from lung and brain tissues. This report is the first to describe the distribution of atypical Streptococcus species (SDSE, S. porcinus, S. hyovaginalis, S. pluranimalium, S. canis) in Romania, as well as the antibiotic resistance profile of these potentially zoonotic species. It is important to re-evaluate and consider the high rates of resistance of S. suis to tetracyclines, lincosamides, macrolides, and aminoglycosides, as well as the high recovery rates of S. suis from the lungs and brain when treating swine diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antibiotics Use in Farms, 2nd Volume)
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11 pages, 459 KiB  
Article
Assessment and Assay Comparison for Detection of Antimicrobial Residues in Freshwater Aquaculture Fish in Erbil Governorate, Iraq
by Dhary Alewy Almashhadany, Abdulwahed Ahmed Hassan, Rzgar Farooq Rashid, Amir Abdulmawjood and Izhar U. H. Khan
Antibiotics 2024, 13(3), 225; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13030225 - 28 Feb 2024
Viewed by 1121
Abstract
The excessive and uncontrolled application of antibiotics in the fish farming industry, coupled with a lack of health monitoring and medication practices, is a driving force behind the escalating development of antimicrobial resistance. The present study assessed and compared qualitative field diffusion (QFD) [...] Read more.
The excessive and uncontrolled application of antibiotics in the fish farming industry, coupled with a lack of health monitoring and medication practices, is a driving force behind the escalating development of antimicrobial resistance. The present study assessed and compared qualitative field diffusion (QFD) and disk diffusion (DD) assays for the detection of antimicrobial residues (ARs) in diverse freshwater aquaculture fish. A total of 380 freshwater aquaculture fish (160 fresh and 180 frozen) samples were systematically collected between January and June 2021 from various retail stores located in Erbil Governorate, Iraq. Based on QFDA results, overall, ARs were detected (52; 15.3%) at a relatively lower frequency with comparatively higher frequency (21; 31.1%) in fresh than (31; 17.2%) frozen fish samples. On the other hand, DDA also revealed a comparable (45; 13.2%) prevalence rate of ARs. However, a low detection was observed more in fresh (17; 10.6%) than frozen (28; 15.6%) fish samples. Moreover, no statistically significant disparity (χ2 = 0.069; p = 0.79) between two assays and types of fish was recorded. In conclusion, the results of the present study showed that detecting a considerable frequency of ARs in these fish samples raises concerns about potential threats to public health. This underscores the necessity for understanding antibiotic application in aquaculture and its potential connection to antibiotic resistance in bacterial pathogens. Such comprehension is pivotal for formulating and implementing effective control and farm management strategies to address this pressing issue. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antibiotics Use in Farms, 2nd Volume)
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14 pages, 3024 KiB  
Article
Regional-Scale Analysis of Antimicrobial Usage in Smallholder Cattle Herds (Aosta Valley, Italy): Why Surveillance Matters
by Federico Scali, Sandra Ganio, Claudio Roullet, Mauro Ruffier, Stefania Bergagna, Giulia Pagliasso, Claudia Romeo, Nicoletta Formenti, Antonio Marco Maisano, Giovanni Santucci, Matteo Tonni, Federica Guadagno, Francesca Mazza, Flavia Guarneri, Giorgio Bontempi, Loredana Candela and Giovanni Loris Alborali
Antibiotics 2024, 13(3), 204; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13030204 - 22 Feb 2024
Viewed by 868
Abstract
Optimising antimicrobial usage (AMU) in livestock is pivotal to counteract the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. We analysed AMU in more than 1000 cattle herds over 11 years (2008–2018) in the Aosta Valley (Italy), a region where 80% of farms house less than 50 [...] Read more.
Optimising antimicrobial usage (AMU) in livestock is pivotal to counteract the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. We analysed AMU in more than 1000 cattle herds over 11 years (2008–2018) in the Aosta Valley (Italy), a region where 80% of farms house less than 50 cattle. Dairy cows accounted for over 95% of AMU. AMU was estimated using the defined daily dose animal for Italy (DDDAit) per biomass for the whole herd and a treatment incidence 100 (TI100) for cows. Average annual herd-level AMU was low, with 3.6 DDDAit/biomass (range: 3.2–4.0) and 1.2 TI100 in cows (range: 1.1–1.3). Third and fourth generation cephalosporins, which are critical for human medicine, represented almost 10% of usage, and intramammary antimicrobials accounted for over 60%. We detected significant downward temporal trends in total AMU, as well as a positive relationship with herd size. The magnitude of such effects was small, leaving scant room for further reduction. However, the frequent use of critical antimicrobials and intramammary products should be addressed, following the principles of prudent AMU. Our findings highlight the importance of monitoring AMU even in low-production, smallholding contexts where a low usage is expected, to identify any deficiencies and implement interventions for further AMU optimisation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antibiotics Use in Farms, 2nd Volume)
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