Special Issue "Fishmeal and Fish Oil Replacement in Aquaculture"
A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615).
Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2021.
Special Issue Editors
Interests: tench; freshwater crayfish; culture; nutrition; feeding
Interests: tench; freshwater crayfish; culture; nutrition; feeding
Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
The global demand for marine and freshwater foods is increasing and it is predicted that aquaculture will supply the majority of aquatic dietary protein by 2050. Encompassing more than 500 species and a wide range of culture systems, aquaculture is one of the fastest-growing food production sectors and, thus, sustainability challenges must be addressed. The use of fishmeal and fish oil in aquafeeds is one of the main concerns, as their production relies on large amounts of wild-caught fish. Both products seem to have stabilized their production, 5 million and 1 million metric tons respectively, and a future increase is not expected. Considering that, more than 70% of fishmeal and fish oil are consumed by the aquaculture sector, research on replacement possibilities with other protein and lipid sources is necessary.
Original manuscripts that address any aspects of alternative sources to fish meal and oil in aquaculture feeding are invited for this Special Issue. In particular, aspects such as optimal inclusion levels in diets, digestibility, effects on animal survival, growth and health, and impact on product quality.
Prof. José M. Carral
Dr. María Sáez-Royuela
Guest Editors
Manuscript Submission Information
Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All papers will be peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.
Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Animals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.
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Keywords
- Fish meal
- fish oil
- aquaculture diets
- alternative protein sources
- alternative lipid sources
Planned Papers
The below list represents only planned manuscripts. Some of these manuscripts have not been received by the Editorial Office yet. Papers submitted to MDPI journals are subject to peer-review.
Title: Effects of yeast β-glucan and carboxymethylglucan on immunity and gut health of turbot Scophthalmus maximus fed soybean meal-containing diet
Authors: Nan Bai
Affiliation: Shandong University, Weihai, China
Abstract: Soybean meal is one of the most widely used alternative protein sources for aquafeed, but its negative influence on fish immunity and gut health limits its application. Yeast β-glucan is a well-documented immunostimulant, and its beneficial effects on gut health have been reported in different cultured fish species. Carboxymethylglucan has higher potential bioactivity than β-glucan due to its better solubility. However, whether yeast β-glucan and carboxymethylglucan exert favorable influence on the gut health and the immunity of fish fed soybean meal is still unclear. The present work was conducted to investigate and compare the effects of yeast β-glucan and carboxymethylglucan on the immunity and gut health of turbot Scophthalmus maximus fed a diet containing soybean meal. Turbots (initial weight 7.6 g) were fed with one of three isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets for eight weeks: SBM, a basal diet with 40% soybean meal inclusion level; SBMGLU, SBM diet plus 0.2% yeast β-glucan; SBMCMG, SBM diet plus 0.2% carboxymethylglucan. A typical soybean meal-induced enteritis (SBMIE) phenomenon was observed in fish fed the SBM diet. The yeast β-glucan and carboxymethylglucan supplementation improved growth performance, feed utilization, and counteracted the negative effects of SBM on immunity by increasing the plasma lysozyme activity and concentrations of IgM, complement 3, and complement 4. Furthermore, they improved gut health by alleviating the intestinal inflammation and reducing the expression of inflammatory cytokines (P < 0.05). The structure of intestinal autochthonous bacteria was also altered by dietary yeast β-glucan and carboxymethylglucan. In conclusion, the present work confirmed the beneficial influence of dietary yeast β-glucan and carboxymethylglucan on turbots suffering from soy enteropathy. This work also laid the foundations for the further development of more efficient nutritional strategies against SBMIE and revealed the mechanisms underlying SBMIE and the anti-inflammation function of yeast β-glucan.
Title: Mixtures of plant proteins in grow-out diets for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): effect on fillet composition, fatty acid profile and sensory properties under field conditions
Authors: Mary Dziedzorm Asipunu1; Kwasi Adu Obirikorang1; Collins Prah Duodu2; Daniel Adjei-Boateng1*
Affiliation: 1Department of Fisheries and Watershed Management, KNUST, Kumasi, Ghana
2Department of Marine and Fisheries Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
Abstract: The study evaluated the effect of mixtures of plant protein ingredients in diets for Nile tilapia on nutrient digestibility, fillet composition, fatty acid profile, sensory properties and histology. Three experimental diets (Diet 1, Diet 2 and Diet 3) containing 30% dietary protein were prepared to contain different proportions of groundnut meal, cottonseed meal, copra meal and soybean meal, to contribute a total of 80% combined plant proteins to dietary protein. Meanwhile, in each diet, soybean meal contributed the most protein. A commercially available tilapia grower feed was used as the control diet (CTRL) and fed to the fish (initial weight = 70 ± 0.8g) in twelve 150m2 earthen ponds at 2 fishm-2 for 147 days. Fish fillets analyzed at the end of the experiment showed no differences (p<0.05) in the fillet proximate composition, fatty acids profile and sensory properties of the fish. However, fish fed Diet 3 (soybean meal only) retained 9%, 6%, and 5% more protein in their body over Diet 2, Diet 3, and the CTRL, respectively. Lipid deposition around the viscera was about 2.4 – 3.6-fold greater in the plant-based diets than the CTRL diet. Alpha-linolenic acid (n-3) was 7-times greater in Diet 1 than in the CTRL diet. Meanwhile, fish fed Diet 3 contained the highest amount of alpha-linoleic (n-6) acid. Yet, all the experimental diets induced higher fat deposition in the livers of the fish but had no effect on the intestine. The texture, flavour and taste of the fish were not affected by the plant protein diets. In conclusion, the plant protein ingredients had no effect on the proximate composition, fatty acid profile, sensory properties, and histology of Nile tilapia.