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Algorithms
Special Issues
Selected Papers from LATA 2010
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Selected Papers from LATA 2010

A special issue of Algorithms (ISSN 1999-4893).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 August 2011) | Viewed by 26127

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Henning Fernau

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Guest Editor
Informatikwissenschaften, Fachbereich 4, Universität Trier, Universitätsring 15, 54296 Trier, Germany
Interests: complexity theory; fixed parameter algorithms; formal languages; fractal geometry; learning algorithms (machine learning) and pattern recognition
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Carlos Martín-Vide

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Guest Editor
Research Group on Mathematical Linguistics, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain
Interests: mathematical linguistics; formal languages; molecular computing; computational linguistics

Special Issue Information

LATA is a yearly conference in theoretical computer science and its applications. LATA 2010 aimed at attracting contributions from both classical theory fields and application areas (bioinformatics, systems biology, language technology, artificial intelligence, etc.). This Special Issue collects selected extended algorithm-oriented papers from LATA 2010 that were especially invited for this Special Issue.

Keywords

  • data and image compression
  • document engineering
  • grammatical inference and algorithmic learning
  • pattern matching and pattern recognition
  • text algorithms
  • text retrieval

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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521 KiB  
Article
An Algorithm to Compute the Character Access Count Distribution for Pattern Matching Algorithms
by Tobias Marschall and Sven Rahmann
Algorithms 2011, 4(4), 285-306; https://doi.org/10.3390/a4040285 - 31 Oct 2011
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 9048
Abstract
We propose a framework for the exact probabilistic analysis of window-based pattern matching algorithms, such as Boyer–Moore, Horspool, Backward DAWG Matching, Backward Oracle Matching, and more. In particular, we develop an algorithm that efficiently computes the distribution of a pattern matching algorithm’s running [...] Read more.
We propose a framework for the exact probabilistic analysis of window-based pattern matching algorithms, such as Boyer–Moore, Horspool, Backward DAWG Matching, Backward Oracle Matching, and more. In particular, we develop an algorithm that efficiently computes the distribution of a pattern matching algorithm’s running time cost (such as the number of text character accesses) for any given pattern in a random text model. Text models range from simple uniform models to higher-order Markov models or hidden Markov models (HMMs). Furthermore, we provide an algorithm to compute the exact distribution of differences in running time cost of two pattern matching algorithms. Methodologically, we use extensions of finite automata which we call deterministic arithmetic automata (DAAs) and probabilistic arithmetic automata (PAAs) [1]. Given an algorithm, a pattern, and a text model, a PAA is constructed from which the sought distributions can be derived using dynamic programming. To our knowledge, this is the first time that substring- or suffix-based pattern matching algorithms are analyzed exactly by computing the whole distribution of running time cost. Experimentally, we compare Horspool’s algorithm, Backward DAWG Matching, and Backward Oracle Matching on prototypical patterns of short length and provide statistics on the size of minimal DAAs for these computations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from LATA 2010)
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536 KiB  
Article
The Smallest Grammar Problem as Constituents Choice and Minimal Grammar Parsing
by Rafael Carrascosa, François Coste, Matthias Gallé and Gabriel Infante-Lopez
Algorithms 2011, 4(4), 262-284; https://doi.org/10.3390/a4040262 - 26 Oct 2011
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 8847
Abstract
The smallest grammar problem—namely, finding a smallest context-free grammar that generates exactly one sequence—is of practical and theoretical importance in fields such as Kolmogorov complexity, data compression and pattern discovery. We propose a new perspective on this problem by splitting it into two [...] Read more.
The smallest grammar problem—namely, finding a smallest context-free grammar that generates exactly one sequence—is of practical and theoretical importance in fields such as Kolmogorov complexity, data compression and pattern discovery. We propose a new perspective on this problem by splitting it into two tasks: (1) choosing which words will be the constituents of the grammar and (2) searching for the smallest grammar given this set of constituents. We show how to solve the second task in polynomial time parsing longer constituent with smaller ones. We propose new algorithms based on classical practical algorithms that use this optimization to find small grammars. Our algorithms consistently find smaller grammars on a classical benchmark reducing the size in 10% in some cases. Moreover, our formulation allows us to define interesting bounds on the number of small grammars and to empirically compare different grammars of small size. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from LATA 2010)
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493 KiB  
Article
Applying Length-Dependent Stochastic Context-Free Grammars to RNA Secondary Structure Prediction
by Frank Weinberg and Markus E. Nebel
Algorithms 2011, 4(4), 223-238; https://doi.org/10.3390/a4040223 - 21 Oct 2011
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 7561
Abstract
In order to be able to capture effects from co-transcriptional folding, we extend stochastic context-free grammars such that the probability of applying a rule can depend on the length of the subword that is eventually generated from the symbols introduced by the rule, [...] Read more.
In order to be able to capture effects from co-transcriptional folding, we extend stochastic context-free grammars such that the probability of applying a rule can depend on the length of the subword that is eventually generated from the symbols introduced by the rule, and we show that existing algorithms for training and for determining the most probable parse tree can easily be adapted to the extended model without losses in performance. Furthermore, we show that the extended model is suited to improve the quality of predictions of RNA secondary structures. The extended model may also be applied to other fields where stochastic context-free grammars are used like natural language processing. Additionally some interesting questions in the field of formal languages arise from it. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from LATA 2010)
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