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Agronomy
Special Issues
Flowering Time Regulation: Implications for Plant Adaptation and Yield Improvement
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Flowering Time Regulation: Implications for Plant Adaptation and Yield Improvement

A special issue of Agronomy (ISSN 2073-4395). This special issue belongs to the section "Crop Breeding and Genetics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2024) | Viewed by 4296

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Nazgol Emrani

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Plant Breeding Institute, University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
Interests: plant breeding; quinoa; flowering time regulation; oil and protein crops; rapeseed

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Climate change, diminishing arable land, and limited access to agrochemicals pose significant challenges to sustainably feeding the expanding global population. Addressing these challenges necessitates strategies that enhance crop productivity per unit area, improve crop adaptability to changing environments, and explore the viability of introducing crops to new regions. The timing of the transition from vegetative to reproductive stages plays a pivotal role not only in seed production and crop yield, but also in mitigating biotic and abiotic stresses. Consequently, understanding the intricate mechanisms regulating flowering time is imperative in addressing mounting concerns regarding future food availability.

This Special Issue seeks original research and review articles that investigate the molecular and chemical aspects of flowering time regulation. Additionally, we encourage submissions exploring the impact of flowering time on crop yield and adaptation and its potential implications for breeding across various species and under both biotic and abiotic stress conditions.

Dr. Nazgol Emrani
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Agronomy is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • flowering time
  • grain yield
  • adaptation
  • photoperiod sensitivity
  • vernalization
  • floral transition
  • genetic variation
  • plant breeding

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 2151 KiB  
Article
A Molecular Marker Within the NLP3-B1 Gene Is Associated with Earliness in Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
by Mikhail Bazhenov, Lyubov Nazarova, Timofey Mokhov, Olga Pukhova, Anastasiya Chernook, Alina Kocheshkova, Pavel Kroupin, Gennady Karlov and Mikhail Divashuk
Agronomy 2024, 14(12), 2888; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14122888 - 3 Dec 2024
Viewed by 845
Abstract
Earliness is a critical agronomic trait that enables plants to avoid adverse weather conditions during the late growing season or at harvest. In wheat, earliness is controlled by at least three distinct mechanisms: vernalization requirement, photoperiod sensitivity, and a mechanism independent of the [...] Read more.
Earliness is a critical agronomic trait that enables plants to avoid adverse weather conditions during the late growing season or at harvest. In wheat, earliness is controlled by at least three distinct mechanisms: vernalization requirement, photoperiod sensitivity, and a mechanism independent of the first two, so called, earliness per se. In this work we report a locus on chromosome 3B within NLP3-B1 (TraesCS3B02G190300) gene, coding a nitrate-sensitive transcription factor protein, which is associated with earliness in F5:6 of PI-518620 x CI-17241 spring wheat cross. The variant ‘A’ of the single nucleotide polymorphism NLP3-B1: c.1824+137G>A, which is proper to evolutionary earlier haplotypes, provides heading and anthesis that is 2 days earlier. The effect of this novel marker on earliness was additive to the effect of PPD-D1 locus in the same population; however, the effect of the former was weaker. Similarly, allele Ppd-D1a and the variant ‘A’ of the NLP3-B1: c.1824+137G>A polymorphism statistically significantly reduced the plant height (for 2.2 and 1.3 cm, correspondingly) and changed some other agronomical traits; however, these light pleiotropic effects are not of practical value. The possible direct impact of NLP3-B1 on the timing of flowering via altered nitrate sensitivity has been discussed, and other candidate genes on chromosome 3B have also been suggested. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Flowering Time Regulation: Implications for Plant Adaptation and Yield Improvement)
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12 pages, 4859 KiB  
Communication
The Grapevine MADS-Box Protein VvAGL11 Induces Early Flowering in Arabidopsis
by Huiping Liu, Tingting Ding, Qingtian Zhang, Ke Li, Ao Li, Fengxia Wang, Qian Mu, Lanshe Liu, Guowei Yang, Ye Zhang and Pengfei Wang
Agronomy 2024, 14(11), 2497; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14112497 - 25 Oct 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 827
Abstract
Grapevine (Vitis vinifera) is an important and popular perennial fruit tree cultivated worldwide. Grapevine ripening is affected by flowering time, and although members of the MADS-box protein family play vital roles in regulating flowering in plants, the functions of MADS-box proteins [...] Read more.
Grapevine (Vitis vinifera) is an important and popular perennial fruit tree cultivated worldwide. Grapevine ripening is affected by flowering time, and although members of the MADS-box protein family play vital roles in regulating flowering in plants, the functions of MADS-box proteins in grapevine remain largely unknown. AGAMOUS-LIKE 11 (VvAGL11), a MADS-box gene in grapevine, was reported to be a regulator of seed morphogenesis. In this study, heterologous overexpression of VvAGL11 was found to significantly promote flowering in Arabidopsis, suggesting that its active expression in grapevine may induce early flowering and ripening. Transcriptome analysis showed that VvAGL11 overexpression affected the expression of genes involved in stress responses, hormonal signaling responses, and flowering regulation. Notably, VvAGL11 significantly increased the expression of key flowering genes such as FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), APETALA3 (AP3), and SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE 5 (SPL5), which might have contributed to the early flowering in Arabidopsis. In summary, we characterized a novel flowering regulator, VvAGL11, which could be a potential target for early ripening breeding in grapevine. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Flowering Time Regulation: Implications for Plant Adaptation and Yield Improvement)
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20 pages, 3216 KiB  
Article
The Combined Analysis of the Transcriptome and Metabolome Revealed the Possible Mechanism of Flower Bud Formation in Amorphophallus bulbifer
by Wenchao Li, Peng Xu, Cheng Qian, Xing Zhao, Huini Xu and Kunzhi Li
Agronomy 2024, 14(3), 519; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14030519 - 2 Mar 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1822
Abstract
The flowering of Amorphophallus bulbifer (A. bulbifer) plays an important role in its reproduction. The flowers and leaves of A. bulbifer cannot grow at the same time. However, the physiological and molecular mechanisms involved in flower bud and leaf bud formation are [...] Read more.
The flowering of Amorphophallus bulbifer (A. bulbifer) plays an important role in its reproduction. The flowers and leaves of A. bulbifer cannot grow at the same time. However, the physiological and molecular mechanisms involved in flower bud and leaf bud formation are still unclear. In this study, the flower buds and leaf buds of A. bulbifer in the early stage of growth were used as research materials, transcriptome and metabolome analyses were carried out, and the soluble sugar and starch contents of A. bulbifer corms were determined. Transcriptome analysis revealed 5542 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between flower buds and leaf buds, 3107 of which were upregulated and 2435 of which were downregulated. Enrichment analysis of the KEGG pathway showed that these differential genes were enriched mainly in the plant hormone signal transduction, DNA replication and fatty acid elongation pathways. A total of 5296 significant differentially abundant metabolites were screened out by nontargeted metabolomics analysis. The differentially abundant metabolites were functionally classified in the HMDB, and 118 were successfully matched, including 17 that were highly expressed in flower buds. The differentially abundant metabolites in the flower buds were mainly enriched in pathways such as amino acid metabolism, isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis and pyrimidine metabolism. Targeted metabolomics analysis revealed that the contents of ABA, ZT and iPA in flower buds were significantly greater than those in leaf buds, while the opposite trend was observed for IAA. The analysis of soluble sugar and starch contents showed that the starch and soluble sugar contents in flower buds were significantly greater than those in leaf buds. The results of this study showed that flower bud development in A. bulbifer was regulated by amino acids, starch, ABA, ZT, iPA, IAA and other hormones. These findings could lead to valuable genetic resources for further study of A. bulbifer flowering and provide a deeper understanding of the molecular basis of A. bulbifer flowering. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Flowering Time Regulation: Implications for Plant Adaptation and Yield Improvement)
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