Genome Sequencing and Analysis in Crops

A special issue of Agronomy (ISSN 2073-4395). This special issue belongs to the section "Crop Breeding and Genetics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 July 2020) | Viewed by 2740

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Plant Genome and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich-Neuherberg 85764, Germany; Plant Genome Biology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 80333 München, Germany
Interests: plant genomics; gene expression; gene regulation; bioinformatics and computational biology; DNA sequencing; evolution

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The past two decades has seen the initial implementation and development of plant genome sequencing followed by sequential deciphering of numerous crop genomes. Intrinsic obstacles that are different from genomes in human and animals like e.g often found polypoidy, long and complex tracts of repetitive DNA and in part the sheer size of at least some of the crop genomes has asked for the development of technologies, strategies and approaches different from recipes used in genome sequencing in other kingdoms of life.

However, now for a wide variety of different crop reference genomes have been made available over the last years and enabled to now address important and fundamental biological questions and the speedy characterization and cloning of genes underlying traits of interest.

The special issues will aim to reflect on the current status of crop genome sequencing and the new and exciting avenues that are now open to be explored by putting the reference genomes to work. Ms. to be considered in the Agronomy special issue on Crop Genome Sequencing can thus embrace a broader spectrum of research contributions that are interlinked with genomes and new directions and challenges in crop genomics -reaching far beyond application of sequencing technology only-:

  • genomes and genome sequencing technology in the large and complex crops
  • polyploid crop genomics
  • phenomes
  • crop transcriptomes
  • crop proteomes
  • the transition to breeding (pan-genomes and -regulomes)
  • germplasm dynamics; drift and fixation
  • domestication genomics
  • quantitative genetics & genomics;
  • heterosis and how (pan)genome insights help to understand and utilize the phenomenon in advance plant breeding

Prof. Dr. Klaus F. X. Mayer
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

17 pages, 1911 KiB  
Article
Discovery of Four Novel ORFs Responsible for Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) in Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) through Comparative Analysis of the Mitochondrial Genomes of Four Isoplasmic Lines
by Min Li, Li Chen, Danfeng Tang, Xiaofang Liao, Xiangjun Kong, Bin Li, Jingyi You and Ruiyang Zhou
Agronomy 2020, 10(6), 765; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10060765 - 27 May 2020
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2560
Abstract
Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is an important feature for achieving heterosis in the development of hybrid crops. Mitochondria contribute to CMS, especially via mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) rearrangements and chimeric genes. However, the mechanisms of CMS have not been fully elucidated, and the isonuclear [...] Read more.
Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is an important feature for achieving heterosis in the development of hybrid crops. Mitochondria contribute to CMS, especially via mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) rearrangements and chimeric genes. However, the mechanisms of CMS have not been fully elucidated, and the isonuclear alloplasmic lines used in previous studies have limited utility in cotton CMS research. In this study, three CMS lines (J4A-1, J4A-2 and J4A-3) and their isoplasmic maintainer line (J4B) were analyzed for mtDNA structural differences via high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that mtDNA was conserved (with similarities higher than 99%) among the three CMS lines and their isoplasmic maintainer line. All lines harbored 36 known protein-coding genes, 3 rRNAs, and 15 tRNAs. The protein-coding genes with non-synonymous mutations mainly encoded two types of proteins: ATPase and ribosomal proteins. Four new open reading frames (ORFs) (orf116b, orf186a-1, orf186a-2 and orf305a) were identified as candidate ORFs responsible for CMS. Two of the ORFs (orf186a-1 and orf186a-2) were identified as orf4 and orf4-2 of the upland cotton CMS line 2074A (a line with Gossypium harknessii Brandegee CMS-D2-2 cytoplasm), respectively. These findings provide a reference for CMS research in cotton or other crops. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genome Sequencing and Analysis in Crops)
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