Solar, Volume 5, Issue 3

Photovoltaic energy has become a key pillar in the transition to sustainable energy systems, driven by the need for efficient energy conversion and the reduction of dependency on fossil fuels. Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) is central to optimiz...

Bifacial photovoltaic (PV) modules have the advantage of using light reflected off of the ground to contribute to power production. Predicting the energy gain is challenging and requires complex models to do so accurately. Often, module degradation o...

Domestic water heaters traditionally use natural gas or electric resistance to heat stored water. A gas water heater relies on a non-renewable resource, while an electric water heater might rely on electricity generated by a non-renewable resource. T...

The study investigates a hybrid energy system integrating photovoltaic (PV) panels, micro-CHP units, battery storage, and thermal storage to meet the winter energy demands of a residential building in Bacău, Romania. Using real-world experimenta...

The expansion of solar photovoltaic (PV) energy is a central pillar of Italy’s climate and energy transition strategy. However, the actual availability of land for PV deployment is heavily influenced by a complex regulatory framework that impos...

The Union of the Comoros, located in the Indian Ocean, faces persistent energy challenges due to its geographic isolation, heavy dependence on imported fossil fuels, and underdeveloped electricity infrastructure. This study investigates the techno-ec...

In many developing African countries, milk safety is often managed through traditional methods such as fermentation or boiling over firewood. While these approaches reduce some microbial risks, they present critical limitations. Firewood dependency c...

Solar cells based on the hybrid perovskite absorbers had shown very high growth of their conversion efficiency almost reaching to the Shockley–Queisser limit during last decade. However, low stability prevents to widely use them in industry and...

Sources of renewable energy have attracted considerable attention. Their expanded use will have a substantial impact on both the cost of energy production and climate change. Solar energy is one efficient and safe option; however, solar energy harves...

Direct electrification and hydrogen utilization represent two key pathways for decarbonizing the glass industry, with their effectiveness subject to adequate furnace design and renewable energy availability. This study presents a techno-economic asse...