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Compounds, Volume 5, Issue 3 (September 2025) – 3 articles

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22 pages, 3251 KiB  
Review
Chemical Functionalization of Camelina, Hemp, and Rapeseed Oils for Sustainable Resin Applications: Strategies for Tailoring Structure and Performance
by Elham Nadim, Pavan Paraskar, Emma J. Murphy, Mohammadnabi Hesabi and Ian Major
Compounds 2025, 5(3), 26; https://doi.org/10.3390/compounds5030026 - 10 Jul 2025
Abstract
This review examines the chemical functionalization of Camelina, hemp, and rapeseed oils for the development of sustainable bio-based resins. Key strategies, including epoxidation, acrylation, and click chemistry, are discussed in the context of tailoring molecular structure to enhance reactivity, compatibility, and material performance. [...] Read more.
This review examines the chemical functionalization of Camelina, hemp, and rapeseed oils for the development of sustainable bio-based resins. Key strategies, including epoxidation, acrylation, and click chemistry, are discussed in the context of tailoring molecular structure to enhance reactivity, compatibility, and material performance. Particular emphasis is placed on overcoming the inherent limitations of vegetable oil structures to enable their integration into high-performance polymer systems. The agricultural sustainability and environmental advantages of these feedstocks are also highlighted alongside the technical challenges associated with their chemical modification. Functionalized oils derived from Camelina, hemp, and rapeseed have been successfully applied in various resin systems, including protective coatings, pressure-sensitive adhesives, UV-curable oligomers, and polyurethane foams. These advances demonstrate their growing potential as renewable alternatives to petroleum-based polymers and underline the critical role of structure–property relationships in designing next-generation sustainable materials. Ultimately, the objective of this review is to distill the most effective functionalization pathways and design principles, thereby illustrating how Camelina, hemp, and rapeseed oils could serve as viable substitutes for petrochemical resins in future industrial applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Compounds–Derived from Nature)
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11 pages, 548 KiB  
Article
Synthesis of Heterocyclic Compounds with a Cineole Fragment in Reactions of α-Pinene-Derived Diol and Monoterpenoid Aldehydes
by Oksana S. Patrusheva, Irina V. Ilyina, Nariman F. Salakhutdinov, Stela T. Dragomanova and Konstantin P. Volcho
Compounds 2025, 5(3), 25; https://doi.org/10.3390/compounds5030025 - 7 Jul 2025
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Abstract
Monoterpenes and their derivatives are important starting compounds in the design of new biologically active substances. In particular, cineole, isolated from eucalyptus essential oil, exhibits a wide range of biological activities. Here, the synthesis of new heterocyclic compounds containing a cineole fragment by [...] Read more.
Monoterpenes and their derivatives are important starting compounds in the design of new biologically active substances. In particular, cineole, isolated from eucalyptus essential oil, exhibits a wide range of biological activities. Here, the synthesis of new heterocyclic compounds containing a cineole fragment by the acid-catalyzed condensation of α-pinene-derived 8-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyllimonene with monoterpene aldehydes was carried out for the first time. The reactions of 8-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyllimonene with cuminaldehyde, perillylaldehyde, myrtenal, citral, and geranial were studied in the presence of heterogeneous K10 clay or Lewis acid BF3·Et2O. The main products of these reactions were compounds with the methanopyrano[4,3-b]pyran scaffold having a 1,8-cineole fragment. As a result of this work, five new compounds with the methanopyrano[4,3-b]pyran scaffold were synthesized. The use of BF3·Et2O led to an increase in the yields of target products, compared with the results obtained on K10 clay. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Compounds (2025))
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11 pages, 2358 KiB  
Communication
Quinaldehyde o-Nitrobenzoylhydrazone: Structure and Sensitization of HepG2 Cells to Anti-Cancer Drugs
by Valeri V. Mossine, Steven P. Kelley and Thomas P. Mawhinney
Compounds 2025, 5(3), 24; https://doi.org/10.3390/compounds5030024 - 25 Jun 2025
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Abstract
A quinoline unit is present in many natural products and is an attractive pharmacophore for the development of clinical drugs, including antineoplastics. The title compound (QN) was synthesized via the condensation reaction between quinoline-2-carboxaldehyde and 2-nitrobenzhydrazide. QN’s structure was examined by X-ray diffraction [...] Read more.
A quinoline unit is present in many natural products and is an attractive pharmacophore for the development of clinical drugs, including antineoplastics. The title compound (QN) was synthesized via the condensation reaction between quinoline-2-carboxaldehyde and 2-nitrobenzhydrazide. QN’s structure was examined by X-ray diffraction and features extensive stacking interactions in the crystal. The compound is weakly toxic to HepG2 cells, with an IC50 exceeding 400 μM for 48 h exposure. QN at 50 μM, with the dose reduction index in the range of 1.9–4.4, potentiated the cytotoxicity of several clinical chemotherapeutic drugs, including doxorubicin and other topoisomerase inhibitors, vincristine, and carboplatin, but not cisplatin or 5-fluorouracil. The calculated ADME parameters predict satisfactory drug-like properties for QN. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Organic Compounds with Biological Activity)
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