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Genealogy, Volume 9, Issue 3 (September 2025) – 6 articles

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18 pages, 323 KiB

Open AccessReview

Social and Demographic Determinants of Consanguineous Marriage: Insights from a Literature Review

by Gabriela Popescu, Cristina Rusu, Alexandra Maștaleru, Andra Oancea, Carmen Marinela Cumpăt, Mihaela Cătălina Luca, Cristina Grosu and Maria Magdalena Leon

Genealogy 2025, 9(3), 69; https://doi.org/10.3390/genealogy9030069 - 4 Jul 2025

Abstract

Consanguinity is the marriage of two related persons. This type of marriage is one of the main pillars when it comes to recessive hereditary diseases, birth defects, infertility, miscarriages, abortion, and infant deaths. Intermarriage continues to be a common practice in various communities in North Africa, the Middle East, and West and South Asia, as well as among migrants from Europe and North America, even though in more and more countries it has become illegal. Even if security and stability are some of the motivations for consanguineous marriage, studies show that women often suffer physical and verbal abuse from their husbands. However, because of the blood bond, tolerance for these habits is much higher. In addition, it seems that the divorce rate is much lower because separation would affect the entire state of the family. The choice of partner is significantly influenced by variables such as limited access to education and financial resources. Illiterate people coming from poor rural areas are much more likely to choose consanguineous marriage to maintain wealth in the family. The lack of medical knowledge about the negative effects of consanguinity leads to an increased rate of abortions, infant deaths, and births of children with congenital birth defects. Today, because of the process of urbanization and increased levels of knowledge, the younger generation is becoming increasingly less receptive to this particular form of marriage. In addition, as education has become more accessible to women, they have become more independent and eager to fulfill their own goals and not the wishes of the family. In conclusion, contrary to the many apparent advantages of consanguineous marriage, partners should put genetic risks first, as medical problems bring with them increased costs in the medical system and also within the family, leading to even lower economic status and consequently perpetuation of this type of marriage. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Genealogical Communities: Community History, Myths, Cultures)

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14 pages, 213 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Collaborative Anti-Racist Perinatal Care: A Case Study of the Healthy Birth Initiatives–Providence Health System Partnership

by Roberta Suzette Hunte, Susanne Klawetter, Monique Gill, Desha Reed-Holden and Kevin Cherry

Genealogy 2025, 9(3), 68; https://doi.org/10.3390/genealogy9030068 - 4 Jul 2025

Abstract

This article describes a case study of the partnership between Healthy Birth Initiatives, a community-based organization (CBO) and Black-led public health nurse home visiting program, and the maternal health division of the Providence Health System located in the Pacific Northwest. This study’s purpose was to explore the formation, significance, and impact of this partnership from the perspectives of staff and leadership members from both organizations. We conducted a case study through qualitative interviews with staff, participant observation, and debrief of leadership meetings. We completed a hybrid deductive–inductive thematic analysis of the data, followed by member checking with study participants and other key interest holders. Key facilitators of the CBO–health system partnership included the vital role of leaders in prioritizing the partnership; health system willingness to incorporate new information from the CBO to improve care; and health system utilization of resources to institutionalize changes that emerged from this partnership. Challenges to the CBO–health system partnership included CBO resource limitations; fragmented referral processes and information sharing; and the persistence required to nurture the relationship without formalized roles. This study contributes to the literature by offering staff perspectives on how a CBO–health system partnership formed, successes, early lessons learned, and practical suggestions for how to develop stronger alignment to provide culturally responsive patient-centered care to Black families. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exploring Equality, Diversity and Inclusion in Healthcare Settings and Medical Education Institutions: Lived Experiences, Interventions, Policies, Theories and Best Practices)

21 pages, 2756 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Biography of Bones: Tracing the Shifting Meanings of Griqua Remains from Their 1961 Exhumation to the Present

by Richard Levi Raber and David Morris

Genealogy 2025, 9(3), 67; https://doi.org/10.3390/genealogy9030067 - 26 Jun 2025

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Abstract

Buried in 1858, Cornelis Kok II’s grave lay undisturbed in Campbell, Northern Cape, until 1961 when a multiracial coalition, driven by their own sets of interests, unearthed the Griqua leader’s remains. The bones again took centre stage with the collapse of apartheid when different groups called for their return and reburial, with an assertion, variously, of ascendant Griqua, indigenous, Khoisan, and Khoikhoi identities. The 2007 reinterment again courted controversy and protest, while the contemporary neglect of the new gravesite symbolizes feelings of exclusion and marginalization among some Campbell Griqua today. By tracing the life history of Kok II’s remains, well past his natural life, we demonstrate how they serve as a flashpoint mobilized by actors with different aims and objectives at different moments. These motivations range from scientistic confirmation of genealogy and identity under apartheid rule, to post-apartheid calls for repatriation anchored to a global indigenous rights framework, to factional contestations over ownership. Marshalled towards different political projects, for all these actors, the bones nonetheless serve as a resource and link to a 19th century frontier past. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exploring Race and Memory: Perspectives from the U.S. and South Africa)

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14 pages, 688 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Aboriginal Children in Aboriginal Care: Transforming the Landscape of Child Protection in Australia

by Kate McDonald, Muriel Bamblett, Lisa Curtis, Kylie Ponchard, Nancy Riviello, Necia Stanton and Connie Salamone

Genealogy 2025, 9(3), 66; https://doi.org/10.3390/genealogy9030066 - 26 Jun 2025

Viewed by 182

Abstract

Aboriginal communities in Australia have long advocated for self-determination in child protection. This includes appeals for greater structural authority in systems of care and protection, with Aboriginal children in the care of Aboriginal agencies. Advocacy from agencies, including the Victorian Aboriginal Child and Community Agency (VACCA), has resulted in legislative and funding reforms in Victoria that place Victorian Aboriginal community-controlled organisations (ACCOs) at the forefront of responses supporting Aboriginal children and families. This article provides an overview of that advocacy, the context in which the reform arose. Then, it details how VACCA has implemented the reforms by developing a model for Aboriginal child protection centred on culture, self-determination and human rights. Importantly, it discusses the process and negotiation of transferring authority exercised by the government to ACCOs and offers insights for the system and practice transformation. This article outlines how ACCOs like VACCA are shifting the language, culture and practice of child protection. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Self Determination in First Peoples Child Protection)

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16 pages, 330 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Internalized Oppression Among Young Women of Colour in Norway: Exploring the Racialized Self

by Tiara Fernanda Aros Olmedo, Hilde Danielsen and Ronald Mayora Synnes

Genealogy 2025, 9(3), 65; https://doi.org/10.3390/genealogy9030065 - 20 Jun 2025

Viewed by 644

Abstract

This article explores the impact of internalized oppression on young women of colour in Norway, focusing on how it unfolds across individual life trajectories. Drawing on a qualitative methodology, the study is based on narrative in-depth interviews with thirteen participants aged 18 to 35. The findings reveal that internalized oppression, particularly related to physical appearance, emerges early in life and is often reinforced through social interactions such as bullying, exclusion, and racialized commentary. These experiences frequently convey implicit preferences for whiteness, leading to marginalization and insecurity during adolescence. In response, several participants engaged in practices of assimilation, altering their physical appearance in attempts to embody features aligned with dominant white norms. In adulthood, many of these women have developed a critical awareness of internalized oppression and are engaged in processes of decolonizing their self-perceptions through solidarity with other women of colour. Nevertheless, they continue to grapple with lingering internalized biases. This study highlights the need for further research into the life narratives and everyday experiences of racialized individuals to better understand how they navigate, resist, and unlearn internalized oppression—while also considering the gendered dimension of how such oppression works. Full article

14 pages, 770 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Juke Sisters?

by Delwyn Blondell

Genealogy 2025, 9(3), 64; https://doi.org/10.3390/genealogy9030064 - 20 Jun 2025

Viewed by 173

Abstract

The Jukes: A study in crime, pauperism, disease, and heredity became one of the most well-known eugenic family studies. The study was first published in 1877, based on the research of R.L. Dugdale, and then reexamined by Arthur Estabrook with the support of the Eugenics Record Office in 1916. Taken together, the Juke family studies were used as evidence that generations of moral degenerates and criminals emerged when the ‘feeble-minded’ were allowed to ‘propagate’. This article reviews the story of the Jukes, including their true identities, and concludes that Dugdale did not adequately investigate the parents of the Juke sisters. Instead, he concocted a ‘family’ that lived in a location where relationships were complex. The research that followed only compounded these errors, as the political agenda of eugenics overrode scientific knowledge and ignored the poor quality of the original data. Full article

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