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Article

Increasing the Nutritional Value of Camelina Meal via Trametes versicolor Solid-State Fermentation with Various Co-Substrates

1
Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
2
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Ave, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Fermentation 2025, 11(2), 77; https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation11020077
Submission received: 1 January 2025 / Revised: 29 January 2025 / Accepted: 30 January 2025 / Published: 4 February 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Industrial Fermentation)

Abstract

Upcycling low-cost agricultural by-products into valuable and sustainable alternative feeding materials could secure human food-supply chains with a low carbon footprint. This study explored increasing the feeding value of camelina meal (CAM) mixed with wheat bran (WB), soybean hulls (SH), and rice hulls (RH) for monogastric animals via solid-state fermentation (SSF) using white rot fungus Trametes versicolor. Experiments evaluated fungal growth, amino acid profiles, structural carbohydrates, glucosinolates, phytate and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD). Weight loss analysis indicated that fungal growth was more active in WB/CAM and SH/CAM substrates than RH/CAM. Significant phytic acid degradation and near-complete glucosinolate elimination improved CAM feed quality across all substrates. Fermentation increased total and essential amino acids in the SH/CAM mixture, while reductions occurred in WB/CAM and RH/CAM mixtures. SH/CAM fermentation caused substantial cellulose and hemicellulose degradation, resulting in a 44% IVDMD increase. Conversely, RH/CAM fermentation decreased IVDMD despite a reduction in cellulose, possibly due to protein degradation. This study demonstrates the potential of T. versicolor-mediated SSF to enhance CAM and other agricultural residues’ feeding value for monogastric animal applications.
Keywords: solid-state fermentation; oilseed cover crop; monogastric animal feed; bioprocess; glucosinolates; camelina meal; Trametes versicolor solid-state fermentation; oilseed cover crop; monogastric animal feed; bioprocess; glucosinolates; camelina meal; Trametes versicolor

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MDPI and ACS Style

Boardman, K.; Sun, X.; Yao, D.; Chen, C.; van Lierop, L.; Hu, B. Increasing the Nutritional Value of Camelina Meal via Trametes versicolor Solid-State Fermentation with Various Co-Substrates. Fermentation 2025, 11, 77. https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation11020077

AMA Style

Boardman K, Sun X, Yao D, Chen C, van Lierop L, Hu B. Increasing the Nutritional Value of Camelina Meal via Trametes versicolor Solid-State Fermentation with Various Co-Substrates. Fermentation. 2025; 11(2):77. https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation11020077

Chicago/Turabian Style

Boardman, Kristin, Xiao Sun, Dana Yao, Chi Chen, Leif van Lierop, and Bo Hu. 2025. "Increasing the Nutritional Value of Camelina Meal via Trametes versicolor Solid-State Fermentation with Various Co-Substrates" Fermentation 11, no. 2: 77. https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation11020077

APA Style

Boardman, K., Sun, X., Yao, D., Chen, C., van Lierop, L., & Hu, B. (2025). Increasing the Nutritional Value of Camelina Meal via Trametes versicolor Solid-State Fermentation with Various Co-Substrates. Fermentation, 11(2), 77. https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation11020077

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