Efficacy of Commercial Sanitizers Used in Food Processing Facilities for Inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes, E. Coli O157:H7, and Salmonella Biofilms
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Bacterial Strains and Growth Conditions
2.2. Growth of Enhanced Biofilms in Microplates
2.3. Washing Biofilms Generated in Microplates
2.4. Enzymatic Detachment of Adhered Cells from Microplates for Enumeration
2.5. Sanitizers Used in the Microplate Biofilm Assay
2.6. Microplate Biofilm Sanitizer Assay
2.7. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) of Biofilms
2.8. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Sanitizer Biofilm Microplate Assays vs. L. monocytogenes, Salmonella Montevideo, and E. coli O157:H7
3.1.1. Hypochlorite-Based Sanitizer
3.1.2. Simple Quaternary Ammonium Chloride-Based Sanitizer
3.1.3. Peroxyacetic Acid-Based Sanitizer
3.1.4. New Generation Quaternary Ammonium Chloride-Based Sanitizers
3.2. Scanning Electron Microscopy of Biofilms of L. monocytogenes 99-38, E. coli O157:H7 F4546, and S. Montevideo FSIS 051
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Trade Name | Active Ingredients | Use Level | Source |
---|---|---|---|
Bi-Quat | Dimethyl ethylbenzyl ammonium chloride (5.1%); Alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (5.1%); Ethanol (1.1%) | 200 ppm, | Birko Corp. |
1000 ppm | |||
10-Chlor | Sodium hypochlorite (<20%); Sodium hydroxide (<5%) | 200 ppm, | Birko Corp. |
1000 ppm | |||
Sterilex solution | 1.Ultra Disinfectant Cleaner: Hydrogen peroxide (5.5%–7.2%), Alykl dimethyl ethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (2.5%–3.5%), Alkyl (C12,C14,C16) dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (2.5%–3.5%) | 5%, 10% | Sterilex Corp. |
2. Ultra Activator Solution: Sodium carbonate (4%–8%); Potassium carbonate (4%–8%); Tetrasodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (3%–7%) | |||
KC-610 | Peroxyacetic acid (5%–6%), Hydrogen peroxide (25%–58%), Acetic acid (5%–10%) | 500 ppm | Packers Chemical |
Decon7 solution | 1.Quaternary ammonium chloride | 5%, 10% | Decon7 Systems |
Benzyl-C12-C16 Alkyl Di-methyl Chlorides (5.5%–6.5%); | |||
2. Hydrogen peroxide (<8%); | |||
3. Accelerant: Diacetin (30%–60%) |
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Aryal, M.; Muriana, P.M. Efficacy of Commercial Sanitizers Used in Food Processing Facilities for Inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes, E. Coli O157:H7, and Salmonella Biofilms. Foods 2019, 8, 639. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods8120639
Aryal M, Muriana PM. Efficacy of Commercial Sanitizers Used in Food Processing Facilities for Inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes, E. Coli O157:H7, and Salmonella Biofilms. Foods. 2019; 8(12):639. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods8120639
Chicago/Turabian StyleAryal, Manish, and Peter M. Muriana. 2019. "Efficacy of Commercial Sanitizers Used in Food Processing Facilities for Inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes, E. Coli O157:H7, and Salmonella Biofilms" Foods 8, no. 12: 639. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods8120639