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Volume 13
Issue 8
10.3390/pr13082384
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Review

Catalytic Combustion Hydrogen Sensors for Vehicles: Hydrogen-Sensitive Performance Optimization Strategies and Key Technical Challenges

by
Biyi Huang
1,2,
Yi Wang
3,
Chao Wang
3,
Lijian Wang
4 and
Shubin Yan
1,2,*
1
Department of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Hangzhou 310018, China
2
Zhejiang-Belarus Joint Laboratory of Intellingent Equipment and System for Water Conservancy and Hydropower Safety Monitoring, Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Hangzhou 310018, China
3
Taizhou Institute of Measurement Technology, Taizhou 318001, China
4
Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Digital Precision Measurement Technology Research, Zhejiang Institute of Quality Sciences, Hangzhou 310018, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Processes 2025, 13(8), 2384; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13082384
Submission received: 13 June 2025 / Revised: 9 July 2025 / Accepted: 24 July 2025 / Published: 27 July 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Hydrogen Energy Systems Integration, Modeling and Optimization)
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Abstract

As an efficient and low-carbon renewable energy source, hydrogen plays a strategic role in the global energy transition, particularly in the transportation sector. However, the flammable and explosive nature of hydrogen makes leakage risks in enclosed environments a core challenge for the safe promotion of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. Catalytic combustion sensors are ideal choices due to their high sensitivity and long lifespan. Nevertheless, they face technical bottlenecks under vehicle operational conditions, such as high-power consumption caused by elevated working temperatures, slow response rates, weak anti-interference capabilities, and catalyst poisoning. This paper systematically reviews the research status of catalytic combustion hydrogen sensors for vehicle applications, summarizes technical difficulties and development strategies from the perspectives of hydrogen-sensitive material design and integration processes, and provides theoretical references and technical guidance for the development of catalytic combustion hydrogen sensors suitable for vehicle use.
Keywords: catalytic combustion hydrogen sensors; sensitivity; technical bottleneck; vehicle operational condition; material design; MEMS catalytic combustion hydrogen sensors; sensitivity; technical bottleneck; vehicle operational condition; material design; MEMS

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MDPI and ACS Style

Huang, B.; Wang, Y.; Wang, C.; Wang, L.; Yan, S. Catalytic Combustion Hydrogen Sensors for Vehicles: Hydrogen-Sensitive Performance Optimization Strategies and Key Technical Challenges. Processes 2025, 13, 2384. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13082384

AMA Style

Huang B, Wang Y, Wang C, Wang L, Yan S. Catalytic Combustion Hydrogen Sensors for Vehicles: Hydrogen-Sensitive Performance Optimization Strategies and Key Technical Challenges. Processes. 2025; 13(8):2384. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13082384

Chicago/Turabian Style

Huang, Biyi, Yi Wang, Chao Wang, Lijian Wang, and Shubin Yan. 2025. "Catalytic Combustion Hydrogen Sensors for Vehicles: Hydrogen-Sensitive Performance Optimization Strategies and Key Technical Challenges" Processes 13, no. 8: 2384. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13082384

APA Style

Huang, B., Wang, Y., Wang, C., Wang, L., & Yan, S. (2025). Catalytic Combustion Hydrogen Sensors for Vehicles: Hydrogen-Sensitive Performance Optimization Strategies and Key Technical Challenges. Processes, 13(8), 2384. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13082384

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