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Volume 11
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10.3390/pr11123397
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Article

Comparative Life Cycle Environmental Impact Assessment of Fruit and Vegetable Waste Valorization by Anaerobic Digestion as an Alternative in a Mediterranean Market

by
Ángeles Trujillo-Reyes
1,2,
Elena Jiménez-Páez
1,3,
Antonio Serrano
2,4,
Ghada Kassab
5,
Fernando G. Fermoso
1,* and
Bernabé Alonso-Fariñas
3
1
Instituto de la Grasa, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Campus Universitario Pablo de Olavide, Ed. 46, Ctra. De Utrera, km. 1, 41013 Seville, Spain
2
Institute of Water Research, University of Granada, Ed. Fray Luis, nº 4, 18071 Granada, Spain
3
Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Ambiental, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Sevilla, Camino de los Descubrimientos s/n, 41092 Seville, Spain
4
Department of Microbiology, Pharmacy Faculty, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
5
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Jordan, 11942 Amman, Jordan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Processes 2023, 11(12), 3397; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11123397
Submission received: 8 November 2023 / Revised: 6 December 2023 / Accepted: 8 December 2023 / Published: 10 December 2023
(This article belongs to the Topic Anaerobic Digestion Processes, 2nd Volume)
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Abstract

Landfilling and incineration are the most widely used methods for the management and treatment of fruit and vegetable waste (FVW) in Mediterranean markets, despite their potential environmental impact. A comparative life cycle assessment was conducted in this study to evaluate the environmental improvements from replacing the current landfill disposal method for FVW management and treatment in the wholesale market of Amman (Jordan) with an integrated anaerobic digestion process followed by composting. The proposed FVW treatment scenario is the best treatment option for all the assessed impact categories under the system expansion approach. Significant reductions in global warming and terrestrial ecotoxicity impacts categories would be achieved, reaching up to 322% and 352%, respectively, when compared to the current treatment scenario. Furthermore, the higher production of electrical energy (413%), as well as the production of co-products that would avoid the production of 100 kg/d of inorganic fertilizers, would contribute to such a low value of avoided impacts.
Keywords: anaerobic digestion; bioprocess; global warming; landfill; organic waste; wholesale market anaerobic digestion; bioprocess; global warming; landfill; organic waste; wholesale market

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MDPI and ACS Style

Trujillo-Reyes, Á.; Jiménez-Páez, E.; Serrano, A.; Kassab, G.; Fermoso, F.G.; Alonso-Fariñas, B. Comparative Life Cycle Environmental Impact Assessment of Fruit and Vegetable Waste Valorization by Anaerobic Digestion as an Alternative in a Mediterranean Market. Processes 2023, 11, 3397. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11123397

AMA Style

Trujillo-Reyes Á, Jiménez-Páez E, Serrano A, Kassab G, Fermoso FG, Alonso-Fariñas B. Comparative Life Cycle Environmental Impact Assessment of Fruit and Vegetable Waste Valorization by Anaerobic Digestion as an Alternative in a Mediterranean Market. Processes. 2023; 11(12):3397. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11123397

Chicago/Turabian Style

Trujillo-Reyes, Ángeles, Elena Jiménez-Páez, Antonio Serrano, Ghada Kassab, Fernando G. Fermoso, and Bernabé Alonso-Fariñas. 2023. "Comparative Life Cycle Environmental Impact Assessment of Fruit and Vegetable Waste Valorization by Anaerobic Digestion as an Alternative in a Mediterranean Market" Processes 11, no. 12: 3397. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11123397

APA Style

Trujillo-Reyes, Á., Jiménez-Páez, E., Serrano, A., Kassab, G., Fermoso, F. G., & Alonso-Fariñas, B. (2023). Comparative Life Cycle Environmental Impact Assessment of Fruit and Vegetable Waste Valorization by Anaerobic Digestion as an Alternative in a Mediterranean Market. Processes, 11(12), 3397. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11123397

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