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Article

Relevant Biological Effects of Varicocele Embolization with N-Butyl Cyanoacrylate Glue on Semen Parameters in Infertile Men

by
Olivier Chevallier
1,2,
Patricia Fauque
3,
Carole Poncelet
4,
Kévin Guillen
1,2,
Pierre-Olivier Comby
2,5,
Karine Astruc
6,
Julie Barberet
7,
Nicolas Falvo
1,
Emmanuel Simon
7 and
Romaric Loffroy
1,2,*
1
Department of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Image-Guided Therapy Center, François-Mitterrand University Hospital, 14 Rue Paul Gaffarel, BP 77908, 21079 Dijon, France
2
Imaging and Artificial Vision (ImViA) Laboratory-EA 7535, University of Bourgogne/Franche-Comté, 9 Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870, 21078 Dijon, France
3
Laboratory of Reproductive Biology and Marital Sterility, François-Mitterrand University Hospital, 14 Rue Paul Gaffarel, BP 77908, 21079 Dijon, France
4
Department of Radiology, Georges-François Leclerc Cancer Center, 1 Rue du Professeur Marion, 21000 Dijon, France
5
Department of Neuroradiology and Emergency Radiology, François-Mitterrand University Hospital, 14 Rue Paul Gaffarel, BP 77908, 21079 Dijon, France
6
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, François-Mitterrand University Hospital, 14 Rue Paul Gaffarel, BP 77908, 21079 Dijon, France
7
Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Fetal Medicine, François-Mitterrand University Hospital, 14 Rue Paul Gaffarel, BP 77908, 21079 Dijon, France
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Biomedicines 2021, 9(10), 1423; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9101423
Submission received: 22 September 2021 / Revised: 5 October 2021 / Accepted: 7 October 2021 / Published: 9 October 2021
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Abstract

Surgical treatment or varicocele embolization (VE) with sclerosing or mechanical embolic agents have been shown to improve the semen parameters of infertile men. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of VE using N-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA) glue on semen parameters in infertile men. From January 2014 to June 2018, infertile adult patients with stage 3 varicocele and an initial semen analysis showing at least one abnormal semen parameter, and who were successfully embolized with NBCA Glubran®2 glue, were retrospectively recruited. The availability of a second semen analysis after VE was mandatory for patient inclusion. The primary endpoint was the change in total sperm number (TSN) after VE. The other parameters of interest were progressive and total sperm motilities (Smot) at 1 h (H1), sperm vitality (SV) and morphology (SMor). One hundred and two patients were included. Eight patients presented null TSN before and after VE. Among the remaining 94 patients, a significant improvement in the median TSN after VE was shown (31.79 × 106/ejaculate [IQR: 11.10–127.40 × 106/ejaculate] versus 62.24 × 106/ejaculate [IQR: 17.90–201.60 × 106/ejaculate], p = 0.0295). Significant improvement in TSN was found for the 60 oligo- or azoospermic patients (p = 0.0007), whereas no significant change was found for the 42 patients with normal initial TSN (p = 0.49). Other parameters, such as progressive and total SMot, SV and SMor, also significantly improved after VE (p = 0.0003, 0.0013, 0.0356 and 0.007, respectively). The use of NBCA glue as an embolic agent for VE in infertile men with stage 3 varicocele significantly improves the semen parameters.
Keywords: varicocele; sperm; infertility; oligospermia; azoospermia; embolization; glue; NBCA; lipiodol varicocele; sperm; infertility; oligospermia; azoospermia; embolization; glue; NBCA; lipiodol

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Chevallier, O.; Fauque, P.; Poncelet, C.; Guillen, K.; Comby, P.-O.; Astruc, K.; Barberet, J.; Falvo, N.; Simon, E.; Loffroy, R. Relevant Biological Effects of Varicocele Embolization with N-Butyl Cyanoacrylate Glue on Semen Parameters in Infertile Men. Biomedicines 2021, 9, 1423. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9101423

AMA Style

Chevallier O, Fauque P, Poncelet C, Guillen K, Comby P-O, Astruc K, Barberet J, Falvo N, Simon E, Loffroy R. Relevant Biological Effects of Varicocele Embolization with N-Butyl Cyanoacrylate Glue on Semen Parameters in Infertile Men. Biomedicines. 2021; 9(10):1423. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9101423

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chevallier, Olivier, Patricia Fauque, Carole Poncelet, Kévin Guillen, Pierre-Olivier Comby, Karine Astruc, Julie Barberet, Nicolas Falvo, Emmanuel Simon, and Romaric Loffroy. 2021. "Relevant Biological Effects of Varicocele Embolization with N-Butyl Cyanoacrylate Glue on Semen Parameters in Infertile Men" Biomedicines 9, no. 10: 1423. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9101423

APA Style

Chevallier, O., Fauque, P., Poncelet, C., Guillen, K., Comby, P.-O., Astruc, K., Barberet, J., Falvo, N., Simon, E., & Loffroy, R. (2021). Relevant Biological Effects of Varicocele Embolization with N-Butyl Cyanoacrylate Glue on Semen Parameters in Infertile Men. Biomedicines, 9(10), 1423. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9101423

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