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Aerospace
Volume 13
Issue 2
10.3390/aerospace13020118
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

High-Precision Control Strategy for Ultra-Low Speed and Variable Speed Motion of Satellite Platform Pointing Mechanisms

by
Chenhao Han
1,2,†,
Haojie Li
1,2,†,
Jiahao Cai
1,2,
Zhenyu Fan
2,3,
Donghao He
1,2,
Jianjun Jia
2,3,
Jiayi Shen
3,
Xin Zhao
4,
Xue Wang
1,2,* and
Xindong Liang
1,2,*
1
Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
2
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3
Key Laboratory of Space Active Opto-Electronic Technology and Systems, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China
4
Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Aerospace 2026, 13(2), 118; https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace13020118 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 5 December 2025 / Revised: 16 January 2026 / Accepted: 21 January 2026 / Published: 25 January 2026
Versions Notes

Abstract

Satellite pointing mechanisms for earth observation require ultra-low speed scanning (approximately 70′′/s) and precise variable-speed compensation. However, traditional Field-Oriented Control (FOC) suffers from significant velocity bias and instability under these conditions. To address these issues, this paper proposes a position-loop-based speed control scheme integrated with a variable structure control strategy. By substituting the speed command with a position loop, the proposed method effectively suppresses steady-state velocity bias, while the variable structure strategy mitigates fluctuations during variable-speed motion. Experimental results indicate that, compared to traditional FOC, the proposed method reduces velocity bias error by over 30% during uniform tracking and decreases the amplitude of velocity fluctuations by more than 40% in variable-speed scenarios. This strategy significantly enhances the control precision of satellite pointing mechanisms and improves on-orbit imaging compensation accuracy.
Keywords: satellite pointing mechanism; ultra-low speed control; variable structure control; motion compensation; field-oriented control (FOC) satellite pointing mechanism; ultra-low speed control; variable structure control; motion compensation; field-oriented control (FOC)

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Han, C.; Li, H.; Cai, J.; Fan, Z.; He, D.; Jia, J.; Shen, J.; Zhao, X.; Wang, X.; Liang, X. High-Precision Control Strategy for Ultra-Low Speed and Variable Speed Motion of Satellite Platform Pointing Mechanisms. Aerospace 2026, 13, 118. https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace13020118

AMA Style

Han C, Li H, Cai J, Fan Z, He D, Jia J, Shen J, Zhao X, Wang X, Liang X. High-Precision Control Strategy for Ultra-Low Speed and Variable Speed Motion of Satellite Platform Pointing Mechanisms. Aerospace. 2026; 13(2):118. https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace13020118

Chicago/Turabian Style

Han, Chenhao, Haojie Li, Jiahao Cai, Zhenyu Fan, Donghao He, Jianjun Jia, Jiayi Shen, Xin Zhao, Xue Wang, and Xindong Liang. 2026. "High-Precision Control Strategy for Ultra-Low Speed and Variable Speed Motion of Satellite Platform Pointing Mechanisms" Aerospace 13, no. 2: 118. https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace13020118

APA Style

Han, C., Li, H., Cai, J., Fan, Z., He, D., Jia, J., Shen, J., Zhao, X., Wang, X., & Liang, X. (2026). High-Precision Control Strategy for Ultra-Low Speed and Variable Speed Motion of Satellite Platform Pointing Mechanisms. Aerospace, 13(2), 118. https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace13020118

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