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Nanomaterials
Volume 14
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10.3390/nano14070579
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Article

CdS-Based Hydrothermal Photocatalysts for Complete Reductive Dehalogenation of a Chlorinated Propionic Acid in Water by Visible Light

by
Martina Milani
1,*,
Michele Mazzanti
1,
Claudia Stevanin
2,
Tatiana Chenet
2,
Giuliana Magnacca
3,
Luisa Pasti
2,* and
Alessandra Molinari
1
1
Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Farmaceutiche ed Agrarie, Università di Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
2
Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Ambiente e della Prevenzione, Università di Ferrara, Corso Ercole I d’Este 32, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
3
Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(7), 579; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14070579
Submission received: 7 February 2024 / Revised: 11 March 2024 / Accepted: 25 March 2024 / Published: 26 March 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanostructured Functional Materials for Photocatalysis)
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Abstract

Cadmium sulfide (CdS)-based photocatalysts are prepared following a hydrothermal procedure (with CdCl2 and thiourea as precursors). The HydroThermal material annealed (CdS-HTa) is crystalline with a band gap of 2.31 eV. Photoelectrochemical investigation indicates a very reducing photo-potential of −0.9 V, which is very similar to that of commercial CdS. CdS-HTa, albeit having similar reducing properties, is more active than commercial CdS in the reductive dehalogenation of 2,2-dichloropropionic acid (dalapon) to propionic acid. Spectroscopic, electro-, and photoelectrochemical investigation show that photocatalytic properties of CdS are correlated to its electronic structure. The reductive dehalogenation of dalapon has a double significance: on one hand, it represents a demanding reductive process for a photocatalyst, and on the other hand, it has a peculiar interest in water treatment because dalapon can be considered a representative molecule of persistent organic pollutants and is one of the most important disinfection by products, whose removal from the water is the final obstacle to its complete reuse. HPLC-MS investigation points out that complete disappearance of dalapon passes through 2-monochloropropionic acid and leads to propionic acid as the final product. CdS-HTa requires very mild working conditions (room temperature, atmospheric pressure, natural pH), and it is stable and recyclable without significant loss of activity.
Keywords: chlorinated disinfection by products; photocatalysis; cadmium sulfide; visible light; dalapon; hydrodehalogenation reaction chlorinated disinfection by products; photocatalysis; cadmium sulfide; visible light; dalapon; hydrodehalogenation reaction

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MDPI and ACS Style

Milani, M.; Mazzanti, M.; Stevanin, C.; Chenet, T.; Magnacca, G.; Pasti, L.; Molinari, A. CdS-Based Hydrothermal Photocatalysts for Complete Reductive Dehalogenation of a Chlorinated Propionic Acid in Water by Visible Light. Nanomaterials 2024, 14, 579. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14070579

AMA Style

Milani M, Mazzanti M, Stevanin C, Chenet T, Magnacca G, Pasti L, Molinari A. CdS-Based Hydrothermal Photocatalysts for Complete Reductive Dehalogenation of a Chlorinated Propionic Acid in Water by Visible Light. Nanomaterials. 2024; 14(7):579. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14070579

Chicago/Turabian Style

Milani, Martina, Michele Mazzanti, Claudia Stevanin, Tatiana Chenet, Giuliana Magnacca, Luisa Pasti, and Alessandra Molinari. 2024. "CdS-Based Hydrothermal Photocatalysts for Complete Reductive Dehalogenation of a Chlorinated Propionic Acid in Water by Visible Light" Nanomaterials 14, no. 7: 579. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14070579

APA Style

Milani, M., Mazzanti, M., Stevanin, C., Chenet, T., Magnacca, G., Pasti, L., & Molinari, A. (2024). CdS-Based Hydrothermal Photocatalysts for Complete Reductive Dehalogenation of a Chlorinated Propionic Acid in Water by Visible Light. Nanomaterials, 14(7), 579. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14070579

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