Sugar Beet Root Yield and Quality with Leaf Seasonal Dynamics in Relation to Planting Densities and Nitrogen Fertilization
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Field Trials and Weather Conditions
2.2. Plant Sampling and Growth Analysis
2.3. Statistics
3. Results
3.1. Leaf Growth Analysis
3.2. Root Yield and Quality
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
References
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Soil Depth | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
0–30 cm | 30–60 cm | |||
N–NH4 | N–NO3 | N–NH4 | N–NO3 | |
2014 | 8.45 | 26.23 | 1.91 | 38.80 |
2015 | 14.66 | 32.10 | 6.75 | 28.14 |
Plant Density (planth ha−1) | R2 | p | Equation | LAI Date |
---|---|---|---|---|
140,000 | 0.947 | 0.001 | Y = 37.401 + 9.095 | 20 July |
100,000 | 0.900 | 0.004 | Y = 51.779 + 8.382 | 30 June |
80,000 | 0.835 | 0.011 | Y = 20.798 + 10.477 | 10 August |
60,000 | 0.866 | 0.007 | Y = 11.610 + 14.638 | 30 June |
Root Yield (t ha−1) | Sucrose Content (%) | Brei Impurities (mmol 100 g−1 beet) | White Sugar Yield (t ha−1) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
K | Na | α-amino N | |||||
Plant density, | 140,000 | 109.7 | 13.18 | 2.95 | 0.83 | 1.13 | 12.5 |
plants ha−1 | 100,000 | 104.6 | 13.19 | 3.00 | 0.72 | 1.19 | 11. 9 |
80,000 | 97.5 | 13.18 | 2.99 | 0.63 | 1.44 | 11.0 | |
60,000 | 83.6 | 13.02 | 3.21 | 0.65 | 1.39 | 9.3 | |
Nitrogen | 0 | 97.5 | 13.12 | 3.21 | 0.85 | 1.07 | 11.0 |
fertilization | 45 | 95.6 | 13.40 | 2.89 | 0.44 | 1.46 | 11.1 |
in spring (kg ha−1) | 99 | 103.4 | 12.91 | 3.01 | 0.84 | 1.33 | 11.4 |
Mean | 98.9 | 13.15 | 3.04 | 0.71 | 1.29 | 11.2 |
Main Effect | Root Yield (t ha−1) | Sucrose Content (%) | Brei Impurities (mmol 100 g−1 beet) | White Sugar Yield (t ha−1) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
K | Na | α-amino N | |||||
Plant density, | 140,000 | 76.1 | 15.68 | 4.19 | 0.28 | 1.28 | 10.5 |
plants ha−1 | 100,000 | 86.1 | 15.54 | 4.37 | 0.34 | 1.50 | 11.7 |
80,000 | 62.2 | 15.63 | 4.29 | 0.31 | 1.38 | 8.5 | |
60,000 | 59.1 | 15.13 | 4.24 | 0.35 | 1.43 | 7.8 | |
Nitrogen | 0 | 52.6 | 14.89 | 4.21 | 0.30 | 1.18 | 6.8 |
fertilization | 45 | 73.4 | 16.30 | 4.26 | 0.24 | 1.05 | 10.6 |
in spring (kg ha−1) | 85.5 | 86.6 | 15.30 | 4.35 | 0.43 | 1.98 | 11.4 |
Mean | 70.9 | 15.50 | 4.27 | 0.32 | 1.40 | 7.4 |
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Varga, I.; Lončarić, Z.; Kristek, S.; Kulundžić, A.M.; Rebekić, A.; Antunović, M. Sugar Beet Root Yield and Quality with Leaf Seasonal Dynamics in Relation to Planting Densities and Nitrogen Fertilization. Agriculture 2021, 11, 407. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11050407
Varga I, Lončarić Z, Kristek S, Kulundžić AM, Rebekić A, Antunović M. Sugar Beet Root Yield and Quality with Leaf Seasonal Dynamics in Relation to Planting Densities and Nitrogen Fertilization. Agriculture. 2021; 11(5):407. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11050407
Chicago/Turabian StyleVarga, Ivana, Zdenko Lončarić, Suzana Kristek, Antonela Markulj Kulundžić, Andrijana Rebekić, and Manda Antunović. 2021. "Sugar Beet Root Yield and Quality with Leaf Seasonal Dynamics in Relation to Planting Densities and Nitrogen Fertilization" Agriculture 11, no. 5: 407. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11050407