The Gut-Brain Axis and the Microbiome: Clues to Pathophysiology and Opportunities for Novel Management Strategies in Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
Lynda K and David M Underwood Center for Digestive Disorders, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
J. Clin. Med. 2018, 7(1), 6; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm7010006
Received: 10 December 2017
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Revised: 27 December 2017
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Accepted: 28 December 2017
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Published: 3 January 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Irritable Bowel Syndrome)
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most common of all medical disorders worldwide and, while for some it represents no more than a nuisance, for others it imposes significant negative impacts on daily life and activities. IBS is a heterogeneous disorder and may well have a number of causes which may lie anywhere from the external environment to the contents of the gut lumen and from the enteric neuromuscular apparatus and the gut immune system to the central nervous system. Consequently, the paradigm of the gut-brain axis, which includes the participation of these various factors, has proven a useful model to assist clinicians and patients alike in understanding the genesis of symptoms in IBS. Now, given the widespread interest in the gut microbiome in health and disease, in general, reports of disordered enteric bacterial communities in IBS, and experimental data to indicate that components of the gut microbiota can influence brain morphology and function, as well as behavior and cognition, this concept has been extended to encompass the microbiota-gut-brain axis. The implications of this novel concept to the assessment and management of IBS will be explored in this review.
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Keywords:
irritable bowel syndrome; gut-brain axis; microbiota; microbiome; microbiota-gut-brain axis; antibiotics; probiotics
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MDPI and ACS Style
Quigley, E.M.M. The Gut-Brain Axis and the Microbiome: Clues to Pathophysiology and Opportunities for Novel Management Strategies in Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). J. Clin. Med. 2018, 7, 6. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm7010006
AMA Style
Quigley EMM. The Gut-Brain Axis and the Microbiome: Clues to Pathophysiology and Opportunities for Novel Management Strategies in Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2018; 7(1):6. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm7010006
Chicago/Turabian StyleQuigley, Eamonn M.M. 2018. "The Gut-Brain Axis and the Microbiome: Clues to Pathophysiology and Opportunities for Novel Management Strategies in Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)" Journal of Clinical Medicine 7, no. 1: 6. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm7010006
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