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Article

Evaluation of the Probiotic Properties and the Capacity to Form Biofilms of Various Lactobacillus Strains

by
Célia Chamignon
1,2,
Virgile Guéneau
1,
Sonia Medina
3,
Julien Deschamps
1,
Angel Gil-Izquierdo
3,
Romain Briandet
1,
Pierre-Yves Mousset
2,
Philippe Langella
1,
Sophie Lafay
2 and
Luis G. Bermúdez-Humarán
1,*
1
MIcalis Institute, AgroParisTech, INRAE, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
2
INDIGO Therapeutics, 33000 Bordeaux, France
3
Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods. Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus de Espinardo 25, 30100 Murcia, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Microorganisms 2020, 8(7), 1053; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8071053
Submission received: 15 June 2020 / Revised: 7 July 2020 / Accepted: 10 July 2020 / Published: 15 July 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Human Gut Microbiome, Diets and Health)
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Abstract

Over the last 20 years, Lactobacillus species inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) have received much attention, and their health-promoting properties are now well-described. Probiotic effects cannot be generalized, and their uses cover a wide range of applications. It is thus important to proceed to an accurate selection and evaluation of probiotic candidates. We evaluate the probiotic potential of six strains of Lactobacillus in different in vitro models representing critical factors of either survival, efficacy, or both. We characterized the strains for their ability to (i) modulate intestinal permeability using transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), (ii) form biofilms and resist stressful conditions, and (iii) produce beneficial host and/or bacteria metabolites. Our data reveal the specificity of Lactobacillus strains to modulate intestinal permeability depending on the cell type. The six isolates were able to form spatially organized biofilms, and we provide evidence that the biofilm form is beneficial in a strongly acidic environment. Finally, we demonstrated the ability of the strains to produce γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) that is involved in the gut-brain axis and beneficial enzymes that promote the bacterial tolerance to bile salts. Overall, our study highlights the specific properties of Lactobacillus strains and their possible applications as biofilms.
Keywords: Lactobacillus; probiotics; permeability; biofilm; stress tolerance Lactobacillus; probiotics; permeability; biofilm; stress tolerance

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MDPI and ACS Style

Chamignon, C.; Guéneau, V.; Medina, S.; Deschamps, J.; Gil-Izquierdo, A.; Briandet, R.; Mousset, P.-Y.; Langella, P.; Lafay, S.; Bermúdez-Humarán, L.G. Evaluation of the Probiotic Properties and the Capacity to Form Biofilms of Various Lactobacillus Strains. Microorganisms 2020, 8, 1053. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8071053

AMA Style

Chamignon C, Guéneau V, Medina S, Deschamps J, Gil-Izquierdo A, Briandet R, Mousset P-Y, Langella P, Lafay S, Bermúdez-Humarán LG. Evaluation of the Probiotic Properties and the Capacity to Form Biofilms of Various Lactobacillus Strains. Microorganisms. 2020; 8(7):1053. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8071053

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chamignon, Célia, Virgile Guéneau, Sonia Medina, Julien Deschamps, Angel Gil-Izquierdo, Romain Briandet, Pierre-Yves Mousset, Philippe Langella, Sophie Lafay, and Luis G. Bermúdez-Humarán. 2020. "Evaluation of the Probiotic Properties and the Capacity to Form Biofilms of Various Lactobacillus Strains" Microorganisms 8, no. 7: 1053. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8071053

APA Style

Chamignon, C., Guéneau, V., Medina, S., Deschamps, J., Gil-Izquierdo, A., Briandet, R., Mousset, P.-Y., Langella, P., Lafay, S., & Bermúdez-Humarán, L. G. (2020). Evaluation of the Probiotic Properties and the Capacity to Form Biofilms of Various Lactobacillus Strains. Microorganisms, 8(7), 1053. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8071053

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