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Volume 12
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10.3390/pathogens12030405
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Article

Drosophila melanogaster Systemic Infection Model to Study Altered Virulence during Polymicrobial Infection by Aeromonas

by
Alexandre Robert
1,2,
Emilie Talagrand-Reboul
3,
Maria-Jose Figueras
4,
Raymond Ruimy
1,5,
Laurent Boyer
1 and
Brigitte Lamy
1,5,6,*
1
Laboratoire C3M, Inserm U1065, Université Côte d’Azur, 06200 Nice, France
2
Service de Médecine Intensive et Réanimation, Pole Anesthésie/Réanimation/Bloc Opératoire, Centre Hospitalier de Cannes, 06400 Cannes, France
3
Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Pole Biologie, CHRU de Strasbourg, UR7290, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
4
Unitat de Microbiologia, Departament de Ciènces Médiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain
5
Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Pole Biologie/Pathologie, CHU de Nice, Université de Nice Côte d’Azur, 06200 Nice, France
6
MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Imperial College of London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Pathogens 2023, 12(3), 405; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12030405
Submission received: 11 December 2022 / Revised: 14 February 2023 / Accepted: 27 February 2023 / Published: 2 March 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Water-Borne Pathogens)
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Abstract

Background: Polymicrobial infections are complex infections associated with worse outcomes compared to monomicrobial infections. We need simple, fast, and cost-effective animal models to assess their still poorly known pathogenesis. Methods: We developed a Drosophila melanogaster polymicrobial infection model for opportunistic pathogens and assessed its capacity to discriminate the effects of bacterial mixtures taken from cases of human polymicrobial infections by Aeromonas strains. A systemic infection was obtained by needle pricking the dorsal thorax of the flies, and the fly survival was monitored over time. Different lineages of the flies were infected by a single strain or paired strains (strain ratio 1:1). Results: Individual strains killed more than 80% of the flies in 20 h. The course of infection could be altered with a microbial mix. The model could distinguish between the diverse effects (synergistic, antagonistic, and no difference) that resulted in a milder, more severe, or similar infection, depending on the paired strain considered. We then investigated the determinants of the effects. The effects were maintained in deficient fly lineages for the main signaling pathways (Toll deficient and IMD deficient), which suggests an active microbe/microbe/host interaction. Conclusion: These results indicate that the D. melanogaster systemic infection model is consistent with the study of polymicrobial infection.
Keywords: polymicrobial infection; Drosophila melanogaster; infection model; opportunistic pathogen; Aeromonas; microbial interference polymicrobial infection; Drosophila melanogaster; infection model; opportunistic pathogen; Aeromonas; microbial interference

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MDPI and ACS Style

Robert, A.; Talagrand-Reboul, E.; Figueras, M.-J.; Ruimy, R.; Boyer, L.; Lamy, B. Drosophila melanogaster Systemic Infection Model to Study Altered Virulence during Polymicrobial Infection by Aeromonas. Pathogens 2023, 12, 405. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12030405

AMA Style

Robert A, Talagrand-Reboul E, Figueras M-J, Ruimy R, Boyer L, Lamy B. Drosophila melanogaster Systemic Infection Model to Study Altered Virulence during Polymicrobial Infection by Aeromonas. Pathogens. 2023; 12(3):405. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12030405

Chicago/Turabian Style

Robert, Alexandre, Emilie Talagrand-Reboul, Maria-Jose Figueras, Raymond Ruimy, Laurent Boyer, and Brigitte Lamy. 2023. "Drosophila melanogaster Systemic Infection Model to Study Altered Virulence during Polymicrobial Infection by Aeromonas" Pathogens 12, no. 3: 405. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12030405

APA Style

Robert, A., Talagrand-Reboul, E., Figueras, M.-J., Ruimy, R., Boyer, L., & Lamy, B. (2023). Drosophila melanogaster Systemic Infection Model to Study Altered Virulence during Polymicrobial Infection by Aeromonas. Pathogens, 12(3), 405. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12030405

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