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Volume 14
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10.3390/diagnostics14030307
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Article

Neural and Onconeural Autoantibodies and Blood–Brain Barrier Disruption Markers in Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy for High-Grade Primary Brain Tumour

by
Katarzyna Hojan
1,2,*,
Krystyna Adamska
3,4,
Agnieszka Lewandowska
3,
Danuta Procyk
5,
Ewa Leporowska
5,
Krystyna Osztynowicz
6 and
Slawomir Michalak
6,7
1
Department of Occupational Therapy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-781 Poznan, Poland
2
Department of Rehabilitation, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 61-866 Poznan, Poland
3
Department of Radiotherapy, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 61-866 Poznan, Poland
4
Department of Elektroradiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
5
Laboratory Ward, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 61-866 Poznan, Poland
6
Department of Neurochemistry and Neuropathology, Neurology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland
7
Department of Neurosurgery and Neurotraumatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Diagnostics 2024, 14(3), 307; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14030307
Submission received: 3 January 2024 / Revised: 26 January 2024 / Accepted: 28 January 2024 / Published: 31 January 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Radiotherapy in Oncology: 2nd Edition)
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Abstract

Radiotherapy (RT) plays a key role in brain tumours but can negatively impact functional outcomes and quality of life. The aim of this study was to analyse anti-neural and onconeural autoantibodies and markers of blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption in patients with primary brain cancer undergoing RT. Materials and methods. A prospective study was conducted on 45 patients with a brain tumour scheduled for intensity-modulated radiotherapy. Assessments were performed at baseline, post-RT, and at three months. We measured serum levels of BBB disruption biomarkers and anti-neural, onconeural, and organ-specific antibodies. Results. Antibodies against nucleosome antigens and neuronal surface antigens were detected in 85% and 3% of cases, respectively; anti-neural and onconeural antibodies were observed in 47% and 5.8%. In 44% patients, ≥2 antibody types were detected. No significant changes in BBB biomarkers were observed. Conclusion. The findings of this study show that a humoral immune response is common in patients undergoing RT for brain cancer. This response appears to be non-organ specific but rather directed against nucleosome antigens, but onconeural antibodies were uncommon, suggesting a low risk of a neurological paraneoplastic syndrome. Our data suggested that radiotherapy may not affect BBB integrity, but larger studies are needed to better characterise the pathophysiological effects of RT.
Keywords: antibodies; glioma; immunology; radiation; cancer antibodies; glioma; immunology; radiation; cancer

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MDPI and ACS Style

Hojan, K.; Adamska, K.; Lewandowska, A.; Procyk, D.; Leporowska, E.; Osztynowicz, K.; Michalak, S. Neural and Onconeural Autoantibodies and Blood–Brain Barrier Disruption Markers in Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy for High-Grade Primary Brain Tumour. Diagnostics 2024, 14, 307. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14030307

AMA Style

Hojan K, Adamska K, Lewandowska A, Procyk D, Leporowska E, Osztynowicz K, Michalak S. Neural and Onconeural Autoantibodies and Blood–Brain Barrier Disruption Markers in Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy for High-Grade Primary Brain Tumour. Diagnostics. 2024; 14(3):307. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14030307

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hojan, Katarzyna, Krystyna Adamska, Agnieszka Lewandowska, Danuta Procyk, Ewa Leporowska, Krystyna Osztynowicz, and Slawomir Michalak. 2024. "Neural and Onconeural Autoantibodies and Blood–Brain Barrier Disruption Markers in Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy for High-Grade Primary Brain Tumour" Diagnostics 14, no. 3: 307. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14030307

APA Style

Hojan, K., Adamska, K., Lewandowska, A., Procyk, D., Leporowska, E., Osztynowicz, K., & Michalak, S. (2024). Neural and Onconeural Autoantibodies and Blood–Brain Barrier Disruption Markers in Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy for High-Grade Primary Brain Tumour. Diagnostics, 14(3), 307. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14030307

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