2025 April - 114 articles
Background: Functional alleles of host plant susceptibility genes (S genes) can exacerbate the severity of diseases by enhancing pathogen compatibility. Genetic editing of the targeted host S genes has demonstrated remarkable efficacy in conferring b...
Background: Macrocephaly can be a component manifestation of several monogenic conditions, in association with intellectual disability/developmental delay (ID/DD) behaviour abnormalities, including autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and variable additi...
Background/Objectives: Grapes (Vitis vinifera), particularly ‘Shine Muscat’, are prone to postharvest quality loss mainly due to poor storage tolerance. Actinomycetes are microbial resources that produce secondary metabolites that exhibit...
Background: Splenic B-cell lymphomas and leukaemias include hairy cell leukaemia, splenic marginal zone lymphoma, splenic diffuse red pulp small B-cell lymphoma, and splenic B-cell lymphoma/leukaemia with prominent nucleoli. The main diagnostic chall...
Background: Adoptive cell therapy (ACT), including CAR-T and TCR-T therapies, shows promise for cancer treatment, depending on infused T cell expansion, persistence and activity. We previously characterized four T-cell subsets (TN, TSCM, TCM and TEM)...
Barth syndrome (BTHS) is inherited through an X-linked pattern. The gene is located on Xq28. Male individuals who inherit the TAFAZZIN pathogenic variant will have the associated condition, while female individuals who inherit the TAFAZZIN pathogenic...
Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), a challenging and malignant cancer, primarily originates from the exocrine cells of the pancreas. The superfamily of solute carrier (SLC) transporters, consisting of more than 450 proteins divided...
Background/Objectives: Podocalyxin is a sialoprotein mainly expressed in the kidney cortex and lung tissue, which has been described as a component of the podocyte glycocalyx. This protein promotes the reorganization of the podocyte cytoskeleton, as...
The Ghd7 gene in rice plays a crucial role in determining heading date, plant height, and grain yield. However, the variations in Ghd7 and their functional implications across different rice accessions are not fully understood. Based on the release o...
Background/Objectives: The interplay between genetics and athletic performance has garnered significant attention, particularly regarding performance-enhancing polymorphisms (PEPs) and their role in determining key traits that are critical for athlet...
Background: SQUAMOSA promoter-binding protein (SBP) genes encode a group of plant-specific transcription factors that play crucial roles in plant growth, development, and stress responses. To date, SBP genes have been reported in a number of plant sp...
Background: Loose anagen hair syndrome is a recently described genetic form of non-scarring alopecia that occurs in children and is due to poorly anchored hair shafts during the anagen phase. It can occur alone or in association with hair pathology o...
Background and Objectives: Despite the well-established role of the BRCA and mismatch repair (MMR) genes in DNA damage repair pathways, a substantial proportion of familial cancer cases still lack pathogenic variants in those genes. Next Generation S...
Background/Objectives: Freshwater shrimps of the family Atyidae, particularly the hyperdiverse genus Caridina, are keystone decomposers in tropical aquatic ecosystems and valuable aquaculture resources. However, their evolutionary relationships remai...
Background: This study aims to investigate the impact of coal dust (silicon dioxide) exposure on dyslipidemia and its underlying mechanisms, with a focus on the association between coal dust exposure and hepatic metabolic disorders. Methods: Clinical...
Background/Objectives: Kinship inference is commonly adopted in various forensic applications, but previous studies have often lacked precision. Methods: In this study, a new method for the nomenclature of kinship types, i.e., kinship chain (KC), was...
Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a genetically complex neurodegenerative disorder. Up to 15% of cases are considered monogenic. However, research on monogenic PD has largely focused on populations of European ancestry, leaving gaps in ou...
Background/Objectives: Lung cancer has a high mortality rate worldwide, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) being the most prevalent. Carboplatin and paclitaxel are key treatments for NSCLC; however, adverse drug reactions (ADRs) pose significant...
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide and is closely linked to the gut microbiota. Identifying reproducible and generalizable microbial signatures holds significant potential for enhancing early detection...
Background: Chalcone synthase (CHS) functions as a pivotal and initiating enzyme in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway within plants, playing a crucial role in the accumulation and metabolic processes of flavonoids. Despite its importance, there has...
Background: Smilax glabra (S. glabra) and Smilax zeylanica (S. zeylanica), two medicinally important species within the genus Smilax, have been widely used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for the treatment of rheumatism, traumatic inj...
Background: Quercetin, a dietary flavonoid and a widely used supplement, has hepatoprotective properties. Given its urate-lowering effects and epidemiological evidence linking elevated serum urate levels to liver cancer risk, we tested whether querce...
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent and highly lethal form of liver cancer, with limited effective treatment options, particularly in the advanced stages. Immunotherapy using PD-1 inhibitors has emerged as a promising treatment...
Background: The Satyrinae subfamily represents a taxonomically critical group within Nymphalidae, characterized by its remarkable species diversity. Despite its evolutionary significance, the phylogenetic relationships among tribal and subtribal line...
MicroRNA (miRNA), a significant class of regulatory non-coding RNA (ncRNA), can regulate the expression of numerous protein-coding messenger RNAs (mRNAs). miRNA plays an important part in shaping the human transcriptome. So far, in the human genome,...
Background: The German Black Pied Dairy (DSN) cattle is an endangered dual-purpose breed considered an ancestor of the modern Holstein population. DSN is known for its high milk yield, favorable milk composition, and good meat quality. Maintaining a...
Background: Dynamic changes in histone acetylation play crucial roles during cellular differentiation and disease development, but their detection in living cells is still a challenging task. Objectives: Here, we developed a Bimolecular Anchor Detect...
Breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly occurring type of cancer in women, being a major cancer-related cause of mortality worldwide. With the advancement in current therapeutic options, including hormone therapy and targeted therapies, there is a ne...
In plants and animals, the microRNA (miRNA) class of small regulatory RNA plays an essential role in controlling gene expression in all aspects of development, to respond to environmental stress, or to defend against pathogen attack. This well-establ...
The enzyme 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) catalyzes the conversion of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate to 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, a process essential for the methylation of homocysteine to methionine. Polymorphisms in the MTHFR gene...
Background: Small heat shock proteins (sHsps), particularly Hsp20 family members, are pivotal for plant thermotolerance and abiotic stress adaptation. However, their evolutionary dynamics and functional roles in Lycium barbarum (goji berry), a commer...
Background: Psychosis, particularly schizophrenia (SZ), is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. The neurodevelopmental hypothesis suggests that genetic factors affect neuronal circuit connectivity during perinatal periods, hence causing t...
Background: The Arabidopsis FCS-LIKE ZINC FINGER (FLZ) family proteins play crucial roles in responses to various biotic and abiotic stresses, but the functions of many family members remain uncharacterized. Methods: In this study, we investigated th...
The immune microenvironment plays a critical role in tumor growth and development. Immune activation within the tumor microenvironment is dynamic and can be modulated by tumor intrinsic and extrinsic signaling. The RON receptor tyrosine kinase is can...
Background/Objectives: The glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) enzyme, encoded by OsGAPDHC6, plays a crucial role in glycolysis while participating in various physiological and stress response pathways. Methods: In this study, the expres...
Background/Objectives: Pyrrhalta aenescens, a major pest of elm trees, causes extensive ecological and economic damage through rapid population growth and defoliation. Existing research mainly focuses on its biological traits and chemical control, wi...
Background: Uniparental disomy (UPD) is the inheritance of both copies of a chromosome from a single parent, leading to distinct genetic conditions. Maternal UPD of chromosome 6 (UPD(6)mat) is extremely rare, with few molecularly confirmed cases repo...
Background/Objectives: Broiler chickens are excellent animals for protein production and play an essential role in the food industry. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of coated sodium butyrate (CSB) on the biochemical indices, a...
Background/Objectives: Codon usage bias affects gene expression and translation efficiency across species. The effective number of codons (ENC) and GC content influence codon preference, often displaying unimodal or bimodal distributions. This study...
Background/Objectives: Human-driven selection has shaped modern horse breeds into highly specialized athletes, particularly in racing. Arabian horses, renowned for their endurance, provide an excellent model for studying molecular adaptations to exer...
Background/Objectives: β-defensins are a family of classical endogenous antimicrobial peptides involved in innate immune response. β-defensins are encoded by a large number of loci and known to show extensive copy number variations (CNVs) t...
Background: CCCH zinc finger proteins (OsC3Hs) are a class of transcriptional regulators that play important roles in plant development and stress responses. Although their functional significance has been widely studied in model species, comprehensi...
Over the past two decades, suicide has consistently ranked among the leading causes of death in the United States. While suicide deaths are closely associated with uicidal ideation and attempts, these are not good predictors of future suicide deaths....
We introduce an innovative, non-invasive prenatal screening approach for detecting fetal monogenic alterations and copy number variations (CNVs) from maternal blood. Method: Circulating free DNA (cfDNA) was extracted from maternal peripheral blood an...
Small non-coding molecules known as microRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in disease diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis evaluation. Traditional wet-lab methods for validating miRNA–disease associations are often time-consuming and inefficien...
Plants have repeatedly undergone whole-genome duplication during their evolutionary history. Even in modern plants, there is diversity in ploidy within and between species, providing a snapshot of the evolutionary turnover of ploidy. Here, I will rev...
Background/Objectives: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a crucial regulatory role in plant trait expression and disease management, making their accurate prediction a key research focus for guiding biological experiments. While extensive studies h...
Background/Objectives: The dysregulation of miRNA expression in samples from autistic individuals indicates that they are involved in autism. The participation of miRNAs in paternal epigenetic inheritance has also been reported. This study used bioin...
Background: The reproductive performance of water buffalo significantly impacts the economic aspects of production. Traditional breeding methods are constrained by low heritability and numerous influencing factors, making it difficult to effectively...
Reproductive genetic carrier screening (RGCS) has emerged as a promising tool for identifying couples with an increased likelihood of conceiving a child with an autosomal recessive or X-linked genetic condition. By enabling early detection, RGCS has...
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