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Agronomy
Volume 13
Issue 9
10.3390/agronomy13092369
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Article

Drip Irrigation Soil-Adapted Sector Design and Optimal Location of Moisture Sensors: A Case Study in a Vineyard Plot

by
Jaume Arnó
1,*,
Asier Uribeetxebarria
2,
Jordi Llorens
1,3,
Alexandre Escolà
1,
Joan R. Rosell-Polo
1,
Eduard Gregorio
1 and
José A. Martínez-Casasnovas
4
1
Research Group in AgroICT & Precision Agriculture, Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences and Engineering, Universitat de Lleida—Agrotecnio CERCA Centre, Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
2
NEIKER-Basque Institute for Agricultural Research and Development, Berreaga 1, 48160 Derio, Spain
3
Serra Húnter Fellowship, Universitat de Lleida, 25003 Lleida, Spain
4
Research Group in AgroICT & Precision Agriculture, Department of Chemistry, Physics and Environmental and Soil Sciences, Universitat de Lleida—Agrotecnio CERCA Centre, Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Agronomy 2023, 13(9), 2369; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13092369
Submission received: 31 July 2023 / Revised: 7 September 2023 / Accepted: 8 September 2023 / Published: 12 September 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Importance of Soil Spatial Variability in Precision Agriculture)
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Abstract

To optimise sector design in drip irrigation systems, a two-stage procedure is presented and applied in a commercial vineyard plot. Soil apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) mapping and soil purposive sampling are the two stages on which the proposal is based. Briefly, ECa data to wet bulb depth provided by the VERIS 3100 soil sensor were mapped before planting using block ordinary kriging. Looking for simplicity and practicality, only two ECa classes were delineated from the ECa map (k-means algorithm) to delimit two potential soil classes within the plot with possible different properties in terms of potential soil water content and/or soil water regime. Contrasting the difference between ECa classes (through discriminant analysis of soil properties at different systematic sampling locations), irrigation sectors were then designed in size and shape to match the previous soil zoning. Taking advantage of the points used for soil sampling, two of these locations were finally selected as candidates to install moisture sensors according to the purposive soil sampling theory. As these two spatial points are expectedly the most representative of each soil class, moisture information in these areas can be taken as a basis for better decision-making for vineyard irrigation management.
Keywords: irrigation zoning; ECa soil sensor; moisture sensors location; soil sampling; vine crop; irrigation sector design irrigation zoning; ECa soil sensor; moisture sensors location; soil sampling; vine crop; irrigation sector design

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MDPI and ACS Style

Arnó, J.; Uribeetxebarria, A.; Llorens, J.; Escolà, A.; Rosell-Polo, J.R.; Gregorio, E.; Martínez-Casasnovas, J.A. Drip Irrigation Soil-Adapted Sector Design and Optimal Location of Moisture Sensors: A Case Study in a Vineyard Plot. Agronomy 2023, 13, 2369. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13092369

AMA Style

Arnó J, Uribeetxebarria A, Llorens J, Escolà A, Rosell-Polo JR, Gregorio E, Martínez-Casasnovas JA. Drip Irrigation Soil-Adapted Sector Design and Optimal Location of Moisture Sensors: A Case Study in a Vineyard Plot. Agronomy. 2023; 13(9):2369. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13092369

Chicago/Turabian Style

Arnó, Jaume, Asier Uribeetxebarria, Jordi Llorens, Alexandre Escolà, Joan R. Rosell-Polo, Eduard Gregorio, and José A. Martínez-Casasnovas. 2023. "Drip Irrigation Soil-Adapted Sector Design and Optimal Location of Moisture Sensors: A Case Study in a Vineyard Plot" Agronomy 13, no. 9: 2369. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13092369

APA Style

Arnó, J., Uribeetxebarria, A., Llorens, J., Escolà, A., Rosell-Polo, J. R., Gregorio, E., & Martínez-Casasnovas, J. A. (2023). Drip Irrigation Soil-Adapted Sector Design and Optimal Location of Moisture Sensors: A Case Study in a Vineyard Plot. Agronomy, 13(9), 2369. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13092369

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