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Crystals
  • Retraction
  • Open Access

26 May 2025

RETRACTED: Waqas et al. Gyrotactic Motile Microorganisms Impact on Pseudoplastic Nanofluid Flow over a Moving Riga Surface with Exponential Heat Flux. Crystals 2022, 12, 1308

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1
School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
2
Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Islamic Architecture, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
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Research Unity, Materials, Energy and Renewable Energies, Faculty of Science of Gafsa, University of Gafsa, Gafsa 2100, Tunisia
4
Department of Mathematics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Sahiwal 57000, Pakistan
This article belongs to the Section Crystal Engineering
The Journal retracts the article entitled “Gyrotactic Motile Microorganisms Impact on Pseudoplastic Nanofluid Flow over a Moving Riga Surface with Exponential Heat Flux” [1], cited above.
Following publication, the publisher was made aware of several errors identified in the parameters and equations presented in the article.
Adhering to our complaint’s procedure, an investigation was conducted by the Editorial Office, which confirmed multiple errors in the mathematical formulation of the complex heat and mass transfer problem presented in the paper. Given the scale of the errors and their impact on the validity of the overall findings, the Editorial Board have decided that a correction would not appropriately address the issues. Consequently, the Editorial Board have decided to retract this article [1] as per MDPI’s retraction policy (https://www.mdpi.com/ethics#_bookmark30).
This retraction was approved by the Editor-in-Chief of the journal Crystals.
The authors did not agree to this retraction.

Reference

  1. Waqas, H.; Oreijah, M.; Guedri, K.; Khan, S.U.; Yang, S.; Yasmin, S.; Khan, M.I.; Bafakeeh, O.T.; Tag-ElDin, E.S.M.; Galal, A.M. RETRACTED: Gyrotactic motile microorganisms impact on pseudoplastic nanofluid flow over a moving riga surface with exponential heat flux. Crystals 2022, 12, 1308. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
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