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Micromachines, Volume 16, Issue 9
September 2025 - 109 articles
Cover Story: Microneedle arrays (MNAs) offer a minimally invasive way to monitor animal responses to heat and osmotic stress, key in adapting to global warming. These devices access interstitial fluid (ISF), which reflects blood biomarkers. While effective in humans, adapting MNAs for large farm animals like pigs and cattle requires redesign due to skin differences and species-specific behaviors. The study addressed these technological challenges to create effective MNAs with 37 microneedles, each 2.8 mm tall, using a biocompatible hydrogel (dextran-methacrylate). These arrays successfully pierced pig and cow skin and absorbed ~10 µL of fluid within 3 hours. This innovation supports improved physiological monitoring in livestock, addressing key challenges in animal health tracking under environmental stress. View this paper
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Micromachines - ISSN 2072-666XCreative Common CC BY license