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Remote Sensing
Volume 17
Issue 10
10.3390/rs17101757
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Time-Series InSAR Monitoring of Permafrost-Related Surface Deformation at Tiksi Airport: Impacts of Climate Warming and Coastal Erosion on the Northernmost Siberian Mainland

by
Qingkai Yan
1,2,
Ze Zhang
1,2,*,
Xianglong Li
1,2,
Aoxiang Yan
1,2,
Lisha Qiu
1,2,
Andrei Zhang
3,
Andrey Melnikov
3 and
Leonid Gagarin
3
1
College of Civil Engineering and Transportation, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
2
China-Russia Joint Laboratory for Cold Regions Engineering & Environment, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
3
Melnikov Permafrost Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Science, No. 36, Merzlotny Rd., 677010 Yakutsk, Russia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Remote Sens. 2025, 17(10), 1757; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17101757 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 21 March 2025 / Revised: 9 May 2025 / Accepted: 14 May 2025 / Published: 17 May 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Cryosphere Monitoring: Integrating Multi-Source Remote Sensing and AI Technologies)
Versions Notes

Abstract

The Arctic is the fastest-warming region on Earth, exhibiting a pronounced “amplifying effect”, which has triggered widespread permafrost thaw and increased the risk of surface deformation. In the Arctic coastal lowlands, permafrost is also affected by shoreline retreat. The impact of these dual stressors on surface deformation processes in the Arctic coastal lowlands remains poorly understood, particularly in terms of how permafrost thaw and shoreline retreat interact to influence surface stability. To address this gap, we employed PS-InSAR technology to monitor surface deformation from 2017 to 2021 at Tiksi Airport, the northernmost airport on the Siberian mainland, situated adjacent to the Laptev Sea. The results show that Tiksi Airport experiences localized significant surface subsidence, with deformation velocity ranging from −42 to 39 mm/yr. The near-coastal area of Tiksi Airport is strongly influenced by the ocean. Specifically, for extreme subsidence deformation (around –40 mm/yr), the surface subsidence velocity increases by 0.2 mm/yr for every 100 m closer to the coastline. Analysis of these deformation characteristics suggests that the primary causes of subsidence are land surface temperature (LST) warming and erosion by the Laptev Sea, which together lead to increased permafrost thaw. By revealing the combined effects of climate warming and coastal erosion on permafrost stability, this study contributes to enhancing the understanding of infrastructure safety and quality of life for residents in Arctic coastal subsidence areas.
Keywords: InSAR; permafrost; global warming; permafrost; ground surface deformation; Tiksi Airport; arctic coastal lowlands InSAR; permafrost; global warming; permafrost; ground surface deformation; Tiksi Airport; arctic coastal lowlands

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Yan, Q.; Zhang, Z.; Li, X.; Yan, A.; Qiu, L.; Zhang, A.; Melnikov, A.; Gagarin, L. Time-Series InSAR Monitoring of Permafrost-Related Surface Deformation at Tiksi Airport: Impacts of Climate Warming and Coastal Erosion on the Northernmost Siberian Mainland. Remote Sens. 2025, 17, 1757. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17101757

AMA Style

Yan Q, Zhang Z, Li X, Yan A, Qiu L, Zhang A, Melnikov A, Gagarin L. Time-Series InSAR Monitoring of Permafrost-Related Surface Deformation at Tiksi Airport: Impacts of Climate Warming and Coastal Erosion on the Northernmost Siberian Mainland. Remote Sensing. 2025; 17(10):1757. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17101757

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yan, Qingkai, Ze Zhang, Xianglong Li, Aoxiang Yan, Lisha Qiu, Andrei Zhang, Andrey Melnikov, and Leonid Gagarin. 2025. "Time-Series InSAR Monitoring of Permafrost-Related Surface Deformation at Tiksi Airport: Impacts of Climate Warming and Coastal Erosion on the Northernmost Siberian Mainland" Remote Sensing 17, no. 10: 1757. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17101757

APA Style

Yan, Q., Zhang, Z., Li, X., Yan, A., Qiu, L., Zhang, A., Melnikov, A., & Gagarin, L. (2025). Time-Series InSAR Monitoring of Permafrost-Related Surface Deformation at Tiksi Airport: Impacts of Climate Warming and Coastal Erosion on the Northernmost Siberian Mainland. Remote Sensing, 17(10), 1757. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17101757

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