Remote Sensing, Volume 16, Issue 22

The urban heat island (UHI) effect, a significant environmental challenge within the global urbanization process, poses severe threats to human health, ecological security, and life safety while also impacting the achievement of the United Nations Su...

Since its launch in 2016, a number of wind speed retrieval algorithms have been developed for the NASA CYGNSS satellite observations. We assess their accuracy and precision and characterize the dependence of their performance on environmental factors...

Synthetic aperture radar is widely applied to ship detection due to generating high-resolution images under diverse weather conditions and its penetration capabilities, making SAR images a valuable data source. However, detecting multi-scale ship tar...

Wildfires increasingly threaten ecosystems and infrastructure, making accurate burn severity mapping (BSM) essential for effective disaster response and environmental management. Machine learning (ML) models utilizing satellite-derived vegetation ind...

Mesoscale convective systems are effective sources of atmospheric disturbances that can reach ionospheric heights and significantly alter atmospheric and ionospheric conditions. Convective systems can affect the Earth’s atmosphere on a continen...

The present study introduces a comprehensive, open-access atlas of mesoscale eddies in the global ocean, as identified and tracked by the TOEddies algorithm implemented on a global scale. Unlike existing atlases, TOEddies detects eddies directly from...

In the process of radiometric calibration, the corrections for bidirectional reflectance distribution functions (BRDFs) and spectral band adjustment factors (SBAFs) are crucial. Time-series MODIS images are commonly used to construct BRDFs by using t...

In the original publication [...]

The integrated multi-satellite retrievals for the global precipitation measurement (IMERG) data, which is the latest generation of multi-satellite fusion inversion precipitation product provided by the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission,...

It is essential to provide high-integrity navigation information for safety-critical applications. Global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) play an important role in these applications because they can provide global, high-accuracy, all-weather na...

Digital elevation models (DEM) are widely used in many hydrologic applications, providing key information about the topography, which is a major driver of water flow in a landscape. Several open access DEMs with near-global coverage are currently ava...

For meter-wave multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar, the multipath of target echoes may cause severe errors in height measurement, especially in the case of complex terrain where terrain fluctuation, ground inclination, and multiple reflection...

Land cover maps with high accuracy are essential for environmental protection and climate change research. The 30-meter-resolution maps, with their better resolution and longer historical records, are extensively utilized to assess changes in land co...

Using digital twin models of tunnels has become critical to their efficient maintenance and management. A high-precision 3D tunnel model is the prerequisite for a successful digital twin model of tunnel applications. However, constructing high-precis...

Flood disasters are frequent, sudden, and have significant chain effects, seriously damaging infrastructure. Remote sensing images provide a means for timely flood emergency monitoring. When floods occur, emergency management agencies need to respond...

The application of the Multispectral Instrument (MSI) aboard Sentinel-2A/B constellation for assessing water quality in Chilean lakes represents an emerging area of research, particularly for the environmental monitoring of optically complex water bo...

Research on glacier movement is helpful for comprehensively understanding the laws behind this movement and can also provide a scientific basis for glacier change and analyses of the dynamic mechanisms driving atmospheric circulation and glacier evol...

Dense three-dimensional point clouds are the cornerstone of modern architectural 3D reconstruction, containing a wealth of semantic structural information about building facades. However, current methods struggle to automatically and accurately extra...

Moving target detection is one of the most important tasks of radar systems. The clutter echo received by radar is usually strong and heterogeneous when the radar works in a complex terrain environment, resulting in performance degradation in moving...

In recent decades, the rapid expansion of phytoplankton blooms caused by lake eutrophication has led to severe ecological destruction and impeded the sustainable economic development of local regions. Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) is commonly used as a biolo...

Accurate and timely extraction and evaluation of sandy land are essential for ecological environmental protection; it is urgent to do the research to support the sustainable development goals (SDGs) of Land Degradation Neutrality. This study used Sen...

Mapping shallow-water bathymetry and morphology represents a technical challenge. In fact, acoustic surveys are limited by water depths reachable by boat, and airborne surveys have high costs. Photogrammetric approaches (either via drone or from the...

Reclamation is an effective strategy for alleviating land scarcity in coastal areas, thereby providing additional arable land and opportunities for marine ranching. Monitoring the safety of artificial reclamation embankments is crucial for protecting...

On 23 January 2024, an M_w 7.01 earthquake struck the Wushi County, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. The occurrence of this earthquake provides an opportunity to gain a deeper understanding of the rupture behavior and tectonic activity of the...

It is anticipated that global warming will modify precipitation and evapotranspiration patterns, consequently affecting water availability. Changes in water availability pose challenges to freshwater supply, food security, and ecosystem sustainabilit...

With the development of sensor technology, the sources of remotely sensed image data for the same region are becoming increasingly diverse. Unlike single-source remote sensing image data, multisource remote sensing image data can provide complementar...

We introduce a new model for non-linear endmember extraction and spectral unmixing of hyperspectral imagery called Generative Simplex Mapping (GSM). The model represents endmember mixing using a latent space of points sampled within a $(n-1)$-sim...

High-precision Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite clocks are essential for LEO-augmented Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) services. Nowadays, high-precision LEO satellite clocks can be determined in real-time using a Kalman filter either onboar...

Recurring polarimetric radar signatures in supercells include deep and persistent differential reflectivity (Z_DR) columns, hail inferred in low-level scans, and the Z_DR arc signature. Prior investigations of supercell polarimetric signatures reveal p...

Formaldehyde (HCHO), a key volatile organic compound (VOC) in the atmosphere, plays a crucial role in driving photochemical processes. Satellite-based observations of column concentrations of HCHO and other gaseous pollutants (e.g., NO₂) have general...

The timely and accurate monitoring of high-seas fisheries is essential for effective management. However, efforts to monitor industry fishing vessels in the central-eastern North Pacific have been hampered by frequent cloud cover and solar illuminati...

Recently, remote sensing image forgery detection has received widespread attention. To improve the detection accuracy, we build a novel scheme based on Transformer and model fusion. Specifically, we model this task as a binary classification task tha...

Evapotranspiration (ET) plays a significant role in the surface water cycle, particularly within the unique geographical context of Southwest China. The region’s different topography, driven by mountain uplift and variations in slope direction,...

Preprocessing Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data is a crucial initial stage in leveraging SAR data for remote sensing applications. Terrain correction, both radiometric and geometric, and the detection of layover/shadow areas hold significant import...

Near space refers to the atmospheric region 20–100 km above Earth’s surface, encompassing the stratosphere, mesosphere, and part of the thermosphere. This region is susceptible to surface and upper atmospheric disturbances, and the atmosp...

Atmospheric data forecasting traditionally relies on physical models, which simulate atmospheric motion and change by solving atmospheric dynamics, thermodynamics, and radiative transfer processes. However, numerical models often involve significant...

The accurate prediction of PM_2.5 concentration across extensive temporal and spatial scales is essential for air pollution control and safeguarding public health. To address the challenges of the uneven coverage and limited number of traditional PM_2....

The precise extraction of building footprints using remote sensing technology is increasingly critical for urban planning and development amid growing urbanization. However, considering the complexity of building backgrounds, diverse scales, and vari...

Soil aggregate stability (SAS) is needed to evaluate the soil’s resistance to degradation and erosion, especially in semi-arid regions. Traditional laboratory methods for assessing SAS are labor-intensive and costly, limiting timely and cost-ef...

Recently, the passive synthetic aperture (PSA) technique has been used in passive localization to improve the position accuracy of single source by estimating the Doppler parameter of the received signal. However, in the presence of multiple sources,...

Understanding the intricate relationship between drought stress and corn yield is crucial for ensuring food security and sustainable agriculture in the face of climate change. This study investigates the subtle effects of drought stress on corn physi...

In applications such as aerial object interception and ballistic estimation, it is crucial to precisely detect the centroid position of the target rather than to merely identify the position of the target bounding box or segment all pixels belonging...

The timely and precise estimation of stem biomass is critical for monitoring the crop growing status. Optical remote sensing is limited by the penetration of sunlight into the canopy depth, and thus directly estimating winter wheat stem biomass via c...

Internal tides serve as essential intermediate steps in the cascading of oceanic energy, playing a crucial role in oceanic mixing. M2 internal tides are the dominant tidal constituent in many oceanic regions, significantly influencing ocean dynamics....

The Glimmer Imager of Urbanization (GIU) on SDGSAT-1 provides high-resolution and global-coverage images of night-time lights (NLs) with 10 m panchromatic (PAN) and 40 m multispectral (MS) imagery. High-resolution 10 m MS NL images after ideal fusion...

This study employed version 4.2.2 of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model for this simulation and applied two microphysics schemes, the Thompson scheme (THOM) and Milbrandt–Yau scheme (MY)—which are widely used in convective s...

Detailed three-dimensional (3D) radiative transfer models (RTMs) enable a clear understanding of the interactions between light, biochemistry, and canopy structure, but they are rarely explicitly evaluated due to the availability of 3D canopy structu...

The sources of uncertainty in wall-to-wall AGB maps propagate from the tree to pixel, but uncertainty due to forest cover mapping is rarely incorporated into the error propagation process. This study aimed to (1) elaborate an analytical procedure to...

The risk of soil salinization is prevalent in arid and semi-arid regions, posing a critical challenge to sustainable agriculture. This study addresses the need for accurate assessment of regional root-zone soil salt content (SSC) and understanding of...

The paper presents a GIS plugin, named Bridge Assessment System via MTInSAR (BAS-MTInSAR), aimed at assessing deformations in existing simply supported concrete girder bridges through Multi-Temporal Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar (MTInSAR)....