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Sustainability
Volume 15
Issue 14
10.3390/su151411254
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Article

Utilization of Waste Glass Cullet as Partial Substitutions of Coarse Aggregate to Produce Eco-Friendly Concrete: Role of Metakaolin as Cement Replacement

by
Noor Md. Sadiqul Hasan
1,
Nur Mohammad Nazmus Shaurdho
1,
Md. Habibur Rahman Sobuz
2,
Md. Montaseer Meraz
2,
Md. Saidul Islam
1 and
Md Jihad Miah
3,*
1
Department of Civil Engineering, International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
2
Department of Building Engineering and Construction Management, Khulna University of Engineering and Technology, Khulna 9203, Bangladesh
3
Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sustainability 2023, 15(14), 11254; https://doi.org/10.3390/su151411254
Submission received: 4 June 2023 / Revised: 12 July 2023 / Accepted: 14 July 2023 / Published: 19 July 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Developments on the Use of Sustainable Retrofitting and Construction Materials)
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Abstract

The utilization of waste products is becoming a vital aspect of the construction industry to safeguard environmental assets and mitigate pollution, all of which lead to long-term sustainable development. From this perspective, this experimental investigation was carried out to determine the cumulative influence of waste glass cullet and metakaolin (MK) as partial replacements for coarse aggregates and cement in an isolated and combined manner. This research demonstrated the influence of integrating glass aggregate and metakaolin wherein coarse aggregate was substituted by 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30% glass cullet (by weight), and cement was supplemented with 10% metakaolin. The substitution of waste glass with coarse aggregate significantly declines the compressive strength correspondingly; however, the integration of 10% metakaolin powder enhanced the strength slightly for all specimens up to 25%. On the other hand, for flexural strength, the inclusion of glass waste in concrete reduced the performance, whereas the incorporation of metakaolin boosted the strength but did not achieve greater strength compared to the control mixture. The sustainability analysis revealed that the production cost and eCO2 emission could be reduced by 15% and 7% by incorporating glass cullet and metakaolin in the concrete mix, which satisfied sustainability. Based on the experimental results, the ideal proportion substitution would be 25% glass aggregate with 10% metakaolin, which could satisfactorily be used to generate sustainable concrete.
Keywords: recycling; glass waste; metakaolin; mechanical characteristics; cost; eCO2 emissions recycling; glass waste; metakaolin; mechanical characteristics; cost; eCO2 emissions

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MDPI and ACS Style

Hasan, N.M.S.; Shaurdho, N.M.N.; Sobuz, M.H.R.; Meraz, M.M.; Islam, M.S.; Miah, M.J. Utilization of Waste Glass Cullet as Partial Substitutions of Coarse Aggregate to Produce Eco-Friendly Concrete: Role of Metakaolin as Cement Replacement. Sustainability 2023, 15, 11254. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151411254

AMA Style

Hasan NMS, Shaurdho NMN, Sobuz MHR, Meraz MM, Islam MS, Miah MJ. Utilization of Waste Glass Cullet as Partial Substitutions of Coarse Aggregate to Produce Eco-Friendly Concrete: Role of Metakaolin as Cement Replacement. Sustainability. 2023; 15(14):11254. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151411254

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hasan, Noor Md. Sadiqul, Nur Mohammad Nazmus Shaurdho, Md. Habibur Rahman Sobuz, Md. Montaseer Meraz, Md. Saidul Islam, and Md Jihad Miah. 2023. "Utilization of Waste Glass Cullet as Partial Substitutions of Coarse Aggregate to Produce Eco-Friendly Concrete: Role of Metakaolin as Cement Replacement" Sustainability 15, no. 14: 11254. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151411254

APA Style

Hasan, N. M. S., Shaurdho, N. M. N., Sobuz, M. H. R., Meraz, M. M., Islam, M. S., & Miah, M. J. (2023). Utilization of Waste Glass Cullet as Partial Substitutions of Coarse Aggregate to Produce Eco-Friendly Concrete: Role of Metakaolin as Cement Replacement. Sustainability, 15(14), 11254. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151411254

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