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Viruses
Volume 13
Issue 4
10.3390/v13040706
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Review

The Nuclear Pore Complex Is a Key Target of Viral Proteases to Promote Viral Replication

by
Luis Adrián De Jesús-González
,
Selvin Palacios-Rápalo
,
José Manuel Reyes-Ruiz
,
Juan Fidel Osuna-Ramos
,
Carlos Daniel Cordero-Rivera
,
Carlos Noé Farfan-Morales
,
Ana Lorena Gutiérrez-Escolano
* and
Rosa María del Ángel
*
Department of Infectomics and Molecular Pathogenesis, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV-IPN), Mexico City 07360, Mexico
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Viruses 2021, 13(4), 706; https://doi.org/10.3390/v13040706
Submission received: 10 March 2021 / Revised: 13 April 2021 / Accepted: 16 April 2021 / Published: 19 April 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cell-Host Interplay for Viral Nuclear Import)
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Abstract

Various viruses alter nuclear pore complex (NPC) integrity to access the nuclear content favoring their replication. Alteration of the nuclear pore complex has been observed not only in viruses that replicate in the nucleus but also in viruses with a cytoplasmic replicative cycle. In this last case, the alteration of the NPC can reduce the transport of transcription factors involved in the immune response or mRNA maturation, or inhibit the transport of mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, favoring the translation of viral mRNAs or allowing access to nuclear factors necessary for viral replication. In most cases, the alteration of the NPC is mediated by viral proteins, being the viral proteases, one of the most critical groups of viral proteins that regulate these nucleus–cytoplasmic transport changes. This review focuses on the description and discussion of the role of viral proteases in the modification of nucleus–cytoplasmic transport in viruses with cytoplasmic replicative cycles and its repercussions in viral replication.
Keywords: viral proteases; nuclear pore complex; flavivirus; enterovirus; nucleus viral proteases; nuclear pore complex; flavivirus; enterovirus; nucleus

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MDPI and ACS Style

De Jesús-González, L.A.; Palacios-Rápalo, S.; Reyes-Ruiz, J.M.; Osuna-Ramos, J.F.; Cordero-Rivera, C.D.; Farfan-Morales, C.N.; Gutiérrez-Escolano, A.L.; del Ángel, R.M. The Nuclear Pore Complex Is a Key Target of Viral Proteases to Promote Viral Replication. Viruses 2021, 13, 706. https://doi.org/10.3390/v13040706

AMA Style

De Jesús-González LA, Palacios-Rápalo S, Reyes-Ruiz JM, Osuna-Ramos JF, Cordero-Rivera CD, Farfan-Morales CN, Gutiérrez-Escolano AL, del Ángel RM. The Nuclear Pore Complex Is a Key Target of Viral Proteases to Promote Viral Replication. Viruses. 2021; 13(4):706. https://doi.org/10.3390/v13040706

Chicago/Turabian Style

De Jesús-González, Luis Adrián, Selvin Palacios-Rápalo, José Manuel Reyes-Ruiz, Juan Fidel Osuna-Ramos, Carlos Daniel Cordero-Rivera, Carlos Noé Farfan-Morales, Ana Lorena Gutiérrez-Escolano, and Rosa María del Ángel. 2021. "The Nuclear Pore Complex Is a Key Target of Viral Proteases to Promote Viral Replication" Viruses 13, no. 4: 706. https://doi.org/10.3390/v13040706

APA Style

De Jesús-González, L. A., Palacios-Rápalo, S., Reyes-Ruiz, J. M., Osuna-Ramos, J. F., Cordero-Rivera, C. D., Farfan-Morales, C. N., Gutiérrez-Escolano, A. L., & del Ángel, R. M. (2021). The Nuclear Pore Complex Is a Key Target of Viral Proteases to Promote Viral Replication. Viruses, 13(4), 706. https://doi.org/10.3390/v13040706

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