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10.3390/ma13030715
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Article

Development of an Ultra-Low Carbon MgO Refractory Doped with α-Al2O3 Nanoparticles for the Steelmaking Industry: A Microstructural and Thermo-Mechanical Study

by
C. Gómez-Rodríguez
1,*,
G. A. Castillo-Rodríguez
1,
E. A. Rodríguez-Castellanos
1,
F. J. Vázquez-Rodríguez
1,
J. F. López-Perales
1,
J. A. Aguilar-Martínez
1,
D. Fernández-González
2,*,
L. V. García-Quiñonez
3,
T. K. Das-Roy
1 and
L. F. Verdeja
2
1
Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica (FIME), Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), San Nicolás de los Garza 66450 N.L., Mexico
2
Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering, School of Mines, Energy and Materials, University of Oviedo, 33003 Oviedo/Uviéu, Spain
3
CONACYT-Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), Monterrey km, 9.5 Nueva Carretera al Aeropuerto, PITT Apodaca, Nuevo León 66603, Mexico
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Materials 2020, 13(3), 715; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13030715
Submission received: 25 November 2019 / Revised: 23 January 2020 / Accepted: 2 February 2020 / Published: 5 February 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sintering of Ores, Metallic Powders, and Ceramics)
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Abstract

The effect of α-Al2O3 nanoparticles (up to 5 wt.%) on the physical, mechanical, and thermal properties, as well as on the microstructural evolution of a dense magnesia refractory is studied. Sintering temperatures at 1300, 1500, and 1600 °C are used. The physical properties of interest were bulk density and apparent porosity, which were evaluated by the Archimedes method. Thermal properties were examined by differential scanning calorimetry. The mechanical behavior was studied by cold crushing strength and microhardness tests. Finally, the microstructure and mineralogical qualitative characteristics were studied by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, respectively. Increasing the sintering temperature resulted in improved density and reduced apparent porosity. However, as the α-Al2O3 nanoparticle content increased, the density and microhardness decreased. Microstructural observations showed that the presence of α-Al2O3 nanoparticles in the magnesia matrix induced the magnesium-aluminate spinel formation (MgAl2O4), which improved the mechanical resistance most significantly at 1500 °C.
Keywords: magnesia; refractories; α-Al2O3 nanoparticles; magnesium-alumina spinel; sintering magnesia; refractories; α-Al2O3 nanoparticles; magnesium-alumina spinel; sintering

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MDPI and ACS Style

Gómez-Rodríguez, C.; Castillo-Rodríguez, G.A.; Rodríguez-Castellanos, E.A.; Vázquez-Rodríguez, F.J.; López-Perales, J.F.; Aguilar-Martínez, J.A.; Fernández-González, D.; García-Quiñonez, L.V.; Das-Roy, T.K.; Verdeja, L.F. Development of an Ultra-Low Carbon MgO Refractory Doped with α-Al2O3 Nanoparticles for the Steelmaking Industry: A Microstructural and Thermo-Mechanical Study. Materials 2020, 13, 715. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13030715

AMA Style

Gómez-Rodríguez C, Castillo-Rodríguez GA, Rodríguez-Castellanos EA, Vázquez-Rodríguez FJ, López-Perales JF, Aguilar-Martínez JA, Fernández-González D, García-Quiñonez LV, Das-Roy TK, Verdeja LF. Development of an Ultra-Low Carbon MgO Refractory Doped with α-Al2O3 Nanoparticles for the Steelmaking Industry: A Microstructural and Thermo-Mechanical Study. Materials. 2020; 13(3):715. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13030715

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gómez-Rodríguez, C., G. A. Castillo-Rodríguez, E. A. Rodríguez-Castellanos, F. J. Vázquez-Rodríguez, J. F. López-Perales, J. A. Aguilar-Martínez, D. Fernández-González, L. V. García-Quiñonez, T. K. Das-Roy, and L. F. Verdeja. 2020. "Development of an Ultra-Low Carbon MgO Refractory Doped with α-Al2O3 Nanoparticles for the Steelmaking Industry: A Microstructural and Thermo-Mechanical Study" Materials 13, no. 3: 715. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13030715

APA Style

Gómez-Rodríguez, C., Castillo-Rodríguez, G. A., Rodríguez-Castellanos, E. A., Vázquez-Rodríguez, F. J., López-Perales, J. F., Aguilar-Martínez, J. A., Fernández-González, D., García-Quiñonez, L. V., Das-Roy, T. K., & Verdeja, L. F. (2020). Development of an Ultra-Low Carbon MgO Refractory Doped with α-Al2O3 Nanoparticles for the Steelmaking Industry: A Microstructural and Thermo-Mechanical Study. Materials, 13(3), 715. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13030715

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