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10.3390/ma13173876
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Article

Whey Protein Concentrate/Isolate Biofunctional Films Modified with Melanin from Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) Seeds

by
Łukasz Łopusiewicz
1,*,
Emilia Drozłowska
1,
Paulina Trocer
1,
Mateusz Kostek
1,
Mariusz Śliwiński
2,
Marta H. F. Henriques
3,4,
Artur Bartkowiak
1 and
Peter Sobolewski
5
1
Center of Bioimmobilisation and Innovative Packaging Materials, Faculty of Food Sciences and Fisheries, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin, Janickiego 35, 71-270 Szczecin, Poland
2
Dairy Industry Innovation Institute Ltd., Kormoranów 1, 11-700 Mrągowo, Poland
3
Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, College of Agriculture, Bencanta, PT-3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal
4
CERNAS—Research Center for Natural Resources, Environment and Society, Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Bencanta, PT-3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal
5
Department of Polymer and Biomaterials Science, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin 45 Piastów Ave, 70-311 Szczecin, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Materials 2020, 13(17), 3876; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13173876
Submission received: 6 August 2020 / Revised: 29 August 2020 / Accepted: 1 September 2020 / Published: 2 September 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modification and Processing of Biodegradable Polymers)
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Abstract

Valorization of food industry waste and plant residues represents an attractive path towards obtaining biodegradable materials and achieving “zero waste” goals. Here, melanin was isolated from watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) seeds and used as a modifier for whey protein concentrate and isolate films (WPC and WPI) at two concentrations (0.1% and 0.5%). The modification with melanin enhanced the ultraviolet (UV) blocking, water vapor barrier, swelling, and mechanical properties of the WPC/WPI films, in addition to affecting the apparent color. The modified WPC/WPI films also exhibited high antioxidant activity, but no cytotoxicity. Overall, the effects were melanin concentration-dependent. Thus, melanin from watermelon seeds can be used as a functional modifier to develop bioactive biopolymer films with good potential to be exploited in food packaging and biomedical applications.
Keywords: melanin; watermelon seeds; whey protein; bioactive films; plant residues melanin; watermelon seeds; whey protein; bioactive films; plant residues
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MDPI and ACS Style

Łopusiewicz, Ł.; Drozłowska, E.; Trocer, P.; Kostek, M.; Śliwiński, M.; Henriques, M.H.F.; Bartkowiak, A.; Sobolewski, P. Whey Protein Concentrate/Isolate Biofunctional Films Modified with Melanin from Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) Seeds. Materials 2020, 13, 3876. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13173876

AMA Style

Łopusiewicz Ł, Drozłowska E, Trocer P, Kostek M, Śliwiński M, Henriques MHF, Bartkowiak A, Sobolewski P. Whey Protein Concentrate/Isolate Biofunctional Films Modified with Melanin from Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) Seeds. Materials. 2020; 13(17):3876. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13173876

Chicago/Turabian Style

Łopusiewicz, Łukasz, Emilia Drozłowska, Paulina Trocer, Mateusz Kostek, Mariusz Śliwiński, Marta H. F. Henriques, Artur Bartkowiak, and Peter Sobolewski. 2020. "Whey Protein Concentrate/Isolate Biofunctional Films Modified with Melanin from Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) Seeds" Materials 13, no. 17: 3876. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13173876

APA Style

Łopusiewicz, Ł., Drozłowska, E., Trocer, P., Kostek, M., Śliwiński, M., Henriques, M. H. F., Bartkowiak, A., & Sobolewski, P. (2020). Whey Protein Concentrate/Isolate Biofunctional Films Modified with Melanin from Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) Seeds. Materials, 13(17), 3876. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13173876

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