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Journal of Eye Movement Research is published by MDPI from Volume 18 Issue 1 (2025). Previous articles were published by another publisher in Open Access under a CC-BY (or CC-BY-NC-ND) licence, and they are hosted by MDPI on mdpi.com as a courtesy and upon agreement with Bern Open Publishing (BOP).

J. Eye Mov. Res., Volume 5, Issue 2 (December 2012) – 6 articles

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19 pages, 20338 KiB  
Article
Collecting and Analyzing Eye-Tracking Data in Outdoor Environments
by Karen M. Evans, Robert A. Jacobs, John A. Tarduno and Jeff B. Pelz
J. Eye Mov. Res. 2012, 5(2), 1-19; https://doi.org/10.16910/jemr.5.2.6 - 15 Dec 2012
Cited by 38 | Viewed by 68
Abstract
Natural outdoor conditions pose unique obstacles for researchers, above and beyond those inherent to all mobile eye-tracking research. During analyses of a large set of eye-tracking data collected on geologists examining outdoor scenes, we have found that the nature of calibration, pupil identification, [...] Read more.
Natural outdoor conditions pose unique obstacles for researchers, above and beyond those inherent to all mobile eye-tracking research. During analyses of a large set of eye-tracking data collected on geologists examining outdoor scenes, we have found that the nature of calibration, pupil identification, fixation detection, and gaze analysis all require procedures different from those typically used for indoor studies. Here, we discuss each of these challenges and present solutions, which together define a general method useful for investigations relying on outdoor eye-tracking data. We also discuss recommendations for improving the tools that are available, to further increase the accuracy and utility of outdoor eyetracking data. Full article
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12 pages, 708 KiB  
Article
When East Meets West: Gaze-Contingent Blindspots Abolish Cultural Diversity in Eye Movements for Faces
by Sébastien Miellet, Lingnan He, Xinyue Zhou, Junpeng Lao and Roberto Caldara
J. Eye Mov. Res. 2012, 5(2), 1-12; https://doi.org/10.16910/jemr.5.2.5 - 8 May 2012
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 63
Abstract
Culture impacts on how people sample visual information for face processing. Westerners deploy fixations towards the eyes and the mouth to achieve face recognition. In contrast, Easterners reach equal performance by deploying more central fixations, suggesting an effective extrafoveal information use. However, this [...] Read more.
Culture impacts on how people sample visual information for face processing. Westerners deploy fixations towards the eyes and the mouth to achieve face recognition. In contrast, Easterners reach equal performance by deploying more central fixations, suggesting an effective extrafoveal information use. However, this hypothesis has not been yet directly investigated, i.e., by providing only extrafoveal information to both groups of observers. We used a parametric gaze-contingent technique dynamically masking central vision—the Blindspot—with Western and Eastern observers during face recognition. Westerners shifted progressively towards the typical Eastern central fixation pattern with larger Blindspots, whereas Easterners were insensitive to the Blindspots. These observations clearly show that Easterners preferentially sample information extrafoveally for faces. Conversely, the Western data also show that culturally-dependent visuo-motor strategies can flexibly adjust to constrained visual situations. Full article
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12 pages, 395 KiB  
Article
It’s All About the Transient: Intra-Saccadic Onset Stimuli Do Not Capture Attention
by Sebastiaan Mathôt and Jan Theeuwes
J. Eye Mov. Res. 2012, 5(2), 1-12; https://doi.org/10.16910/jemr.5.2.4 - 2 May 2012
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 59
Abstract
An abrupt onset stimulus was presented while the participants’ eyes were in motion. Because of saccadic suppression, participants did not perceive the visual transient that normally accompanies the sudden appearance of a stimulus. In contrast to the typical finding that the presentation of [...] Read more.
An abrupt onset stimulus was presented while the participants’ eyes were in motion. Because of saccadic suppression, participants did not perceive the visual transient that normally accompanies the sudden appearance of a stimulus. In contrast to the typical finding that the presentation of an abrupt onset captures attention and interferes with the participants’ responses, we found that an intra-saccadic abrupt onset does not capture attention: It has no effect beyond that of increasing the set-size of the search array by one item. This finding favours the local transient account of attentional capture over the novel object hypothesis. Full article
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9 pages, 277 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Eye and Head Coordination in a Visual Peripheral Recognition Task
by Simon Schwab, Othmar Würmle and Andreas Altorfer
J. Eye Mov. Res. 2012, 5(2), 1-9; https://doi.org/10.16910/jemr.5.2.3 - 1 May 2012
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 58
Abstract
Coordinated eye and head movements simultaneously occur to scan the visual world for relevant targets. However, measuring both eye and head movements in experiments allowing natural head movements may be challenging. This paper provides an approach to study eye-head coordination: First, we demonstrate [...] Read more.
Coordinated eye and head movements simultaneously occur to scan the visual world for relevant targets. However, measuring both eye and head movements in experiments allowing natural head movements may be challenging. This paper provides an approach to study eye-head coordination: First, we demonstrate the capabilities and limits of the eye-head tracking system used, and compare it to other technologies. Second, a behavioral task is introduced to invoke eye-head coordination. Third, a method is introduced to reconstruct signal loss in video-based oculography caused by cornea reflection artifacts in order to extend the tracking range. Finally, parameters of eye-head coordination are identified using EHCA (eye-head coordination analyzer), a MATLAB software which was developed to analyze eye-head shifts.To demonstrate the capabilities of the approach, a study with 11 healthy subjects was performed to investigate motion behavior. The approach presented here is discussed as an instrument to explore eye-head coordination, which may lead to further insights into attentional and motor symptoms of certain neurological or psychiatric diseases, e.g., schizophrenia. Full article
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14 pages, 1062 KiB  
Article
Assessment of Dual-Mode and Switched-Channel Models with Experimental Vergence Responses
by You Yun Lee, John L. Semmlow and Tara L. Alvarez
J. Eye Mov. Res. 2012, 5(2), 1-14; https://doi.org/10.16910/jemr.5.2.2 - 26 Apr 2012
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 48
Abstract
Controversy exists in the literature regarding the basic neural control structure that mediates convergence responses. This study constructed and simulated two models, the switched-channel feedback model and the dual-mode model consisting of preprogrammed with feedback control. Models were constructed and compared to experimental [...] Read more.
Controversy exists in the literature regarding the basic neural control structure that mediates convergence responses. This study constructed and simulated two models, the switched-channel feedback model and the dual-mode model consisting of preprogrammed with feedback control. Models were constructed and compared to experimental data. The stimuli consisted of 2° and 4° vergence steps. Both closed- and open-loop settings were utilized. After parameter adjustment, both models could accurately simulate step responses from subjects having a range of response dynamics. The model with a preprogrammed element required less parameter modification when stimulus amplitude changed. Both models could accurately simulate some attributes of vergence; however, neither model could represent the modifications commonly observed within the transient portion of the vergence response. Full article
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8 pages, 155 KiB  
Article
Vergence Tracking: A Tool to Assess Oculomotor Performance in Stereoscopic Displays
by Pascaline Neveu, Matthieu Philippe, Anne-Emmanuelle Priot, Philippe Fuchs and Corinne Roumes
J. Eye Mov. Res. 2012, 5(2), 1-8; https://doi.org/10.16910/jemr.5.2.1 - 20 Apr 2012
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 61
Abstract
Oculomotor conflict induced between the accommodative and vergence components in stereoscopic displays represents an unnatural viewing condition. There is now some evidence that stereoscopic viewing may induce discomfort and changes in oculomotor parameters. The present study sought to measure oculomotor performance during stereoscopic [...] Read more.
Oculomotor conflict induced between the accommodative and vergence components in stereoscopic displays represents an unnatural viewing condition. There is now some evidence that stereoscopic viewing may induce discomfort and changes in oculomotor parameters. The present study sought to measure oculomotor performance during stereoscopic viewing. Using a 3D stereo setup and an eye-tracker, vergence responses were measured during 20-min exposure to a virtual visual target oscillating in depth, which participants had to track. The results showed a significant decline in the amplitude of the in-depth oscillatory vergence response over time. We propose that eye-tracking provides a useful tool to objectively assess the timevarying alterations of the vergence system when using stereoscopic displays. Full article
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