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Current Oncology
Volume 32
Issue 6
10.3390/curroncol32060304
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Systematic Review

Effects of Exercise on Depression and Anxiety in Lung Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

by
Cuiqing Zhao
1,†,
Xifeng Tao
2,3,†,
Bingkai Lei
3,
Yifan Zhang
4,
Gen Li
5,
Yuanyuan Lv
2,6,* and
Laikang Yu
2,4,*
1
Division of Physical Education, Myongji University, Seoul 03674, Republic of Korea
2
Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Performance and Skill Assessment, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
3
School of Physical Education, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
4
Department of Strength and Conditioning Assessment and Monitoring, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
5
School of Physical Education & Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
6
China Institute of Sport and Health Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Curr. Oncol. 2025, 32(6), 304; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32060304
Submission received: 31 March 2025 / Revised: 7 May 2025 / Accepted: 22 May 2025 / Published: 25 May 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Self-Management/Patient Activation and Self-Management Support Interventions for Cancer Survivors)
Versions Notes

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the effects of exercise on depression and anxiety in lung cancer survivors and identify the optimal exercise prescription for this population. Searches were conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus, CNKI, and Wanfang Data up to 7 January 2024. A meta-analysis was performed to calculate the standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval. Thirteen studies were included in this meta-analysis. Exercise significantly alleviated depression (SMD, −0.54; p = 0.002) and anxiety (SMD, −0.66; p = 0.0002) in lung cancer survivors. Subgroup analyses showed that aerobic exercise, exercise conducted > 3 times per week, <60 min per session, and ≥180 min per week, were more effective in alleviating depression and anxiety, particularly in middle-aged individuals. In conclusion, exercise alleviates depression and anxiety in lung cancer survivors, particularly those who are middle-aged, and aerobic exercise may be the most effective intervention. This meta-analysis provides clinicians with evidence to recommend that lung cancer survivors engage in exercise more than three times per week, with each session lasting less than 60 min, aiming to achieve a total of 180 min per week by increasing the frequency of exercise.
Keywords: exercise; lung cancer; depression; anxiety exercise; lung cancer; depression; anxiety

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Zhao, C.; Tao, X.; Lei, B.; Zhang, Y.; Li, G.; Lv, Y.; Yu, L. Effects of Exercise on Depression and Anxiety in Lung Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Curr. Oncol. 2025, 32, 304. https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32060304

AMA Style

Zhao C, Tao X, Lei B, Zhang Y, Li G, Lv Y, Yu L. Effects of Exercise on Depression and Anxiety in Lung Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Current Oncology. 2025; 32(6):304. https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32060304

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhao, Cuiqing, Xifeng Tao, Bingkai Lei, Yifan Zhang, Gen Li, Yuanyuan Lv, and Laikang Yu. 2025. "Effects of Exercise on Depression and Anxiety in Lung Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials" Current Oncology 32, no. 6: 304. https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32060304

APA Style

Zhao, C., Tao, X., Lei, B., Zhang, Y., Li, G., Lv, Y., & Yu, L. (2025). Effects of Exercise on Depression and Anxiety in Lung Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Current Oncology, 32(6), 304. https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32060304

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