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Article

A Comparison of Bioimpedance Analysis vs. Dual X-ray Absorptiometry for Body Composition Assessment in Postpartum Women and Non-Postpartum Controls

by
Valene Garr Barry
1,*,
Samantha L. Martin
2,
Paula Chandler-Laney
3,
Ebony B. Carter
1 and
Camille S. Worthington
3
1
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
2
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
3
Department of Nutrition Sciences, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(20), 13636; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013636
Submission received: 29 August 2022 / Revised: 28 September 2022 / Accepted: 30 September 2022 / Published: 20 October 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) in Human Health and Life)
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Abstract

Postpartum fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) may be informative predictors of future disease risk among women; hence, there is growing use of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) to quantify FFM and FM among postpartum women due to the quick, non-invasive, and inexpensive nature of BIA. Despite this, very few studies have examined BIA’s performance, and it remains unclear as to whether specific BIA equations are needed for postpartum women. To explore these questions, we measured total body FFM and FM with a multi-frequency, segmental BIA, and dual-X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in (1) women at one and four months postpartum (n = 21); and (2) height- and weight-matched non-postpartum women (controls, n = 21). BIA was compared to DXA using Deming regression models, paired t-tests, and Bland–Altman plots. Between-group comparisons were performed using an analysis of variance models. The mean difference between DXA and BIA was 1.2 ± 1.7 kg FFM (p < 0.01) and −1.0 ± 1.7 kg FM (p < 0.05) in postpartum women at both time points. The measurements of longitudinal changes in FFM and FM were not significantly different between BIA and DXA. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in BIA’s performance in postpartum vs. non-postpartum women (p = 0.29), which suggests that population-specific equations are not needed for postpartum women. The results of this study suggest that BIA is a suitable method to assess postpartum body composition among women at one and four months postpartum, using existing age-, race-, and sex-adjusted equations.
Keywords: bioelectrical impedance analysis; postpartum; dual-X-ray absorptiometry; women; body composition; fat mass; fat-free mass bioelectrical impedance analysis; postpartum; dual-X-ray absorptiometry; women; body composition; fat mass; fat-free mass

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MDPI and ACS Style

Garr Barry, V.; Martin, S.L.; Chandler-Laney, P.; Carter, E.B.; Worthington, C.S. A Comparison of Bioimpedance Analysis vs. Dual X-ray Absorptiometry for Body Composition Assessment in Postpartum Women and Non-Postpartum Controls. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 13636. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013636

AMA Style

Garr Barry V, Martin SL, Chandler-Laney P, Carter EB, Worthington CS. A Comparison of Bioimpedance Analysis vs. Dual X-ray Absorptiometry for Body Composition Assessment in Postpartum Women and Non-Postpartum Controls. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(20):13636. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013636

Chicago/Turabian Style

Garr Barry, Valene, Samantha L. Martin, Paula Chandler-Laney, Ebony B. Carter, and Camille S. Worthington. 2022. "A Comparison of Bioimpedance Analysis vs. Dual X-ray Absorptiometry for Body Composition Assessment in Postpartum Women and Non-Postpartum Controls" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 20: 13636. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013636

APA Style

Garr Barry, V., Martin, S. L., Chandler-Laney, P., Carter, E. B., & Worthington, C. S. (2022). A Comparison of Bioimpedance Analysis vs. Dual X-ray Absorptiometry for Body Composition Assessment in Postpartum Women and Non-Postpartum Controls. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(20), 13636. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013636

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