Current Issues in Molecular Biology, Volume 47, Issue 4

Excessive glucose absorption is a major contributing factor of metabolic disorders that necessitates effective therapeutic strategies. This study investigates the potential of fermented Aralia cordata extract (FACE) in regulating glucose transport an...

The progression of type 2 diabetes is associated with multiple complications, one of which is diabetic nephropathy (DN). This study aimed at investigating the nephroprotective potential of two doses 150 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg of Tanacetum balsamita leaf...

Prostate cancer is one of the world’s leading causes of cancer-related mortalities. There are several diagnostic tools and treatment plans readily available, such as prostate-specific antigen (PSA) tests and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT)....

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by systemic inflammation that primarily affects the joints but can also involve extra-articular organs. Its multifactorial etiology remains incompletely understood, necessitating...

Folliculin-interacting protein 1 (FNIP1) is a key regulator of cellular metabolism and immune homeostasis, integrating nutrient signaling with proteostasis. FNIP1 forms a complex with folliculin (FLCN) to regulate the mechanistic target of rapamycin...

Despite significant progress in the treatment of cancer patients, modern oncological therapy faces numerous challenges that are primarily related to the lack of response to treatment caused by the resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapeutics [...]

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the most prevalent sexually transmitted disease, and a primary cause of persistent infection leading to cervical cancer (CC). CC remains one of the most common malignancies among women worldwide, with approxima...

Bone tissue engineering (BTE) has emerged as a promising strategy for addressing bone defects and disorders that cannot be repaired through traditional methods. This field leverages the potential of various biomaterials, cells, and bioactive factors...

Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic option beyond their established role in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. Recent research has highlighted their beneficial effects on li...

FGFRL1 (fibroblast growth factor receptor-like 1) is a newly identified member of the FGFR family. Its extracellular domain resembles the four conventional FGFRs, while its intracellular part lacks the tyrosine kinase domain necessary for FGF-mediate...

Background: This paper investigates the effect of intranasal insulin administration on brain glutathione (GSH) levels and elucidates the potential mechanism by which insulin enhances antioxidant defenses in the brain. Methods: C57BL/6J mice were intr...

End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a serious and lethal disease that carries with it a high morbidity and mortality rate if left untreated. Treating ESRD is conducted via renal replacement therapy and/or kidney transplantation, with the latter being t...

This review aims to analyze the role of heat shock protein 47 (HSP47) in thrombosis and evaluate its potential as a therapeutic target for deep vein thrombosis (DVT). A systematic literature review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Scien...

Background/Objectives: Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is characterized by its diverse molecular profiles and varying responses to treatment, highlighting the importance of precision medicine in optimizing therapeutic outcomes. A promising appr...

Obesity is a growing global public health concern, with its prevalence rapidly increasing in Turkey, leading to severe consequences. Genetic factors, particularly mutations in structural genes and microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in gene expression regula...

A key feature in sheep biology is reproduction seasonality which concerns the cyclical occurrence of natural breeding, which therefore does not take place throughout the year. Since sheep are short-day breeders, the amount of daylight has an impact o...

Transient receptor potential vanilloid 3 (TRPV3) is a non-selective cation channel prominently present in the skin. It plays a role in diverse physiological and pathological functions like inflammation of the skin, pain sensations in the skin, and pe...

Cytokine therapy is a rapidly evolving field in bladder cancer research, with treatments designed to enhance immune responses, improve targeting, and promote tumor cell recognition and elimination. This review explores pro-inflammatory cytokines, ant...

The genus Dendrobium (Orchidaceae) is highly renowned for its great medicinal and ornamental values. However, due to morphological similarities among closely related taxa within this genus, certain species are frequently subject to misidentification...

Vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) has emerged as a robust alternative for addressing anatomically complex defects but requires a toxic lifelong immunosuppressive regimen. Tissue engineering offers the promise of creating recipient-spec...

When subclinical ketosis (SCK) occurs in dairy cows, it leads to an excessive production of β-hydroxybutyrat (BHBA), which disrupts liver lipid metabolism and triggers a series of inflammatory responses. Rutin (RT), a flavonoid extracted from pl...

Ageing is a complex and unavoidable physiological process which, in simple terms, consists of a progressive deterioration in the functionality of cells, tissues and organs, culminating in an increased risk of developing chronic pathologies. Telomeres...

Exome sequencing (ES) is an essential part in clinical diagnosis of hereditary disorders. However, ES can reveal secondary findings (SFs) in medically actionable genes that are not related to the patient’s phenotype. In this study, we performed...

Background: This case–control study investigates whether miR-27a rs895819 A>G polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) in Caucasian Greek women. Methods: This study included 93 women with at least t...

With the increasing attention of modern medicine to natural medicinal agents, Inonotus obliquus (chaga), a macrofungus with remarkable medicinal value, has gradually garnered widespread academic interest. This paper reviews the primary bioactive comp...

Genetic and epigenetic alterations of various biomolecules at the molecular level can contribute to the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and negative impact prognosis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of von Willebrand...

Cancer gene therapy is attracting considerable attention as a new treatment method for overcoming intractable cancers. CAR-T cell therapy has already achieved remarkable results, particularly for hematological tumors. Because CAR-T cells can increase...

Histone demethylases (HDMs) play a pivotal role in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression through dynamic epigenetic regulation. This review summarizes the role and therapeutic potential of HDM in CRC. HDMs primarily target lysine (K) for demethylation...

Current research discusses the putative importance of RNA modification in tumor diseases. These RNA modifications include predominantly pseudouridinylation, ortho-methylations on the ribose residues, as well as methylations on the organic bases. Such...

The impact of the microbiota on radiation (RT)-induced toxicity and cancer response to radiotherapy is an emerging area of interest. In this review, we summarize the available preclinical and clinical evidence concerning microbiota modulation of RT t...

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with metastasis representing a pivotal factor in poor prognosis and high fatality rates. This review offers a comprehensive examination of the key molecular even...

CD3⁺ CD8⁺ CD57⁺ mono-, oligo-, and poly-clonal expansions, both idiopathic and clinically related diseases, including as autoimmunity, viral infections, post-transplant, and hematologic malignancies, can cause T large granular lymphocyte (T-LGL) lymp...

A characteristic of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is the inflammation of the respiratory pathway. Inflammatory regulators affected in COPD include cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL-1&b...

Background: Ameloblastic carcinoma (AC) is a rare malignant odontogenic tumor with limited knowledge surrounding its pathogenesis, molecular pathways, clinical behavior, treatment, and prognosis. This 40-year literature scoping review aims to enhance...

Waldenström Macroglobulinemia (WM) is a rare, indolent B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by the production of monoclonal IgM paraprotein and infiltration of the bone marrow by lymphoplasmacytic cells. While WM generally exhibits...

Chronic pain, defined by persistent pain beyond normal healing time, is a pervasive and debilitating condition affecting up to 30–50% of adults globally. In parallel, neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Park...

Bioinformatics plays a crucial role in bacterial genomics and metagenomics research, transforming our understanding of microbial communities and their functions [...]

This study was designed to investigate the immunostimulatory and anticancer efficacies of pectic polysaccharides from ginseng leaves treated using the high-pressure extraction method (HPEM). The isolation of polysaccharides using HPEM resulted in 1.3...

Regenerative processes occur at various levels in all organisms, yet their complexity continues to raise new questions about their mechanisms. It has been demonstrated that small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), secreted by all cells and influencing th...

Kidney transplantation is the preferred treatment for chronic kidney disease, significantly improving patient survival and quality of life. After the procedure, there is a gradual tendency to normalize most of the physiological and metabolic processe...

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by persistent synovial inflammation, joint destruction, and systemic complications. The nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat family, pyrin domain-containing-3 (NLRP3)...

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a heterogeneous myeloid clonal disorder that represents a significant threat to human health. As₂S₂, a natural compound, has been shown to exert therapeutic effects on various malignant tumors, including acute myeloi...

Bats are the only mammals with the ability to fly and are the second largest order after rodents, with 20 families and 1213 species (over 3000 subspecies) and are widely distributed in regions around the world except for Antarctica. What makes bats u...

Tendons connect animal skeletons to skeletal muscles, playing a crucial role in weight-bearing and maintaining motor functions. After decellularization, tendon extracellular matrix (tECM) retains the physicochemical characteristics similar to those o...

Among medicinal plants, the Panax genus (family: Araliaceae) includes plant species widely recognized for their multi-faceted pharmacological attributes. The triterpenoids, designated as ginsenosides, are increasingly recognized as drug-like molecule...

Growth differentiation factor 6 (GDF6), a member of the TGF-β superfamily, plays multifaceted roles in tumorigenesis, yet its molecular mechanisms and cancer-type-specific regulatory networks remain poorly defined. This study investigates GDF6&r...

Caffeine is administered to preterm infants in neonatal intensive care units for prevention and treatment of apnea of prematurity. Although caffeine’s primary effect is to impact the respiratory drive of preterm infants, caffeine also has anti-...

At the forefront of regenerative medicine, orthobiologics represent a spectrum of biological substances that offer promising alternatives for tissue repair and regeneration. Traditional surgical treatments often involve significant risks, extended re...

Respiratory viruses such as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) annually cause respiratory illness, which may result in substantial disease and mortality in susceptible individuals. Viruses exploit host cell machinery for replication, which engages the...

Background: Long COVID is characterized by persistent symptoms following acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study aims to evaluate immune system markers, including antigen-specific antibodies, B cell subsets, and Th2-related cytokines, in individuals w...