Characterization, In Vitro Biological Activity and In Vivo Cardioprotective Properties of Trametes versicolor (L.:Fr.) Quél. Heteropolysaccharides in a Rat Model of Metabolic Syndrome
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Chemical Analyses of TV Heteropolysaccharides
2.1.1. FT-IR Spectra
2.1.2. Monosaccharide Composition
2.1.3. Molecular Weight
2.2. α-Amylase Activity
2.3. Antimicrobial Activity
2.4. Effects of TV Supplementation on Hemodynamic Parameters
2.4.1. Blood Pressure Analysis
2.4.2. Echocardiographic Evaluation
2.5. Effects of TVH Supplementation on Systemic Oxidative Stress
2.6. Effects of TVH Supplementation on OGTT
2.7. Insulin Level Measurement
2.8. Lipid Status
2.9. Ex Vivo Cardiac Function
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Preparation of Mushroom Heteropolysaccharides
4.2. Chemical Analyses
4.2.1. FT-IR Analysis
4.2.2. Monosaccharide Composition
4.2.3. Molecular Weight Determination
4.3. α-Amylase Inhibition Assay
4.4. Antibacterial and Anticandidal Activity
4.5. Animal Protocol
4.6. Experimental Design
4.7. Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) and Glucose Levels Determination
4.8. Insulin Level Measurement
4.9. Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Measurement
4.10. Echocardiographic Evaluation
4.11. Lipid Status
4.12. Systemic Oxidative Stress
4.13. Ex Vivo Cardiac Function
4.14. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Absorption (cm−1) | |
---|---|
Functional Groups | TVH |
Stretching vibration of O-H group | 3273.18 |
-CH stretching vibration | 2915.27 |
Bound water | 1634.65 |
-CH (O-CH2) stretching vibration | 1375.06 |
C-O stretching vibration | 1240.63 |
β-linked glycosyl group | 1029.09 |
No. | Monosaccharide Standards | Rt (min) | TVH (%) |
---|---|---|---|
1. | Arabinose | 14.05 | n.d. * |
2. | Rhamnose | 14.50 | 3.34 |
3. | Fucose | 14.75 | n.d. * |
4. | Xylose | 15.19 | 0.65 |
5. | Mannose | 16.13 | n.d. * |
6. | Galactose | 17.08 | 37.58 |
7. | Glucose | 17.52 | 46.01 |
Sample | α-Amylase Inhibition; IC50 (µg/mL) |
---|---|
TVH | n.a. a |
Acarbose | 87.15 ± 2.93 |
Microorganisms | TVH | Streptomycin/Ketoconazole | |
---|---|---|---|
Proteus vulgaris (B44) (clinical isolate) | MIC | 8.00 | 0.003 |
MBC | 16.00 | 0.006 | |
S. lugdunensisis (B43) (clinical isolate) | MIC | >16.00 | 0.003 |
MBC | >16.00 | 0.006 | |
S. epidermidis (B45) (clinical isolate) | MIC | 8.00 | 0.10 |
MBC | 16.00 | 0.20 | |
C. kefyr (Y289) (clinical isolate) | MIC | 8.00 | 0.015 |
MBC | 16.00 | 0.030 | |
C. krusei (Y454) (clinical isolate) | MIC | 8.00 | 0.015 |
MBC | 16.00 | 0.030 | |
C. albicans (Y177) (clinical isolate) | MIC | 8.00 | 0.015 |
MBC | 16.00 | 0.030 |
Group | IVSd (cm) | LVIDd (cm) | LVPWd (cm) | IVSs (cm) | LVIDs (cm) | LVPWs (cm) | FS (%) | EF (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CTRL | 0.174 ± 0.04 | 0.758 ± 0.15 | 0.198 ± 0.03 | 0.234 ± 0.03 | 0.405 ± 0.08 | 0.200 ± 0.05 | 48.836 ± 3.58 | 82.504 ± 7.85 |
MetS | 0.162 ± 0.03 | 0.670 ± 0.17 | 0.203 ± 0.02 | 0.219 ± 0.05 | 0.444 ± 0.12 | 0.241 ± 0.03 | 35.854 ± 8.16 a | 67.544 ± 8.97 a |
H-TV | 0.130 ± 0.02 ab | 0.531 ± 0.12 ab | 0.162 ± 0.0 ab | 0.173 ± 0.05 ab | 0.304 ± 0.09 ab | 0.167 ± 0.05 ab | 44.790 ± 7.43 b | 79.938 ± 6.03 b |
M-TV | 0.126 ± 0.02 ab | 0.611 ± 0.24 abc | 0.162 ± 0.04 ab | 0.163 ± 0.06 ab | 0.346 ± 0.11 ab | 0.207 ± 0.09 c | 40.241 ± 2.97 ab | 78.490 ± 4.43 b |
L-TV | 0.141 ± 0.02 ab | 0.536 ± 0.17 abd | 0.167 ± 0.03 ab | 0.163 ± 0.05 ab | 0.371 ± 0.13 abc | 0.175 ± 0.04 abc | 31.295 ± 4.63 acd | 65.271 ± 6.70 acd |
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Nikolic, M.; Lazarevic, N.; Novakovic, J.; Jeremic, N.; Jakovljevic, V.; Zivkovic, V.; Bradic, J.; Pecarski, D.; Tel-Çayan, G.; Glamocija, J.; et al. Characterization, In Vitro Biological Activity and In Vivo Cardioprotective Properties of Trametes versicolor (L.:Fr.) Quél. Heteropolysaccharides in a Rat Model of Metabolic Syndrome. Pharmaceuticals 2023, 16, 787. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16060787
Nikolic M, Lazarevic N, Novakovic J, Jeremic N, Jakovljevic V, Zivkovic V, Bradic J, Pecarski D, Tel-Çayan G, Glamocija J, et al. Characterization, In Vitro Biological Activity and In Vivo Cardioprotective Properties of Trametes versicolor (L.:Fr.) Quél. Heteropolysaccharides in a Rat Model of Metabolic Syndrome. Pharmaceuticals. 2023; 16(6):787. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16060787
Chicago/Turabian StyleNikolic, Marina, Nevena Lazarevic, Jovana Novakovic, Nevena Jeremic, Vladimir Jakovljevic, Vladimir Zivkovic, Jovana Bradic, Danijela Pecarski, Gülsen Tel-Çayan, Jasmina Glamocija, and et al. 2023. "Characterization, In Vitro Biological Activity and In Vivo Cardioprotective Properties of Trametes versicolor (L.:Fr.) Quél. Heteropolysaccharides in a Rat Model of Metabolic Syndrome" Pharmaceuticals 16, no. 6: 787. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16060787