An Overview on Microfluidic Systems for Nucleic Acids Extraction from Human Raw Samples
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Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council, 16149 Genova, Italy
2
Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, James Watt South Building, Glasgow G128LT, UK
3
Diagnostica Veterinaria La Lanterna S.n.c., 16149 Genova, Italy
4
Nanoscience Institute, National Research Council, 41125 Modena, Italy
5
Department of Physics, Informatics and Mathematics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Artur Dybko
Sensors 2021, 21(9), 3058; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21093058
Received: 12 March 2021
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Revised: 13 April 2021
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Accepted: 19 April 2021
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Published: 27 April 2021
(This article belongs to the Collection Enabling Technologies for Biosensors)
Nucleic acid (NA) extraction is a basic step for genetic analysis, from scientific research to diagnostic and forensic applications. It aims at preparing samples for its application with biomolecular technologies such as isothermal and non-isothermal amplification, hybridization, electrophoresis, Sanger sequencing and next-generation sequencing. Multiple steps are involved in NA collection from raw samples, including cell separation from the rest of the specimen, cell lysis, NA isolation and release. Typically, this process needs molecular biology facilities, specialized instrumentation and labor-intensive operations. Microfluidic devices have been developed to analyze NA samples with high efficacy and sensitivity. In this context, the integration within the chip of the sample preparation phase is crucial to leverage the promise of portable, fast, user-friendly and economic point-of-care solutions. This review presents an overview of existing lab-on-a-chip (LOC) solutions designed to provide automated NA extraction from human raw biological fluids, such as whole blood, excreta (urine and feces), saliva. It mainly focuses on LOC implementation aspects, aiming to describe a detailed panorama of strategies implemented for different human raw sample preparations.
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Keywords:
lab-on-chip; LOC; nucleic acid extraction; microfluidics; solid-phase extraction; SPE
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MDPI and ACS Style
Obino, D.; Vassalli, M.; Franceschi, A.; Alessandrini, A.; Facci, P.; Viti, F. An Overview on Microfluidic Systems for Nucleic Acids Extraction from Human Raw Samples. Sensors 2021, 21, 3058. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21093058
AMA Style
Obino D, Vassalli M, Franceschi A, Alessandrini A, Facci P, Viti F. An Overview on Microfluidic Systems for Nucleic Acids Extraction from Human Raw Samples. Sensors. 2021; 21(9):3058. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21093058
Chicago/Turabian StyleObino, Daniele, Massimo Vassalli, Alberto Franceschi, Andrea Alessandrini, Paolo Facci, and Federica Viti. 2021. "An Overview on Microfluidic Systems for Nucleic Acids Extraction from Human Raw Samples" Sensors 21, no. 9: 3058. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21093058
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