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Review

The Garlic Tree of Borneo, Scorodocarpus borneensis (Baill.) Becc. (Olacaceae): Potential Utilization in Pharmaceutical, Nutraceutical, and Functional Cosmetic Industries

by
Christophe Wiart
1,*,
Afsana Amin Shorna
2,
Mohammed Rahmatullah
2,
Veeranoot Nissapatorn
3,
Jaya Seelan Sathya Seelan
1,
Homathevi Rahman
1,
Nor Azizun Rusdi
1,
Nazirah Mustaffa
1,
Layane Elbehairy
4 and
Mazdida Sulaiman
4
1
Institute for Tropical Biology & Conservation, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Malaysia
2
Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, University of Development Alternative, Dhaka 1209, Bangladesh
3
School of Allied Health Sciences, World Union for Herbal Drug Discovery (WUHeDD), and Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products (RECIHP), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
4
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2023, 28(15), 5717; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28155717
Submission received: 1 May 2023 / Revised: 6 July 2023 / Accepted: 7 July 2023 / Published: 28 July 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Foods Ingredients as Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals II)
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Abstract

Scorodocarpus borneensis (Baill.) Becc. is attracting increased attention as a potential commercial medicinal plant product in Southeast Asia. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the taxonomy, habitat, distribution, medicinal uses, natural products, pharmacology, toxicology, and potential utilization of S. borneesis in the pharmaceutical/nutraceutical/functional cosmetic industries. All data in this review were compiled from Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, ChemSpider, PubChem, and a library search from 1866 to 2022. A total of 33 natural products have been identified, of which 11 were organosulfur compounds. The main organosulfur compound in the seeds is bis-(methylthiomethyl)disulfide, which inhibited the growth of a broad spectrum of bacteria and fungi, T-lymphoblastic leukemia cells, as well as platelet aggregation. Organic extracts evoked anti-microbial, cytotoxic, anti-free radical, and termiticidal effects. S. borneensis and its natural products have important and potentially patentable pharmacological properties. In particular, the seeds have the potential to be used as a source of food preservatives, antiseptics, or termiticides. However, there is a need to establish acute and chronic toxicity, to examine in vivo pharmacological effects and to perform clinical studies.
Keywords: garlic tree; nutraceutical; organosulfurs; Scorodocapus borneensis garlic tree; nutraceutical; organosulfurs; Scorodocapus borneensis
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MDPI and ACS Style

Wiart, C.; Shorna, A.A.; Rahmatullah, M.; Nissapatorn, V.; Seelan, J.S.S.; Rahman, H.; Rusdi, N.A.; Mustaffa, N.; Elbehairy, L.; Sulaiman, M. The Garlic Tree of Borneo, Scorodocarpus borneensis (Baill.) Becc. (Olacaceae): Potential Utilization in Pharmaceutical, Nutraceutical, and Functional Cosmetic Industries. Molecules 2023, 28, 5717. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28155717

AMA Style

Wiart C, Shorna AA, Rahmatullah M, Nissapatorn V, Seelan JSS, Rahman H, Rusdi NA, Mustaffa N, Elbehairy L, Sulaiman M. The Garlic Tree of Borneo, Scorodocarpus borneensis (Baill.) Becc. (Olacaceae): Potential Utilization in Pharmaceutical, Nutraceutical, and Functional Cosmetic Industries. Molecules. 2023; 28(15):5717. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28155717

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wiart, Christophe, Afsana Amin Shorna, Mohammed Rahmatullah, Veeranoot Nissapatorn, Jaya Seelan Sathya Seelan, Homathevi Rahman, Nor Azizun Rusdi, Nazirah Mustaffa, Layane Elbehairy, and Mazdida Sulaiman. 2023. "The Garlic Tree of Borneo, Scorodocarpus borneensis (Baill.) Becc. (Olacaceae): Potential Utilization in Pharmaceutical, Nutraceutical, and Functional Cosmetic Industries" Molecules 28, no. 15: 5717. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28155717

APA Style

Wiart, C., Shorna, A. A., Rahmatullah, M., Nissapatorn, V., Seelan, J. S. S., Rahman, H., Rusdi, N. A., Mustaffa, N., Elbehairy, L., & Sulaiman, M. (2023). The Garlic Tree of Borneo, Scorodocarpus borneensis (Baill.) Becc. (Olacaceae): Potential Utilization in Pharmaceutical, Nutraceutical, and Functional Cosmetic Industries. Molecules, 28(15), 5717. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28155717

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